Influence of vitamin D on the expression of mRNA of cytokines in the mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease patients (original) (raw)
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Vitamin D: a brief overview of its importance and role in inflammatory bowel disease
Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Vitamin D has traditionally been known for its regulation of bone metabolism and homeostasis, but emerging evidence suggests that it also has a broad function in immune regulation, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The etiology of IBD is thought to be multifactorial but stems in part due to the deregulation of the immune response to environmental factors in the setting of a pre-existing genetic disposition. Vitamin D, based on its mechanistic role at the cellular level in T-cell trafficking, had been postulated to have a direct effect on the immune system, This alludes to the fact that vitamin D may have the ability to not only potentiate the IBD phenotype, but also in doing so, its supplementation may serve a therapeutic role in amelioration of the diseased state. We review in this article the current literature as it pertains to the basic mechanism of Vitamin D, its role in the pathogenicity of IBD, how it regulates our immune system, interpretation and accuracy of obtaining levels, and the role there may be in supplementation in IBD.
The Role of Vitamin D in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Gastrointest. Disord. , 2019
Vitamin D has a complex role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is still under investigation. We conducted a literature search using PubMed through December 2018 through the use of relevant search terms. We found an abundance of evidence to support the role of vitamin D in regulating the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. The pathogenes of IBD implicates the immune dysregulation of these immune system components. Proof of concept of the vitamin’s role in the pathogenesis of IBD is the mapping of the vitamin D receptor in a region of chromosome 12, where IBD is also mapped, and specific VDR polymorphisms’ link to IBD phenotypes. Further research is needed to better delineate vitamin D’s role in preventing IBD and its potential as a therapeutic target for this disease.
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
Background: The intestinal vitamin D receptor (VDR) remains poorly characterized in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Colonoscopic biopsies and intestinal resection specimens from the terminal ileum, ascending and sigmoid colon, from patients with and without IBD, were analyzed for VDR mRNA quantification by polymerase chain reaction, and protein localization and semi-quantification by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between VDR and intestinal inflammation, serum 25(OH)D and oral vitamin D intake was elicited. Results: A total of 725 biopsies from 20 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), 15 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 14 non-IBD controls who underwent colonoscopy were studied. VDR gene expression and protein staining intensity was similar across all three groups, and across the intestinal segments. Sigmoid colon VDR mRNA expression inversely correlated with faecal calprotectin ( r = −0.64, p = 0.026) and histological score ( r = −0.67, p = 0.006) in ...
Role of Vitamin D in Inflammatory Bowel Disease flare
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2011
Vitamin D is known to be vital in maintaining bone health, mineralisation and for fracture prevention. It has also been implicated in a number of autoimmune diseases and has therefore been studied for its potential role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). This review looks at the current literature on the role of vitamin D and its potential role as an immunomodulator, disease modifier and bone health in IBD patients. There is substantial supporting evidence of an important role from epidemiological, genetic and immunological studies, but there is also conflicting evidence and nothing proving to be definitive from clinical studies. There are also a number of confounders with IBD patients, as their lifestyles and medications may affect vitamin D levels. Murine studies have added vast amounts to our knowledge of vitamin D and its antimicrobial role, as well as its effect on immune cell proliferation other inflammatory molecules, such as Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα). It is clear that larger trials investigating the effects of oral supplementation of vitamin D in IBD patients are necessary.
Vitamin D improves inflammatory bowel disease outcomes: Basic science and clinical review
Vitamin D deficiency is commonly diagnosed among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with IBD are at risk of low bone density and increased fractures due to low vitamin D levels, long standing disease, and frequent steroid exposures; as a result, it is well established that vitamin D supplementation in this population is important. There is increasing support for the role of vitamin D in strengthening the innate immune system by acting as an immunomodulator and reducing inflammation in experimental and human IBD. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)D3, acts on T cells to promote T helper (Th)2/regulatory T responses over Th1/Th17 responses; suppresses dendritic cell inflammatory activity; induces antibacterial activity; and regulates cytokine production in favor of an antiinflammatory response. Murine and human IBD studies support a therapeutic role of vitamin D in IBD. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in this population include decreased sunlight exposure, disease duration, smok
Nutrients, 2019
Vitamin D has recently been discovered to be a potential immune modulator. Low serum vitamin D levels have been associated with risk of relapse and exacerbation of clinical outcomes in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). A retrospective, longitudinal study was conducted to determine the association between vitamin D levels and inflammatory markers and clinical disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition, circulating 25(OH)D3 progression was evaluated according to vitamin D supplementation. Participants were separated into three groups according to their vitamin D level: severe deficiency (SD), moderate deficiency (MD) and sufficiency (S). Serum 25(OH)D3 was inversely correlated with faecal calprotectin (FC) for CD and UC but was only correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) for UC patients. In the multivariate analysis of FC, CRP and fibrinogen (FBG), we predicted the presence of a patient in the SD group with 80% accuracy. A deficiency of 25(OH)D...
Journal of Coloproctology
Objective To evaluate the serum concentrations of vitamin D and their relation with inflammatory bowel diseases. Methods This is a quantitative and descriptive study, with individuals assisted by the interdisciplinary ambulatory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease of the Family and Community Health Unit of Itajaí/SC from September 2015 to October 2016. Socioeconomic data, life habits, and biochemical tests were collected, with the use of clinical indexes of classification of the disease activity: Harvey-Bradshaw Index (Crohn's Disease) and Partial Mayo Score (Chronic Nonspecific Ulcerative Colitis). Results Of the 60 patients evaluated, 57% (n = 34) had Crohn's Disease and 43% (n = 26) had Chronic Nonspecific Ulcerative Colitis. According to disease activity, 75% (n = 45) were in the remission phase, 13% (n = 8) had mild activity, and 9% (n = 5) had moderate activity. Regarding vitamin D, 63% (n = 38) had deficiency of this vitamin and 37% (n = 22) presented sufficiency. With the ...
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, 2018
Existing studies usually do not measure the free vitamin D in pediatric patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and not consider the effect of inflammation on vitamin D levels. The aim of our study was to evaluate the concentrations of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), total and free 25(OH)D, and to correlate these values with the disease activity markers. Methods: Newly diagnosed IBD children and a group of healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. VDBP, total and free 25(OH)D levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared using the Student t-test. In each IBD patient, the activity scores of disease and the main inflammation markers were correlated to total and free 25(OH)D levels. C-reactive protein (CRP) was also measured in the control group and it was related to VDBP by a linear regression test for all the groups. Results: Fifty-one consecutive children were enrolled: IBD=33, HC=18. Levels of total 25(OH)D were higher in HC than in IBD patients (p=0.01). However, the free/total 25(OH)D ratio was higher in IBD patients compared to HC (p<0.001). Finally, levels of VDBP were lower in IBD patients than in HC (p=0.001). A significant direct correlation was found between the free/total 25(OH)D ratio and the activity index of disease (r 2 :0.17;p=0.01). Moreover, in IBD patients and controls we found a significant indirect correlation between VDBP and CRP (r 2 :0.12;p=0.01). Conclusion: Inflammation inversely correlates to VDBP concentrations and IBD patients, despite their deficiency in total 25(OH)D, have normal or even higher levels of free 25(OH)D.