Direct exposure to mild heat stress stimulates cell viability and heat shock protein expression in primary cultured broiler fibroblasts (original) (raw)
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Thermal manipulation during embryogenesis has been shown to improve thermo tolerance in broilers. Heat shock proteins are a family of proteins produced in response to variety of stress and protect cells from damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermal manipulation (TM) during embryogenesis on HSP gene and protein expression in the embryos and in chronic heat stressed 42nd day old chicks. On 15th day of incubation, fertile eggs from two breeds-Naked neck (NN) and Punjab Broiler-2 (PB-2) were randomly divided in to two groups, namely Control (C) eggs were incubated under standard incubation conditions and Thermal Conditioning (TC) eggs were exposed to higher incubation temperature (40.5 °C) for 3 h on 15th, 16th and 17th day of incubation. The chicks so obtained from each group were further subdivided and reared from 15th–42nd day as normal (N; 257 1 °C, 70% RH) and heat exposed (HE; 357 1 °C, 50% RH) resulting in four treatment groups (CN, CHE, TCN and TCHE). Embryos of two groups (C and TC) on 17th day and birds from four treatment groups on 42nd day were sacrificed. Liver was collected for analysis of gene expression by real-time PCR and protein expression by Western blot of Heat Shock Proteins (HSP 90 alpha, HSP 90 beta, HSP 70, HSP 60, HSP 27 and ubiquitin). The plasma collected on 42nd day was analyzed for biochemical parameters. Thermal challenging of embryos of both the breeds caused significant (Pr 0.05) increase in all the HSPs gene and protein expression. The TCHE chicks had significantly (Pr 0.05) lower HSPs gene and protein expressions and oxidative stress compared to CHE groups in both NN and PB-2. Based on these findings it can be concluded that TM during incubation provides adaptation to broiler chicks during chronic heat stress.
Keywords: Heat shock factor-3 Heat shock protein 47 Heat shock protein 70 Heat shock protein 108 Thermal manipulation Effects of thermal manipulation during broiler chicken embryonic days 12–18 on body temperature (T b) and mRNA expressions of Hsp108, Hsp70, Hsp47 and Hsf-3 in muscle, heart and brain tissues during subsequent thermal challenge (TC) were investigated. Fertile chicken eggs were divided randomly into four groups (n = 375): eggs in the control group were maintained at 37.8 °C and 56% (RH). Eggs in TM 1 group were subjected to TM at 39 °C for 9 h during ED 12–18. Eggs in the TM 2 and TM 3 groups were subjected to the same protocol of TM 1 except for increasing the period of exposure to 12 h and 18 h, respectively. During TC (43 °C for 6 h) at days 10 and 28, T b of TM chicks was significantly lower compared to controls. Furthermore, significant changes in mRNA expressions of Hsp108, Hsp70 and Hsp47 in muscle, heart and brain tissues were observed.
The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the Hsp-70, 27 and Ubiquitin mRNA expressions and serum T3 concentration in synthetic colored broiler female lines, Punjab Broiler-2 (PB-2), and Naked neck (NN) broiler chicken whose eggs were exposed to 2C increased incubation temperature for 3 hours each on the 16th, 17 th, and 18th day of incubation. Another set of eggs were incubated at normal conditions that were utilized as the control. A total of 432 chicks, 216 from each breed (PB-2; NN) and treatment (Heat exposed: HE; normal: N), were randomly distributed and reared at high ambient temperatures (32C-45C) during the summer season in battery brooders. Birds were sacrificed at 0 and the 28th day post hatch and different tissues (heart, liver, muscle, spleen, and bursa) were collected to study Hsps and ubiquitin mRNA expression. There was no difference between the breeds and age of slaughter in Hsp-70 mRNA expression. The Hsp( 70, 27, and ubiquitin) mRNA expression was significantly (P0.001) lower in HE birds than that of N birds in PB-2 chickens. Nonsignificant variation was observed in NN chicken. The Hsp-70 mRNA expression was highest in bursa and lowest in muscle and liver. Serum T3 concentration was similar in both HE and N birds. The study concludes that exposure to increased temperature during incubation results in reduced expressions of Hsp mRNA in almost all tissues indicating better thermotolerance of the HE birds.
Animal Biotechnology, 2020
Satellite cells promote muscle repairing and muscle growth. Thereby the intention of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of heat stress at different time intervals on chicken satellite cells' viability. Satellite cells were isolated from 1-day-old chicks and treated at two different temperatures (37 C and 41 C) for various time periods (6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h). Both temperatures significantly increased cell viability after 24 h and 48 h. After 12 h, cell viability was significantly increased at 41 C compared to 37 C. However, more apoptotic cells were observed at end of the experiment of 41 C compared to 37 C. In addition, more live cells were found at early of experimental period at 41 C than 37 C. Additionally, protein and mRNA expression of HSP70, HP60 and HSP47 were significantly upregulated throughout the experimental period at temperature of 41 C compared to those at 37 C. These results indicate that cell viability and expression of heat stress related proteins/genes are induced by high temperature of 41 C via heat stress pathway whereas activation of heat stress related proteins/genes are lower at 37 C. Thus, 41 C can trigger satellite cells' viability essential for better cell survival than 37 C at early incubation time.
Heat Shock Protein and thermal stress in chicken
Chicken has been selected for higher production performance over the years and are highly sensitive to changes in their environment. The average global temperature has increased over the century and is further expected to rise. In open house rearing system chicken is vulnerable to this increasing environmental temperature and may experience thermal stress. Heat shock proteins (HSP) are highly conserved family of proteins playing important role in normal cellular physiology and cytoprotection against different stressors including heat stress. In chicken levels of different members of HSP family are increased in almost all the tissues in response to heat stress. This increased HSP level protects cellular proteins from heat stress induced damage. Efforts to overcome the heat stress conditions in chicken have lead to development of thermal manipulation protocols whereby epigenetic modifications are introduced. Through epigenetic adaptation the birds acquire protection against the adverse effects of heat stress. This chapter discusses the findings on cellular HSP responses to heat stress and the thermal manipulation strategy to overcome heat stress in chicken.
Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 2018
The effects of oxidative stress induced by high temperature on the cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative status of chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEF) were analyzed. The viability, proliferation, apoptotic and anti-oxidative status were measured after incubating CEF at the temperatures of 37ºC (control) and 40-44ºC (experimental groups) for 6,12 and 24 hours. The results showed that at high temperature (42-43ºC), the viability of CEF cells decreased after 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation, but the difference was significant only at 43ºC. Cell proliferation was significantly reduced at 44 o C/6h. The apoptotic rate of CEF cells was increased following heat treatments in a time-dependent manner. ROS formation increased with increasing temperature, but the difference was only significant at 44ºC/6,12h. Heat stress did not significantly affect the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. CAT activity was significantly decreased at 43ºC/24h and 44ºC/12 and 24h. Malondialdehyde (MDA) formation was significantly increased at 43ºC/12h and 44ºC/12 and 24h. In conclusion, heat stress induced the oxidative stress, decreasing the viability, proliferation and anti-oxidative response of CEF cells.
Effect of Post-Hatch Heat-Treatment in Heat-Stressed Transylvanian Naked Neck Chicken
Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2021
Simple Summary Heat stress due to high environmental temperature negatively influences animal productivity. Extensive studies have been carried out to evaluate the mechanisms of heat stress in chickens. It was shown that the expression level of heat-shock factors (HSFs) and heat-shock proteins (HSPs) were affected. Tissue-specific responses to the thermal challenge were also found in the heart, liver and muscle. Our study examined the changes in primary production parameters and four heat-shock factor and two heat-shock protein expression profiles in chicken gonads. In the first experiment, 24 h after hatching, 80 Transylvanian Naked Neck chickens were heat-treated at 38.5 °C ambient temperature with 60% humidity for 12 h. In this experiment, we studied the primary productivity parameters of matured chickens after the performed heat stress. In the second experiment, the heat treatment was the same, and we examined the expression pattern of heat-shock factors and heat-shock proteins ...
Background: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of different thermal manipulation (TM) protocols during embryogenesis on thermotolerance acquisition parameters during subsequent thermal challenge (TC) at posthatch day 28. A total of 1500 fertile chicken eggs were divided randomly into five treatments (300 eggs each): control was maintained at 37.8 °C and 56 % relative humidity (RH) whereas, TM 1, TM 2, TM 3 and TM 4 were subjected to 38.5, 39, 39.5 and 40 °C for 18 h and 65 % RH daily during embryonic days ED 12–18. Hatched chicks from each treatment group allocated randomly into two sub-treatment groups (thermo-neutral, naïve (TN) and thermal challenge (TC). At day 28 of age, chicks subjected to TC by adjusting room temperature to 42 °C for 6 h while naïve chicks kept under regular conditions (22 ± 1 °C and 50–60 % RH). Chick's response to TC evaluated by determination of plasma T 3 , T 4 , corticosterone, total proteins, albumin, selected enzymes and some electrolytes at the beginning (0 h) and after 1, 3 and 5 h of TC in TM and TN chicks. Furthermore, pectoral and thigh muscles mRNA expression of Atrogin-1, CK, avUCP, DIO3, DIO2 were evaluated in TC and TN sub-treatment groups.
Keywords: Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) Heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) Heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) Thermotolerance Thermal manipulation A B S T R A C T The effect of thermal manipulation (TM) during embryogenesis (ED 12–18) on mRNA expressions of heat shock proteins (Hsp90, Hsp60 and HSF-1) in muscle, heart and brain tissues during thermal challenge (TC) at post-hatching days 10 and 28 was investigated. Fertile chicken eggs were randomly divided into four groups: Control group (37.8 °C), TM1 (39 °C for 9 h), TM2 (39 °C for 12 h) and TM3 (39 °C for 18 h). At days 10 and 28 of age, chicks in TC groups were subjected to thermal challenge (TC) at 43.0 °C for 6 h while naïve chicks were kept under regular conditions. When compared with the control, TM resulted in a significant increase in mRNA levels of Hsp90, Hsp60 and HSF-1in muscle, heart and brain tissues during embryogenesis and during TC at days 10 and 28 post-hatching. These results indicate a long-term enhancement of Hsp90, Hsp60 and HSF-1 gene expressions associated with improved thermotolerance acquisition in thermally manipulated chicks.
The hsp70 EXPRESSION PROFILING IN FAYOUMI AND MATROUH CHICKEN SUBJECTED TO HEAT STRESS
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2021
The present study was undertaken to test the effect of heat stress (39 °C) for 4 hours on hsp70 mRNA profiling in two chicken genotypes. Expression levels of hsp70 were used to assess the heat tolerance of two Egyptian local genotypes (Fayoumi and Matrouh). The expression level of the hsp70 gene is high in the Fayoumi type as opposed to the Matrouh type. In blood, after four hours of exposure, the hsp70 mRNA expression analysis revealed higher expression levels. These results showed that the acquired thermotolerance is positively linked to the stress memory. Within the two genotypes, Fayoumi type exhibited the highest means for hsp70 production, and therefore the heat stress is better tolerated, which indicates that Fayoumi mortality rate might be lower genetically under heat stress.