Author's personal copy Preparation and properties of nanocrystalline BNT-BT x piezoelectric ceramics by sol-gel and spark plasma sintering (original) (raw)

Current Applied Physics

Abstract

a b s t r a c t (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5)TiO 3 was doped in situ with 5, 8, and 11 mol% BaTiO 3 (BNT-BT x ; x ¼ 0.05, 0.08 and 0.11) using a sol-gel technique. The resulting powders from gel precursors showed microstructures consisting of nano-sized grains and crystalline perovskite structure. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique was used to prepare high densified (98e99%r theor) BNT-BT x ceramics from these nanopowders. The results confirm the spark plasma sintering method applied to nano-scale powders, obtained by sol-gel, as a viable route in producing nanostructured ceramics. The evolution of the structure and electrical properties of the ceramics with BaTiO 3 concentration (x) was investigated. The permittivity of BNT-BT 0.08 ceramic is higher (ε r ¼ 2090, at 100 kHz) than that for x ¼ 0.05 (ε r ¼ 1350) and x ¼ 0.11 (ε r ¼ 1800). BNT-BT 0.08 ceramic shows maximum values for the frequency constants (N p , N t), piezoelectric charge coefficient (d 31) and piezoelectric voltage coefficien...

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