A Survey of Multi-Access Edge Computing and Vehicular Networking (original) (raw)
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Multi-Access Edge Computing for Vehicular Networks: A Position Paper
2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2018
With the emergence of self-driving technology and the ever-increasing demand of bandwidth-hungry applications, providing the required latency, security and computational capabilities is becoming a challenging task. Although being evolving, traditional vehicular radio access technologies, namely WLAN/IEEE 802.11p and cellular networks cannot meet all the requirements of future Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility (CCAM). In addition, current vehicular architectures are not sufficiently flexible to support the highly heterogeneous landscape of emerging communication technologies, such as mmWave, Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X), and Visible Light Communication (VLC). To this aim, Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) has been recently proposed to enhance the quality of passengers experience in delay-sensitive applications. In this paper, we discuss the in-premises features of MEC and the need of supporting technologies, such as Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), to fulfil the requirements in terms of responsiveness, reliability and resiliency. The latter is of paramount importance for automated services, which are supposed to be always-on and always-available. We outline possible solutions for mobilityaware computation offloading, dynamic spectrum sharing, and interference mitigation. Also, by revealing MEC-inherent security vulnerabilities, we argue for the need of adequate security and privacy-preserving schemes in MEC-enabled vehicular architectures.
Multi-access Edge Computing: The driver behind the wheel of 5G-connected cars
arXiv (Cornell University), 2018
The automotive and telco industries have taken an investment bet on the connected car market, pushing for the digital transformation of the sector by exploiting recent Information and Communication Technology (ICT) progress. As ICT developments continue, it is expected that the technology advancements will be able to fulfill the sophisticated requirements for vehicular use cases, such as low latency and reliable communications for safety, high computing power to process large amount of sensed data, and increased bandwidth for on-board infotainment. The aforementioned requirements have received significant focus during the ongoing definition of the 3GPP 5G mobile standards, where there has been a drive to facilitate vertical industries such as automotive, in addition to providing the core aspects of the communication infrastructure. Of the technology enablers for 5G, Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) can be considered essential. That is, a cloud environment located at the edge of the network, in proximity of the end-users and coupled with the service provider's network infrastructure. Even before 5G is rolled out, current mobile networks can already target support for these challenging use cases using MEC technology. This is because MEC is able to fulfill low latency and high bandwidth requirements, and, in addition, it lends itself to be deployed at the vertical industrial sector premises such as road infrastructure, air/sea ports, smart factories, etc., thus, bringing computing power where it is needed most. This work showcases the automotive use cases that are relevant for MEC, providing insights into the technologies specified and investigated by the ETSI MEC Industry Specification Group (ISG), who were the pioneer in creating a standardized computing platform for advanced mobile networks with regards to network edge related use cases.
Sensors
By providing storage and computational resources at the network edge, which enables hosting applications closer to the mobile users, Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) uses the mobile backhaul, and the network core more efficiently, thereby reducing the overall latency. Fostering the synergy between 5G and MEC brings ultra-reliable low-latency in data transmission, and paves the way towards numerous latency-sensitive automotive use cases, with the ultimate goal of enabling autonomous driving. Despite the benefits of significant latency reduction, bringing MEC platforms into 5G-based vehicular networks imposes severe challenges towards poorly scalable network management, as MEC platforms usually represent a highly heterogeneous environment. Therefore, there is a strong need to perform network management and orchestration in an automated way, which, being supported by Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), will further decrease the latency. With re...
Leveraging Mobile Edge Computing to Improve Vehicular Communications
2020 IEEE 17th Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC), 2020
Due to the varying conditions in traffic and resource availability in networks nowadays, maintaining continuity of network service and satisfying QoS and QoE requirements became a challenging task. If considered in a highly diversified environment in terms of technology and administration, it gets even more complicated, and appropriate service and resource management solutions are mandatory. Thus, the aim of this paper is to present our specific perspective of the ongoing European H2020 5G-CARMEN project, addressing the importance of proactive reconfiguration of network services and their migration between different domains. Leveraging on 5G technology and MEC platform, our management platform for automated low-latencyaware VNF placement and migration will enable orchestration of network services and resources across different administrative and technology domains.
A Mobile Edge Computing Approach for Vehicle to Everything Communications
Communications and Network
This paper explores the exploitation of Mobile/Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications. Certain V2X applications that aim at improving road safety require reliable and low latency message delivery. As the number of connected vehicles increases, these requirements cannot be satisfied by technologies relying on the IEEE 802.11p standard. Therefore, the exploitation of the 4th generation Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile networks has been considered. However, despite their widespread use, LTE systems are characterized by high end-to-end latency since the messages have to traverse the core network. MEC addresses this problem by offering computing, storage and network resources at the edge of the network closer to the end-users. This paper aims at investigating the benefits MEC may offer toward implementing V2X communications. In this framework, simulation scenarios were examined concerning various V2X use cases implemented employing either LTE or MEC. The simulation results indicate a clear superiority of MEC over LTE, especially in the case of delivering critical data.
Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
A new networking paradigm, Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC), has been introduced in recent years to the vehicular network to augment its computing capacity. The ultimate challenge to fulfill the requirements of both communication and computation is increasingly prominent, with the advent of ever-growing modern vehicular applications. With the breakthrough of VEC, service providers directly host services in close proximity to smart vehicles for reducing latency and improving quality of service (QoS). This paper illustrates the VEC architecture, coupled with the concept of the smart vehicle, its services, communication, and applications. Moreover, we categorized all the technical issues in the VEC architecture and reviewed all the relevant and latest solutions. We also shed some light and pinpoint future research challenges. This article not only enables naive readers to get a better understanding of this latest research field but also gives new directions in the field of VEC to the oth...
Edge Computing : The driver behind the wheel of 5 G-connected cars
2018
The automotive and telco industries have taken an investment bet on the connected car market, pushing for the digital transformation of the sector by exploiting recent Information and Communication Technology (ICT) progress. As ICT developments continue, it is expected that the technology advancements will be able to fulfill the sophisticated requirements for vehicular use cases, such as low latency and reliable communications for safety, high computing power to process large amount of sensed data, and increased bandwidth for on-board infotainment. The aforementioned requirements have received significant focus during the ongoing definition of the 3GPP 5G mobile standards, where there has been a drive to facilitate vertical industries such as automotive, in addition to providing the core aspects of the communication infrastructure. Of the technology enablers for 5G, Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) can be considered essential. That is, a cloud environment located at the edge of the...
Exploiting Mobile Edge Computing for Enhancing Vehicular Applications in Smart Cities
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Mobile edge computing (MEC) has been recently proposed to bring computing capabilities closer to mobile endpoints, with the aim of providing low latency and real-time access to network information via applications and services. Several attempts have been made to integrate MEC in intelligent transportation systems (ITS), including new architectures, communication frameworks, deployment strategies and applications. In this paper, we explore existing architecture proposals for integrating MEC in vehicular environments, which would allow the evolution of the next generation ITS in smart cities. Moreover, we classify the desired applications into four major categories. We rely on a MEC architecture with three layers to propose a data dissemination protocol, which can be utilized by traffic safety and travel convenience applications in vehicular networks. Furthermore, we provide a simulation-based prototype to evaluate the performance of our protocol. Simulation results show that our prop...
SDN Enhanced Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) for E2E Mobility and QoS Management
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Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is a key enabler of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile cellular networks. MEC enables Ultra-reliable and Low-latency Communications (URLLC) by bringing the data and computational resources closer to the mobile users. As 5G deployments commence in earnest, researchers have turned their attention to various aspects of edge computing in an effort to leverage the new capabilities offered by 5G. In this paper, we propose the integration of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and cloud-native virtualization techniques, such as containers, with the MEC architecture, to facilitate the orchestration and management of Mobile Edge Hosts (MEH). The proposed architecture focuses on the end-to-end mobility support required to maintain service continuity when mobile users relocate from one MEH to another. SDN is proposed as a reliable, programmatic paradigm to provide mobile edge orchestration and dynamic configuration of the underlying network for improved service continuity and quality of experience. The proposed architecture is validated through vehicle-to-everything simulations that highlight the advantage of the centralized network intelligence and the modularity and portability offered by SDN and containers.
Multi-Access Edge Computing Deployments for 5G Networks
INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE IEC 2019, 2019
The growth of the telecommunication industry is fast-paced with groundbreaking engineering achievements. Notwithstanding the technological advancement in the industry, it had continued to cope with the phenomenon of resource constraint in portable mobile telecommunication devices compared to fixed and tethered devices. Portable mobile handheld devices have very low computational, storage and energy carrying capacity occasioned by the needs to satisfy portability, very small form factor, ergonomics, style and trends. Solutions such as cloudlets, cyber foraging, mobile cloud computing (MCC), and more recently but most applicable, multi-access edge computing (MEC) have been proffered with different application methodologies including computational offloading, distributed computing, thin clients, middleware, mobile environment cloning as well as representational state transfer. There is a need to satisfy requirements of new and emerging use cases, especially the deployments of 5G coming up with applications such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), intelligent transport systems (ITS), connected autonomous vehicle (CAV), smart hospitals, ultra high definition multi-feed live streaming, etc. The usage patterns of most of these different applications, though not always, is ephemeral and on-demand, except that the demand will be numerous, huge, asymmetric and highly latency-sensitive in terms of needs for computation, storage and analytics while at the fringe of the network where data are being generated and results being applied. In this research, we evaluated 5G end-to-end transport for vantage location of MEC server to achieve low user plane latency.