5 Inhibitors; Tooth Movement Techniques Journal of Dentistry (original) (raw)
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Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 2016
Objectives: Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that mediates mechanical bone loading. Cyclic guanosine 3′, 5′ monophosphate (cGMP) is a NO-induced effector molecule. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of NO-cGMP pathway on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats by use of two phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors namely sildenafil and tadalafil as chemical tools. Materials and Methods: Forty-five male Wistar rats were divided into three equal groups (n=15) based on the substance they received. The first group received daily injections of tadalafil; the second group received daily injections of sildenafil and the third group received daily injections of normal saline. The orthodontic appliances consisted of nickel-titanium closed-coil spring ligated between the maxillary right incisor and the first molar of the animals for 21 days. The amount of tooth movement was measured in all three groups at the end of this period. Histological analysis was performed to assess...
The effect of drugs on orthodontic tooth movement
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research, 2006
Authors-Krishnan V, Davidovitch Z Objective-Molecules produced in various diseased tissues, or drugs and nutrients consumed regularly by patients, can reach the mechanically stressed paradental tissues through the circulation, and interact with local target cells. The combined effect of mechanical forces and one or more of these agents may be inhibitory, additive or synergistic. The objective of this review is to outline the mechanisms of action and effects of some commonly used drugs on tissue remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement. Design-All the existing published literature on the effects of various drugs that are prescribed by orthodontists, which are consumed by patients for systemic diseases and those that are known to promote and retard the tooth movement process was obtained and subjected to thorough review process. Results-All the drugs reviewed have therapeutic effects, as well as side effects, that may influence the cells targeted by orthodontic forces. Therefore, it is imperative that the orthodontist pays close attention to the drug consumption history of each and every patient, before and during the course of orthodontic treatment. When the use of drugs is revealed, their effects and side effects on tissue systems should be explored, to determine their potential influence on the outcome of mechanotherapy. Conclusion-Drug-consumption history must be an integral part of every orthodontic diagnosis and treatment plan.
Modulation of Various Biomarkers Under the Effect of Various Drugs During Orthodontic Tooth Movement
International Journal of Advanced Research
The biological processes that come into play during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) have been shown to be influenced by a variety of pharmacological agents. The effects of such agents are of particular relevance to the clinician as the rate of tooth movement can be accelerated or reduced as a result. The aim of the present review is to summarize the knowledge of these biomarkers which could be used in accelerating or manipulating orthodontic treatment under the effect of routinely prescribed drugs which impact and modulate these biomarkers and in turn the orthodontic tooth movement.
SciDoc Publishers, 2021
In orthodontics, anchorage is prevention of unwanted tooth movement. Anchorage has an important role in the orthodontic treatment of almost all types of malocclusions. Good anchorage control helps to achieve excellent treatment results. It means that there is a minimal or no movement of the anchorage unit during the orthodontic treatment. The movement of the anchorage unit can be related to the Newton’s Third Law of Motion, where every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Here, the movement of the desired teeth is the “action”, whereas movement of the anchorage unit is the “reaction” [1]. Various methods have been designed to enhance the anchorage control, namely, headgears, transpalatal arch, Nance palatal arch, lingual stabilizing arch, intermaxillary elastics, miniscrews, mini-plates, mini-implants, pharmacological agents etc.
The effect of azathioprine on orthodontic tooth movement
Egyptian Orthodontic Journal, 2005
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Azathioprine (Imuran) on orthodontic tooth movement. The study was conducted on thirty male white Newzeland rabbits. Orthodontic appliance was fixed to each rabbit to apply mesial force on the left maxillary first molar. The rabbits were then divided into two equal groups (Imuran and control groups). In the Imuran group each animal was given a daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg/BW of Azathioprine (Imuran, Glaxo Wellcome, Dartfod, England) in 1 ml solvent (0.01 M NaOH in 0.9%NaCl). Each animal of the control group was given 1 ml of the solvent as a placebo. Both groups were subdivided into three equal subgroups according to the time of evaluation; one day, one week and two weeks. At the predetermined time the maxilla was dissected. The distances of orthodontic tooth mevments were measured. Histological sections parallel to the long axis of the left maxilary first molar were prepared. The sections were stained either by H&E or PAS stains. The changes in the surrounding alveolar bone were monitored. The number and activity of osteoclasts were evaluated. The results revealed that there was no significant defference between the tooth movements occured in the Imuran and control subgroups after one day (P < 0.05). After one and two weeks, the tooth movements were significantly higher in the control subgroups than the Imuran subgroups (P > 0.05). The histological findings showed no difference in the number and activity of osteoclasts in the pressure sides in both control and Imuran subgroups after one day (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the number and actvity
Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic literature review
Introduction: Recently, several reviews have been published on the effects of medications on bone physiology and the clinical side effects in orthodontics. However, the effects of medications on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement have not been evaluated. Methods: A systematic literature review on the effects of medications and dietary supplements on the rate of experimental tooth movement was performed by using PubMed (1953-Oct 2007), Web of Science, and Biosis, complemented by a hand search. Results: Forty-nine articles were included in the review, but their interpretation was hindered by the variability in experimental design, magnitude of force applied during tooth movement, and medication regimens. Therapeutic administration of eicosanoids resulted in increased tooth movement, whereas their blocking led to a decrease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) decreased tooth movement, but non-NSAID analgesics, such as paracetamol (acetaminophen), had no effect. Corticosteroid hormones, parathyroid hormone, and thyroxin have all been shown to increase tooth movement. Estrogens probably reduce tooth movement, although no direct evidence is available. Vitamin D3 stimulates tooth movement, and dietary calcium seemed to reduce it. Bisphosphonates had a strong inhibitory effect. Conclusions: Medications might have an important influence on the rate of tooth movement, and information on their consumption is essential to adequately discuss treatment planning with patients. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009;135: 16-26)
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
AIM: Acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement has gained a massive interest to decrease the total treatment time. Local pharmacological agents might be used for that purpose as a practical, effective and inexpensive alternative. A systematic review was achieved to evaluate the evidence in that topic. METHODS: A search was conducted on electronic databases including PubMed, Lilacs, Web of Science (Thompson Reuters), EMBASE (OvidSP), and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Wiley) in addition to hand searching of relevant journals till June 2018. Only studies written in English were utilised. Publications were selected, assessed systematically and graded by two observers according to Bondemark grading system. RESULTS: Only two human studies were found investigating the effect of Relaxin and Prostaglandins in the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. No obvious side effects were reported. Relaxin showed no increase in the rate of tooth movement while prostaglandin showed a marked i...