Effect of Gamma Rays Irradiation and Its Effect on Early Growth Stage of True Shallot Seed (Allium cepa (L.) Bauji Variety (original) (raw)
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Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2018
Plan breeding of wheat and triticale in Argentina is based on the objective of improving an individual crop, with respect to resistance to drought stress. The use of gamma radiation holds promise for physiological crop improvement. The objective of this study was to determine and compare the effect of different gamma radiation doses on the germination and seedling growth of Argentine wheat and triticale cultivars. Seeds of wheat cv. Baguette 10 and triticale cv. Espinillo INTA were irradiated at doses of 0, 50, 200, 400, 550, 700, 850 and 1000 Gy s-1. The final germination percentage (FGP), sprout length (SL) and median lethal dose (LD 50) were used as metrics of germination, seedling growth and lethal dose, respectively. Two experimental designs were used. First, a completely randomized factorial was used to compare the effect of the doses within species by using ANOVA; second, a completely repeated measures design was used to evaluate the effect of days after germination on plant survival by species using a mixed linear model. The results suggest that at the early germination stage, gamma radiation limited root growth and stem length. The FGP of wheat seeds was significantly affected by gamma radiation at a dose of 550 Gy, whereas triticale seeds were significantly affected at a dose of 700 Gy. The SL of both species was similarly affected at 50 Gy. The stem mortality of wheat and triticale seeds increased at an increasing gamma radiation dose and days after germination. Finally, the LD 50 value for wheat and triticale seeds was ~450 Gy. These results might be useful to set a benchmark of the effect of the gamma radiation dose to induce mutations in wheat and triticale seeds from Argentine cultivars.
2020
Radiation contamination can occur from natural radiation or from man-made sources, such as radiation for medical research or for nuclear weapons manufacture. Radiation contamination can impact living things, the eco-system and the food chain, so several methods have been invented to test the level of radiation contamination. One of those methods is the Allium test, which is simple and cost-effective and makes it easy to clearly detect abnormalities from radiation. The objective of this study was to observe the effect of different levels of chronic gamma irradiation on the chromosomes of root tip cells of the shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.) (2n=16) and on growth of the shallots. Growing shallot bulbs were exposed to chronic gamma radiation from a Cobalt-60 source at the Nuclear Technology Research Center (NTRC), Kasetsart University, Thailand. They were placed 2 meters from the source and were exposed to 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 Gy at the dose rate of 0.0078 Gy.min -1 ...
Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Four Onion Accessions
IOSR Journals , 2019
An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University and the Laboratory of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during the period from November, 2017 to May, 2018 to study the effects of gamma radiation on the growth, yield and quality of four onion accessions. The experiment was consisted of two factors such as (i) different accessions viz., accession-1, accession-2, accession-3, accession-4 and (ii) four gamma radiation levels (0 Gy, 50 Gy, 75 Gy and 100 Gy). Seeds from all accessions were irradiated separately with 50 Gy, 75Gy, 100 Gy and also a control at BINA from 60Co gamma radiation sources. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The seeds of 16 treatment combinations of the accessions and radiation levels were sown in seed bed on 15th November, 2017 and 45 days old seedlings were transplanted in the main field on 30th December, 2018. Some biochemical compositions were also tested after harvest on 26th March, 2018. Different accessions showed significantly influenced on almost all the mentioned parameters studied concerned with growth, yield contributing characteristics, yield as well as biochemical characteristics. The accession-3 produced the highest germination (67.25%) and bulb yield (16.57 t/ha) with increased plant height (49.00 cm), number of leaves per plant (7.08), fresh weight of leaves, individual bulb weight, diameter of bulb, length of bulb, chlorophyll (7.23 µmol/m2 ) content of leaf, TSS (14.83%), calcium (0.16%), phosphorus (0.37%), protein (12.60%), and vitamin C (9.18 mg/100g) content of bulb compare to other accessions. Radiation levels also had significant influence on all the parameter studied. The application of the 75 Gy gamma radiation produced highest germination (79.33%), plant height, number of leaves per plant, bulb diameter, individual bulb weight, length of bulb, chlorophyll content (7.45 µmol/m2 ) of leaf, TSS (15.92%), calcium (0.16%), phosphorus (0.40%), vitamin C (9.22 mg/100g), protein (11.20%) and bulb yield (17.47 t/ha) as compared to control. The combined effect of accessions and gamma radiations was statistically significant on the yield, yield contributing characters as well as quality of onion. The highest germination (82.33%) as well as plant height, no. of leaves per plant , individual bulb weight, diameter of bulb, length of bulb, bulb yield (18.59 t/ha), chlorophyll content in leaf, calcium, phosphorus, TSS, vitamin C and protein content in bulb were recorded from accession-3 radiated with 75 Gy. Similarly the lowest bulb yield (14.45 t/ha) as well as in respect of almost all the mentioned parameters were found at accession-1 with control treatment. Therefore, the overall results indicate that accession-3 with 75 Gy might be an efficient and eligible practice for onion production.
Sunflower germination and growth behavior under various gamma radiation absorbed doses
Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017
krad) effects were evaluated on sunflower (Helianthus annus. L.) germination and growth characteristics. Sunflower healthy seeds were exposed to gamma radiation source Co 60 at nuclear institute for food and agriculture and exposed seeds were grown under controlled laboratory conditions. In comparison to control, gamma radiation absorbed doses affected the measured response positively i.e., radical length, plumule length, number of roots, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, germination percentage, time of germination and diameter of hypocotyl of sunflower enhanced up to 83.15%, 70.32%, 73.03%, 4.80%, 3.26%, 72.0%, − 18.88% and 12.58%, respectively. The time of germination, fresh weight and percent moisture contents enhanced insignificantly, however, the response was higher than control. All gamma radiation absorbed doses showed a stimulatory effect on sunflower germination and seedling growth characteristics. The low gamma radiation absorbed doses were found to be more effective versus higher doses for enhancing the germination and growth characteristics of sunflower. In view of positive effect of gamma radiation of sunflower germination and growth characteristics, it is concluded that this techniques could possibly be used for the enhancement of germination, growth and ultimately yield in sunflower in areas where germination is low due to unfavorable conditions.
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
Induced mutations play a significant role in the crop improvement of vegetable crops. An experiment was conducted at College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta with an objective to establish the radiation quality and dose range for improvement of field bean. The seeds of TFB-2, a popular variety of field bean were treated with different doses of gamma rays viz., 10kR, 20kR, 30kR, 40kR, 50kR and 60kR using cobalt (Co) as a source of radiation. The irradiated seeds along with untreated control were sown in both petri plates and polybags. Germination percentage in petri plates were assessed after seven days. The germination percentage ranged from 35.55% to 80% in petri plates and 33.33% to 80.95% in polybags for different doses of gamma rays. In case of untreated control the germination percentage in petri plates and polybags was 93.33% and 93.65% respectively. The growth of the seedlings in polybags was assessed after 30 days. A decrease in the germination and retarded seedling growth (...
Influence of the Cobalt 60 Gamma Irradiation on Seed Germination and Growth of Corn Zea mays
The effect of the Cobalt-60 Gamma Irradiation on the corn Zea mays is the focus of this study. Through inducing radiation, seed germination and growth were recorded. 40 corn kernels were used, 30 of which were induced to radiation and 10 of which served as the control. These seeds were observed 3 days a week, amounting to 16 days. The corresponding average height were then recorded and tabularized. Data implied that the seeds induced with the highest gamma irradiate (50 kilo rad) yielded no results while the control obtained a similar result as to the 10 kilo rad. Radiation thus could help plants in the process of growth and development, yet increasing radiation yields to stunned growth and lower average height of plants.
Radiosensitivity and the Influence of Gamma Rays Irradiation on Local Samosir Shallots
2015
Bulbs of localSamosir Shallot with the weight ranging from 1,3 to1,7 g were irradiated by several doses of gamma rays in order to investigate the radiosensitivity and the effects of irradiatons on the plants. Dry bulbs 2,5 months after harvest were exposed to gamma raysradiation ranging from 0 Gy to 20 Gy to determine their responses to radiation stress and the effective radiation dose for identification of Lethal dose 50 (LD50). Percentage of shoot growth was measured on 35th days after planting. The variation in morphological and agronomic characters were also determined. The results indicated that increasing doses of gamma irradiation had significant effect on shoot growth. Increasing in gamma rays doses from 0 Gy to 11Gy had little effect on percentage of shoot growth.With the increase in radiation dosesabove 11Gy, agreat reduction in percentage of shoot growth was observed in irradiated bulbs as compa...
www.ijstr.org Effect Of Ionizing Radiation On Some Characteristics Of Seeds Of Wheat
2015
ABSTRACT: Seed irradiation during pre-sowing processes is one of the most effective methods to improve the plant production. This investigation was carried out to determine the effects of ionizing radiation on germination and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings. Therefore two separate experiments were, therefore, conducted 1. Using the filter paper method to assess the germination and rate and the initial seedling vigour indices I and II in the laboratory conditions. 2. Following a randomized complete block design with three replications in the field of the Nuclear Research Laboratory, IARI, New Delhi. Seeds of Wheat plant were irradiated with gamma rays at Control (0), 0.1, 0.15, 0.155, 0.16, 0.165, 0.17, 0.175, 0.18, 0.19, 0.20, 0.25 kGy on the Cobalt-60 Gamma irradiation chamber (GC-5000, dose rate 2.18 kGy/h) at the Laboratory. Irradiation doses depend on many conditions that involve exposure to the rays (type, quantity and radiation time) and behaviour of the irrad...
Germination Viability of Maize M1 Seeds (Zea mays L.) after Gamma Ray Irradiation
International Journal of Agriculture System, 2015
A series of researches was carried out to obtain mutant of maize induced by gamma rays irradiation. This initial report was from a study confirming the best dosage of irradiation at 50% lethal dosage (LD50) conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar from March to June 2012. The research was set up using split plot design of the Randomized Complete Block design. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Results showed that: Gamma ray dosage affected maize seed viability. The higher gamma ray dosage used resulted inmore inhibiton of maize seed germination. The best LD50 irradiation to induce putative mutation (M1) in maize seeds tested ranged from 100-200 Gy. The genotype Lamuru maize irradiated at 100 Gy were superior and were more viable with a percentage germination of 87.22% and vigor index of 4.48.
Effect of gamma rays on pod and seed production and economic yield in pinto bean cultivar of Khomein
Annals of Biological Research, 2012
Quantitative and qualitative crop increase is one of the most important basic and fundamental objectives in plant breeding. Generally used techniques of mutation and irradiation is gamma ray. A research was performed in the experimental field of yasouj Islamic Azad University, in 2008, in collaboration with the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran and the nuclear medicine department of Shiraz Namazi Hospital was performed. Due to low permeability and lack of ability to produce doses of high radiation X, the gamma-ray from cobalt 60 at doses (zero as a witness, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 Gy) was used to identify the intensity of radiation desired for understanding the changes desired phenotypic, morphological and physiological Pinto bean seeds on Khomein cultivar relative humidity from12 to14 percent were used which in this experiment a part of this research will be discussed. The results showed that exposure on the number per pod, seed number and economic yield in the 1 percent level ...