Gender Differences in Knowledge and Perception of Cardiovascular Disease among Italian Thalassemia Major Patients (original) (raw)
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Cardiovascular Risk Perception and Knowledge among Italian Women: Lessons from IGENDA Protocol
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2022
A multicenter, cross-sectional observational study (Italian GENder Differences in Awareness of Cardiovascular risk, IGENDA study) was carried out to evaluate the perception and knowledge of cardiovascular risk among Italian women. An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 4454 women (44.3 ± 14.1 years). The 70% of respondents correctly identified cardiovascular disease (CVD) as the leading cause of death. More than half of respondents quoted cancer as the greatest current and future health problem of women of same age. Sixty percent of interviewed women considered CVD as an almost exclusively male condition. Although respondents showed a good knowledge of the major cardiovascular risk factors, the presence of cardiovascular risk factors was not associated with higher odds of identifying CVD as the biggest cause of death. Less than 10% of respondents perceived themselves as being at high CVD risk, and the increased CVD risk perception was associated with ageing, higher frequency of...
BioMed research international, 2015
Background. The objectives of the study were to document knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of women regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the determinants associated. Materials and Methods. The cross-sectional survey was conducted among a random sample of 830 women older than 18 years from the general population in Italy. Results. Almost all participants reported having heard about CVDs, and among them 89.4% and 74.7% identified smoking and high cholesterol level as risk factors. Only 26.5% identified the main CVDs risk factors. Women more knowledgeable were married and better educated and self-perceived a worse health status. Only 23% knew the main CVDs preventive measures and this knowledge was significantly higher in women who are unemployed, who are more educated, who have received information about CVDs from physicians, and who know the main risk factors. Respondents with lower education, those with at least three children, those who self-perceived a worse health statu...
Knowledge and perception of cardiovascular disease risks of female university students
Journal of Community and Health Sciences, 2008
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD), traditionally thought of as a "man's disease", is the leading cause of death and disability amongst women world-wide. Research demonstrates a lack of knowledge and perceived susceptibility amongst women, especially in the younger age group. Aim: To evaluate knowledge and perception of CVD risks of female university students. Methods: Four hundred and thirty eight students completed a structured, self-administered questionnaire including items regarding knowledge, risk perception and risky behaviour regarding CVD. Results : Overall, 56.8 % of the participants were knowledgeable (; 70% correct answers) of CVD risks, with a mere 6.6% indicating heart disease as the greatest health risk for women. The White population (40.2%) was identified as the race most susceptib le to CVD. A significant relationship between risk perception and being informed of the risk of developing CVD (p=.OOO) and having a family history of CVD (p=.OOO) wa...
Patient Education and Counseling, 1998
The aim of this study was to explore sex differences in illness beliefs and behaviour in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Twenty-eight patients, 16 women and 12 men, were interviewed. The results show that both men and women think of CAD as a 'men's disease' and have equal knowledge of CAD risk factors. However, especially the men considered their own risk of developing CAD lower than their estimated probability of their own sex and as low as their estimated risk for women. Both men and women did not attribute their symptoms indicative of CAD to their heart. Women, especially those who did not attribute their symptoms to their heart, had a longer patient delay than men, although their symptoms were indicative of CAD. To conclude, men as well as women should be made more aware of their own risk of developing CAD and of the manifestation of CAD symptoms. Physicians could be encouraged to ask patients more explicitly and thoroughly about their illness beliefs, to check their knowledge and inform them about CAD. u 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.
Gender Differences in a Sample of People with Heart Disease
Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2017
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are not unique to either men or women, so that it is important to know what differences exist between the sexes, since it is a fact that the physical and psychosocial problems that distinguish them can influence the various areas of their health, particularly cardiovascular health. Objectives: To identify gender differences in a sample of people with heart disease. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study with descriptive and multivariate data analysis using logistic regression. Results: The data indicated that women are more anxious (OR = 2.78; p = 0.018), have low perceived control (OR = 3.06; p = 0.008), do not smoke (OR = 4.41; p = 0.028) and do not drink alcoholic beverages (OR = 5.67; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Nurses should be aware that gender differences between men and women make mean they differ in terms of cardiovascular risk. For this reason, they should be aware of the need to identify the factors that can influence the risk and define and implement interventions that reduce this risk for each gender.
Perception of cardiovascular risk and comparison with actual cardiovascular risk
Journal of …, 2009
Background Current guidelines recommend treating patients according to their absolute cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We examined perception of CVD risk among adults and how it can be compared with actual CVD risk. Methods The perception of CVD risk was assessed by two questions asking about participants' 'risk to get a heart attack or a stroke over the next 10 years' using semiquantitative and quantitative answers in a population-based survey of 816 individuals aged 40-64 years in the Seychelles (African region). Actual CVD risk was calculated using a standard risk prediction score and 24% of adults aged 40-64 years had elevated risk. Results Only 59% of individuals could give an estimate of perceived CVD risk based on the semiquantitative question and 31% based on the quantitative question. Reporting a perceived CVD risk was strongly associated with high socio-economic status (SES; odds ratio = 9). Among individuals who reported a perceived CVD risk, 48% overestimated their perceived risk versus their actual risk. Reporting a high perceived CVD risk was associated with treatment for CVD risk factors, older age, low SES, and overweight. Reporting a low perceived CVD risk was associated with male sex, younger age, education, normal BMI, and leisure time exercise. Conclusion Only half of the individuals could provide an estimate of their perceived CVD risk, and this perception was strongly associated with SES. Individuals under treatment perceived higher CVD risk than nontreated individuals. Further studies should determine how risk-related information can be better conveyed to individuals as a means to improve adherence to healthy lifestyles and/or treatment. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 16:556-561
Perception of risk of cardiovascular disease among early adulthood in Lucknow city
2017
Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess perception of risk of cardiovascular disease among early adults in Lucknow city and its association with demographic variables. Background: Assuming risk perception in a healthy manner may lead to healthy behavioural changes leading to better health outcomes. Design: A descriptive study. Methods: Using descriptive statistics and regression analysis, a convenience sample of 250 adults was used. Results: A total 62% individuals perceived themselves at a risk of heart disease, of which age, gender and employment had a strong association with risk perception. The mean and SD for total risk perception among male and female was 47.46±5.26 and 49.05±4.5 respectively, thus women assuming more risk perception than men. Age had a strong and significant association with dread risk (β=0.185, p<.01) and Risk (β=0.036, p<.01) with no significant association with Unknown risk and total risk. Meanwhile Gender had a marginal significant association with total risk ((β=0.1.235 p<.10) and significant association with unknown risk (β=0.903, p<.05). Also the perception of risk according to the type of family had no significant association. Employment had a significant association with unknown risk (β=0.2.736, p<.05) and less association with Total risk (β=0.464, p<.10). Women's living alone and in step families, individuals in age group (30-35), and retired respondents perceived the risk most. Conclusion: Our data indicates that educational intervention is needed among adults to enhance their awareness and reduce their risk perception. The information gained from this present study will help to further implement policies to combat the health of people who are at the risk of developing CVD or are already suffering from.
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2011
To describe gender differences in both risk perception and actual coronary risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: 33 females and 67 males with documented CAD completed a questionnaire designed to assess CAD risk perception. They also underwent assessments for all ACSM risk factors. Five-point Likert scale responses to the question "Compared to others of your own age and gender, how would you rate your risk of ever having a heart attack?" were used to quantify CAD risk perception. To quantify actual risk, the number of ACSM risk markers for each subject was tabulated. It should be noted that, since all of the subjects had active CAD, they were all at high risk. Tabulations and Likert scale responses were compared using Chi-square analysis or Fisher's Exact test with significance accepted at p<0.05. To further assess risk perception accuracy, Chi-square analysis with predetermined expected cell count percentages was used. RESULTS: Likert responses for perceived risk between genders were not significantly different but showed perception inaccuracies of the entire cohort. Only 41% of the subjects perceived their risk as "higher" or "much higher" than their peers while 27% perceived their risk as lower or much lower. 32% of the subjects perceived their risk to be the same as their peers. Comparison of risk marker number between genders was significantly different (Fisher's exact test, p = .046) with males having 33% more markers than females. Chi-square analysis using an expected cell percentage of 75% in the "higher" Likert category, 25% in the "much higher" Likert category, and fractions of 1 in the other categories revealed significance (p<.0001) with only 29.8% of subject responses in the "higher" category and 11.9% in the "much higher" category. The female cohort showed similar results with test percentages of 73% in the "higher" category and 27% in the "much higher" category. Responses were significantly different (p<.0001) with only 30% choosing the "higher" category and 10% choosing the "much higher" category. CONCLUSIONS: Although significant differences in actual cardiac risk exist between genders in a cohort of cardiac patients, perceived risks are not significantly different. Both genders greatly underestimate their risk.
Knowledge and attitude on cardiovascular diseases among women in selected areas of Dhaka city
2017
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality not only in Bangladesh but also all over the world. In Bangladesh, Women are more vulnerable group in all socio economic indexes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 women from Dhaka City. Samples were chosen purposively Data were collected by semi structured self administered questionnaire. Questionnaire was based on Likert scale. Data analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for Social Science-17.0 for windows. 75.4% respondent were in the age group of 18-35 years (Mean 30.56, Min:18 years and Max: 68 years). Majority (89%) were married & Muslim (99%) by religion, half of the participant (49.3%) were completed only primary education which indicate the poor status of women education in Bangladesh. The family size of most of the respondent (58%) are 4-6. Very few respondent have large family. It was found that 56.7 % of respondents had good knowledge, 8.3 percent had satisfactory knowledge, 1.7% had excellent knowledge and the remaining 29 percent had poor knowledge regarding cardiovascular diseases. The study revealed that among the total respondent, 99.7% women showed negative attitude & told that they would never involved in smoking. On the other hand 27.7% women show negative attitude & told that the take non smoke tobacco. Among women 56.67% respondent attitude were Moderately Favorable followed by 29% respondents were Favorable followed. Remaining 14.33% respondent attitude were favorable attitude. This study revealed that good knowledge as well as positive attitude towards major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among the women is unsatisfactory. Socio-demographic factors for good knowledge and good knowledge for the development of positive attitude play vital role. The problem of cardiovascular diseases cannot be solved by Government alone. For effective prevention and control of cardiovascular disease, Govt. & private organization need to make integrated initiative in order to minimize the problem.