Genetic Relationships of Some Egyptian and Yemeni Wheat Varieties Detected by Rapd and Issr Markers (original) (raw)
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South African Journal of Botany, 2006
The genetic variation and relationships among 277 individual plants from 10 wheat genotypes were evaluated using RAPD markers. A total of 190 DNA fragments was generated by 25 random primers, with an average of 7.6 easily detectable fragments per primer. Of these, 84 fragments (44.64%) were polymorphic among the 10 genotypes. Several RAPD marker bands showed unique patterns of mean frequency that differed among the wheat germplasm groups. Within-population genetic variation ranged from 83% to 93% of the total. The greatest similarity was observed between Marghila-99 and Marvee-2000, whereas the local variety 8670-3 showed the lowest similarity with the exotic types. RAPD analysis can be used for the characterization and grouping of wheat genotypes. These results will be helpful in future wheat breeding programs.
2009
Twelve wheat genotypes developed through hybridization programme were screened for genetic diversity through RAPD marker. A total of 102 loci were amplified with 14 primers out of which 91 (89.2%) were polymorphic and only 11(10.8%) were monomorphic. Fragments size ranged from 142bp-5.3kb and fragments produced by various primers ranged from 1-11 with an average of 7.1 fragments per primer. The highest number of loci (13) was amplified with primer A-10, while the lowest number (1) with primer B-10. Results revealed that variety SARC-1, PKV-1600 and Chakwal-86 contain a specific segment of 478 bp while SARC-1 contains another specific segment of 957 bp amplified with primer A-07. Genetically most similar genotypes were SARC-1 and Chakwal-86 (70%) while most dissimilar genotypes were Sarsabz and PKV-1600 (33%). On the basis of results achieved, the varieties could be divided into 3 groups, Kiran-95, Marvi-2000 and Sarsabz in one group, Bhitai, ESW-9525, Inqilab-91, Khirman and Abadgar-93 clustered in second group and SARC-1, Chakwal-86, PKV-1600 and CM 24/87 in the third group.
Genetic Diversity Among Sudanese Wheat Cultivars as Revealed by Molecular Markers
2013
2 Abstract: Knowledge of genetic diversity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars has a considerable impact on the breeding programs. In this study, the genetic relationship of 12 Sudanese wheat cultivars was determined using 184 simple sequence repeats (SSR) and 23 inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primer sets. Results indicated that, of the SSRs markers used, 145 (79%) amplified DNA while 39 (21%) did not. A total of 104 of the amplified SSR markers were polymorphic while 41 were monomorphic. All of the 23 ISSR primers amplified DNA and only three of them were monomorphic. The ISSRs produced a total of 146 alleles, of which 47.3% were polymorphic while 52.7% were monomorphic. The similarity coefficients based on SSRs were in the range of 0.37 to 0.61 while those based on ISSRs were in the range of 0.11 to 0.80. Coefficients of similarity generated with SSRs grouped the cultivars into three distinct clusters. In comparison, grouping according to ISSRs have resulted in four clu...
2020
The importance of grain cultivation especially wheat is obvious in terms of providing human and animal food and its impact on the economy of human societies. The reduction of genetic diversity in cultivars prevents increasing yields in line with rising demand and consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the compatibility of them and increase their genetic extent. In the current, the genetic diversity of Iranian wheat genotypes was investigated at the DNA level using RAPD and ISSR markers. 17 RAPD primers and 16 ISSR primers generated 86 (86/99= %86.86) and 56 (56/64= %57.5) polymorphic bands respectively. The cluster analysis based on UPGMA and dendrogram plotted using NTSYSpc 2.02 software revealed three main clusters. The highest genetic distance was between CD-89-2 and CD-89-7 genotypes and the minimum genetic distance was between CD-89-2 and CD-89-3 genotypes. Based on Nei's genetic distance matrix, the mean number of effective bands, the Shannon index, and polymor...
Potravinarstvo, 2019
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important and strategic cereal crop in Egypt and has many bread wheat varieties. Seventeen Egyptian bread wheat varieties used in this study with a set of sixteen wheat microsatellite markers to examine their utility in detecting DNA polymorphism, estimating genetic diversity and identifying genotypes. A total of 190 alleles were detected at 16 loci using 16 microsatellite primer pairs. The number of allele per locus ranged from 8 to 20, with an average of 11.875. The polymorphic information content (PIC) and marker index (MI) average values were 0.8669, 0.8530 respectively. The (GA) n microsatellites were the highest polymorphic (20 alleles). The Jaccard's Coefficient for genetic similarity was ranged from 0.524 to 0.109 with average of 0.375. A dendrogram was prepared based on similarity matrix using UPGMA algorithm, divided the cultivars into two major clusters. The results proved the microsatellite markers utility in detecting polymorphism due to the discrimination of cultivars and estimating genetic diversity.
Characterization of Wheat Genotypes Using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna Markers
Pak. J. Bot, 2012
Genomic DNA from the genotypes Khyber-87, Saleem 2000, Suleman-96, Pir Sabak-2004, Pir Sabak-2005, NRL-0320, NRL–0517, RAS-II, Tatara, RAS-I, Bathoor, Fakhare Sarhad, Bakhtawar-94, Inqilab-91, Haider-2002, Noshera-96, and Auqab-2000 was amplified using RAPD primers. Loci of 100-1400 bp sizes were amplified and on average 3.51 loci per genotype were amplified. Average genetic diversity using the twelve RAPD primers ranged from 30-90%. Phylogenetic relationship among the wheat genotypes was ...
Assessment of genetic diversity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using RAPD markers
Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 2017
The present study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 10 wheat cultivars by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker. The genomic DNA of 10 wheat genotypes were amplified with 10 RAPD primers that produced 53 amplified band, out of which 23 band were polymorphic (43.39%). The number of fragment amplified per primer ranged from 4 to 9. Primer A01 generated maximum number of amplified band, out of which 5 band were polymorphic. Cluster analysis of wheat genotypes were based on UPGMA method. Cluster analysis of 10 wheat genotypes were classified in to two main group; single variety AKW 1071 was placed in first group and rest 9 variety were placed in second group. The pair wise similarity values ranged from 0.58% to 100% and showed that cultivars Raj-3765 and K-7903 were the closest with highest similarity value (100%), while genotypes AKW 1071 and K9006 showed minimum similarity value (62%). The present study indicated the presence of high genetic diversity among wheat cultivars, which could be used for the developing core collection of wheat germplasm for breeding purpose.
Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
To increase the genetic progress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield, breeders search for germplasm of high genetic diversity, one of them is the landraces. The present study aimed at evaluating genetic diversity of 20 Egyptian wheat landraces and two cultivars using microsatellite markers (SSRs). Ten SSR markers amplified a total of 27 alleles in the set of 22 wheat accessions, of which 23 alleles (85.2%) were polymorphic. The majority of the markers showed high polymorphism information content (PIC) values (0.67-0.94), indicating the diverse nature of the wheat accessions and/or highly informative SSR markers used in this study. The genotyping data of the SSR markers were used to assess genetic variation in the wheat accessions by dendrogram. The highest genetic distance was found between G21 (Sakha 64; an Egyptian cultivar) and the landrace accession No. 9120 (G11). These two genotypes could be used as parents in a hybridization program followed by selection in the segregating ...
Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 2010
Abbreviations: HMW-GS:high molecular weight glutenin subunits LMW: low molecular weight NUWYT: national uniform wheat yield trials PCR: polymerase chain reaction RAPD: random amplified polymorphic DNA SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Genetic diversity was assessed among 32 advanced wheat breeding lines included in the National Uniform Wheat Yield Trials (2006-07) of Pakistan using molecular (DNA) and biochemical (SDS-PAGE) markers. Of the 72 RAPD primers used for initial screening, 15 were found polymorphic. A total of 140 bands (61.4% polymorphic) were generated by the 15 random decamer primers. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.81 to 0.94 for rainfed and from 0.70 to 0.93 for the normal seeding date group. Cluster analysis using the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic averages (UPGMA) clustered the 32 advanced wheat breeding lines into one major and three small groups. Maximum level of polymorphism (90%) was observed for the primer OPA-05. Lines N9 *Corresponding author and N11 showed the least genetic similarities (0.70-0.82 and 0.71-0.83, respectively) with rest of the lines studied. Line RF1 had the maximum similarity (0.81-0.94) with other lines. Wheat lines included in the normal seeding date were relatively distantly related than those in the rainfed group. Seed storage protein analysis produced 19 subunits ranging from 29-120KDa. Similarity coefficients ranged from 0.53 to 1.0 for the normal seeding date and from 0.47 to 1.0 for the rainfed group. High molecular weight subunits (particularly 120KDa) showed greater polymorphism than the lower molecular weight subunits. Narrow genetic base was observed in wheat lines included in the rainfed group. DNA fingerprinting of advanced breeding lines may help to avoid release of varieties with narrow genetic base in the future. Ahmed, M.F. et al. FUFA, H.; BAENZIGER, P.S.; BEECHER, B.S.; DWEIKAT, I.; GRAYBOSCH, R.A. and ESKRIDGE, K.M. Comparison of phenotypic and molecular markerbased classifications of hard red winter wheat cultivars. CHO, Yong G.; YOON, Ung H. and EUN, Moo Y. A rapid DNA extraction method for RFLP and PCR analysis from a single dry seed. Plant Molecular Biology Report, 1998, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 1-9. LAEMMLI, U.K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, August 1970, vol. 227, p. 680-685. LANGRIDGE, P.; LAGUDAH, E.S.; HOLTON, T.A.; APPELS, R.; SHARP. P.J. and CHALMERS, K.J. Trends in genetic and genome analyses in wheat: a review.
Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2005
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was employed to estimate genetic diversity/genetic similarity among nine wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Out of 25 random 10-mer primers surveyed, 18 primers detected polymorphism among all the wheat genotypes, while 7 primers produced monomorphic pattern. A total of 175 bands were amplified, 60.57% of which were polymorphic. Genetic similarity matrix was generated on the basis of Nei and Li's coefficients whose values ranged from 61.29% to 88.03%. The coefficients were used to make clusters using unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA). Wheat genotypes were grouped in two main clusters (A and B). However, CMH-771917/PKV1600 and VEE/Trap # 1 were the most distant genotypes, which were 61.29 to 76.53% and 66.01 to 78.81% genetically similar with the other genotypes, respectively. The information generated here along with the use of most advanced DNA fingerprinting techniques like AFLP, SCAR, SSR and ESTs would be helpful for future genome mapping programs as well as for the application of intellectual breeder rights in the country. The study will also work as indicator for wheat breeders to evolve varieties with diverse genetic background to achieve sustainability in wheat production in the country.