Case report of jelly fish stinging in Bay of Bengal: A report from Bangladesh (original) (raw)

Skin and Systemic Manifestations of Jellyfish Stings in Iraqi Fishermen

Libyan Journal of Medicine, 2008

Background: Jellyfish stings are common worldwide with an estimated 150 million cases annually, and their stings cause a wide range of clinical manifestations from skin inflammation to cardiovascular and respiratory collapse. No studies on jellyfish stings have been carried out in Basra, Iraq. Objectives: To describe the immediate and delayed skin reactions to White Jellyfish (Rhizostoma sp.) stings and the types of local treatment used by fishermen. Methods and Materials: 150 fishermen were enrolled at three Marine stations in Basra, Iraq. Demographic data, types of skin reactions, systemic manifestations and kinds of treatments were collected. Results: Overall, 79% of fishermen in all three Marine stations gave a history of having been stung. The common sites of sings were the hands and arms followed by the legs. Most fishermen claimed that stings led to skin reactions within 5 minutes. The presenting complaints were itching, burning sensation, and erythematic wheals. A few days after the sting, new groups of painless and itchy erythematous monomorphic papular rashes developed at the site of the sting in 62% of cases as a delayed type of skin reaction that resolved spontaneously. The local remedies commonly used by the fishermen were seawater, tap water and ice. A few fishermen considered stings as insignificant and did not think there was a need to seek medical help. Conclusions: We conclude that jellyfish causes many stings among fishermen in the Basra region. Their stings lead to immediate and delayed skin reactions. Selftreatment by topical remedies is common.

Fatal and Nonfatal Severe Jellyfish Stings in Thai Waters

Journal of Travel Medicine, 2010

O n November 3, 2008, the Governor of Phuket released a media statement: ''people throughout the region should be alerted to the dangers of box jellyfish.'' 1 Two days later, the Minister for Natural Resources and the Environment also released: ''People swimming in the sea where box jellyfish are present should exercise caution.'' 2 Quickly, travel advisories were posted on numerous government web sites, including Australia, United States, and Thailand. Internet search provides a modest estimate of the confusion this caused, as most people, previously unaware of the problem, were now demanding to know about the appearance of this danger, and how? General consensus was that fatal and severe jellyfish stings were new to Thailand, whereas we argue that they have long occurred throughout the Indo-Pacific, including Thailand (Nakorn, personal communication). 3 We summarize and review current knowledge on life-threatening jellyfish stings in Thailand, hoping this report will provide a stimulus for improved awareness and management of jellyfish problems throughout Southeast Asia. Two kinds of potentially deadly jellyfish are confirmed in Thai waters: chirodropid box jellyfish and Irukandji box jellyfish (L. Gershwin, unpublished data). Hundreds of other species of jellyfish are also present but are not considered as life threatening. Chirodropids are large box-shaped jellyfish (ie, ''box jellyfish'') with multiple tentacles arising from each of the four lower corners of the bell. Irukandji are easily distinguished from chirodropids, as their box-shaped body has just a single tentacle at each lower corner. Chironex kill by massive envenomation, causing respiratory arrest or cardiac arrest in systole in as little as 2 to 3 min. Their stings have caused multiple

Jellyfish stings on Langkawi Island, Malaysia

The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2016

Jellyfish stings are the most frequently reported marine animal envenomation worldwide. However, data on jellyfish sting from Malaysia remains obscure due to inadequate research. We investigated the epidemiology, clinical features and treatment of patients presenting at the emergency department of Langkawi Hospital between January 2012 and December 2014. Secondary data on the nature of the incident, patient demographics, clinical presentation, and treatment were retrieved from the patients' medical records. Descriptive statistics were presented for all patient variables. A total of 759 patients presented with jellyfish stings during the 3-year study period, with highest number of visits in July, October, November, and December. The mean patient age was 26.7 years (SD: 12.14), 59.4% were men, 68.1% were foreigners or international tourists, and 40.4% were stung between 12.00 p.m. and 6:59 p.m. At least 90 patients presented with mild Irukandji or Irukandji-like syndromes. Most of...

JELLYFISH STINGS : COMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT By TOSSON

2020

Clinical characteristics of jellyfish stings in Japan

Acute Medicine & Surgery, 2019

Aim: Jellyfish known as "habu-kurage" (Chironex yamaguchii) inhabit the waters surrounding Okinawa and Amami, Japan, and jellyfish stings are limited to areas outside the Japanese main island. However, the shifts promoted by global warming and increasingly intensive interactions with people have led to concerns regarding the possibility of increased jellyfish stings on the main island of Japan. Similar concerns are being raised all over the world. However, studies examining clinical characteristics of jellyfish stings have been limited to Australia, the USA, Europe, and SouthEast Asia. Thus, this study aimed to examine for the first time the clinical characteristics of jellyfish stings in Japan. Methods: We undertook retrospective questionnaire surveys from January 2013 to December 2017 to determine patient characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcomes. We compared patient characteristics between tourists and non-tourists. The primary end-point of the present study was to clarify the clinical characteristics of jellyfish stings. Results: Over the 5-year study period, 204 patients were identified from eight hospitals based on the basic questionnaire, and 35 patients with moderate-to-severe jellyfish stings were also identified. All patients recovered well, including five patients with severe jellyfish stings. Antivenom was not given. The time intervals from the occurrence of jellyfish stings to hospital arrival significantly differed between tourists and non-tourists (P = 0.049), and all tourists visited the emergency department (P = 0.009). Conclusions: Approximately 40 cases of jellyfish stings occurred annually in Japan between 2013 and 2017. Patients recovered well without the use of antivenom.

Irukandji-like syndrome caused by single-tentacle box jellyfish found in Thailand, 2007–2019

International Maritime Health

Background: Irukandji syndrome definition is still widely misunderstood. Irukandji-like syndrome is more unclear than Irukandji syndrome. This study aimed to describe Irukandji-like syndrome in cases involving stinging by single-tentacle box jellyfish species in Thailand. Materials and methods: Surveillance system and networks of toxic jellyfish incidents were established to enable case detection. In the period 2007 to 2019, all cases of stinging by single-tentacle box jellyfish resulting in collapse, hospital attendance or death were investigated. Results: The majority of the 19 Irukandji-like syndrome cases were male (68.2%), median age 35.0 years (range 6.0-60.0), and Thai nationality (52.3%). Clinical manifestations of Irukandji-like syndrome were categorised as severe wound pain with immediate systemic reaction (66.7%), moderate wound pain with gradual systemic reaction (16.7%), and moderate wound pain with the immediate systemic reaction after a physical/chemical trigger (16.7%). The pain occurring when being stung differed from the pain occurring during the systemic reaction. The five most common symptoms were pain (100.0%), high blood pressure (100.0%), palpitations (86.7%), respiratory distress (52.6%), and near collapse/collapse (31.6%). The pain occurs when being stung was excruciating or burning pain at the wounds, felt like an electric shock, and rapidly expanded to heart pain. While the pain occurring during the systemic reaction was back pain, muscle pain, joint pain, abdominal pain, and body aches. The marks from the tentacles appeared similar in appearance to the caterpillar tracks of tanks. In 6 cases the species could be identified and all of them involving the Morbakka spp. Conclusions: This was the largest study of Irukandji-like syndrome cases involving stings by single-tentacle box jellyfish in Thailand and the different clinical manifestations might be caused by different species of single-tentacle box jellyfish.

Fatal and Severe Box Jellyfish Stings, Including Irukandji Stings, in Malaysia, 2000-2010

Journal of Travel Medicine, 2011

Background. Jellyfish are a common cause of injury throughout the world, with fatalities and severe systemic events not uncommon after tropical stings. The internet is a recent innovation to gain information on real-time health issues of travel destinations, including Southeast Asia. Methods. We applied the model of internet-based retrospective health data aggregation, through the Divers Alert Network Asia-Pacific (DAN AP), together with more conventional methods of literature and media searches, to document the health significance, and clinical spectrum, of box jellyfish stings in Malaysia for the period January 1, 2000 to July 30, 2010. Results. Three fatalities, consistent with chirodropid envenomation, were identified for the period-all tourists to Malaysia. Non-fatal chirodropid stings were also documented. During 2010, seven cases consistent with moderately severe Irukandji syndrome were reported to DAN and two representative cases are discussed here. Photographs of chirodropid (multi-tentacled), carybdeid (four-tentacled) box jellyfish, and of severe sting lesions were also submitted to DAN during this period.

Jellyfish Stings: Complications and Management

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology

Jellyfish and sea jellies are the informal common names given to the medusa-phase of certain gelatinous members of subphylum Medusozoa, the majority of phylum Cnidaria. Jellyfish are mainly free-swimming marine animals with umbrella-shaped bells and trailing tentacles, although a few are not mobile, being anchored to the seabed by stalks. The bell can pulsate to give propulsion and highly efficient locomotion. Tentacles are armed with stinging cells and may be used to capture prey and defend against predators. Jellyfish have a complex life cycle; the medusa is normally the sexual phase, the planula larva can disperse widely and is followed by a sedentary polyp phase. Jellyfish are found worldwide, from surface waters to the deep sea. Scyphozoans ("true jellyfish") are exclusively marine, but some hydrozoans with a similar appearance live in freshwater. Large, often colorful, jellyfish are common in coastal zones worldwide. The medusae of most species are fast growing, mature within a few months and die soon after breeding, but the polyp stage, attached to the seabed, may be much more long-lived. Jellyfish have been in existence for at least 500 million years, and possibly 700 million years or more, making them the oldest multiorgan animal group. They are eaten by humans in certain cultures, being considered a delicacy in some Asian countries, where species in the Rhizostomae order are pressed and salted to remove excess water. They are also used in research, where the green fluorescent protein, used by some species to cause bioluminescence, has been adapted as a fluorescent marker for genes inserted into other cells or organisms. Stinging cells used by jellyfish to subdue their prey can also injure them. Many thousands of swimmers are stung every year, with effects ranging from mild discomfort to serious injury or even death; small box jellyfish are responsible for many deaths.

Case report of jelly fish stinging in Bay of Bengal: A report from Bangladesh (original) (raw)

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