Influence of extraction techniques on the characteristics of Sambucus Nigra L. extracts (original) (raw)
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Antioxidant Potential and Effect of Extraction Solvent on Total Phenol Content, Flavonoids
2018
Ficus palmata Forssk is evergreen, scandent shrubs, is widely distributed in most tropical countries and has been used frequently in folk medicine for varied purpose to treat different kinds of pathologies particularly diabetes, inflammation owing to the presence of numerous phytochemical constituent's residing the plant. In recent years much attention has been devoted to natural antioxidant and their association with health benefits. Plants are the potential source of natural antioxidants. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant activity (in vitro) of four extracts from stem bark of Ficus palmata Forssk and to determine phenolic content and flavonoids content of all extracts. The present study was aimed at estimation of total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins in the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts of the stem bark of Ficus palmate F. Comparative antioxidant potential was evaluated using DPPH, Nitric Oxide scavenging assay and ferric reducing power assay. The contents were determined by spectrophotometric assays by measuring the absorbance at different wavelengths. Total phenolic content were estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method; the total tannin content was estimated by Folin-Denis method whereas the total flavonoid content was estimated by aluminium chloride colourimetric method. The methanol extract showed highest concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins with petroleum ether extract reporting the least; ranging between 40.91-78.75 μg /mg of gallic acid equivalent, 54.44-112.31 μg/mg of (±)-catechin equivalents and 33.48-67.48 μg/mg of tannic acid, Methanol and ethyl acetate extract gave an IC50 of 98.931 ± 2.486, 85.919 ± 1.976 and 93.457 ± 2.487, 74.243 ± 1.987 for DPPH and Nitric oxide scavenging activities respectively. The results clearly indicate that Ficus. palmata Forssk is a rich source of phenolics, the basis of its traditional use in different systems of medicines.
Phytochemical Analysis, 2010
Introduction -Polyphenolic phytochemicals in traditionally used medicinal plants act as powerful antioxidants, which aroused an increasing interest in their application in functional food development. Objective -The effect of extraction time (5 and 15 min) and hydrolysis on the qualitative and quantitative content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of six traditionally used medicinal plants (Melissa officinalis L., Thymus serpyllum L., Lavandula officinalis Miller, Rubus fruticosus L., Urtica dioica L., and Olea europea L.) were investigated.
Molecules, 2009
The effects of four extracting solvents [absolute ethanol, absolute methanol, aqueous ethanol (ethanol: water, 80:20 v/v) and aqueous methanol (methanol: water, 80:20 v/v)] and two extraction techniques (shaking and reflux) on the antioxidant activity of extracts of barks of Azadirachta indica, Acacia nilotica, Eugenia jambolana, Terminalia arjuna, leaves and roots of Moringa oleifera, fruit of Ficus religiosa, and leaves of Aloe barbadensis were investigated. The tested plant materials contained appreciable amounts of total phenolic contents (0.31-16.5 g GAE /100g DW), total flavonoid (2.63-8.66 g CE/100g DW); reducing power at 10 mg/mL extract concentration (1.36-2.91), DPPH . scavenging capacity (37.2-86.6%), and percent inhibition of linoleic acid (66.0-90.6%). Generally higher extract yields, phenolic contents and plant material antioxidant activity were obtained using aqueous organic solvents, as compared to the respective absolute organic solvents. Although higher extract yields were obtained by the refluxing extraction technique, in general higher amounts of total phenolic contents and better antioxidant activity were found in the extracts prepared using a shaker.
Molecules
The aim of this publication is to present rapid screening methods (visual/colorimetric) that will enable quick identification of the presence of biologically active compounds in aqueous solutions. For this reason, 26 plant extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction were analysed for the content of these compounds. Higher plants, used as a raw material for extraction, are common in Europe and are easily available. The article proposes a comparison of various protocols for the identification of various compounds, e.g., phenolic compounds (phenols, tannins, anthocyanins, coumarins, flavones, flavonoids), vitamin C, quinones, quinines, resins, glycosides, sugars. Initial characterisation of the composition of plant extracts using fast and inexpensive methods allows you to avoid the use of time-consuming analyses with the use of advanced research equipment. In addition, the antioxidant activity of plant extracts using spectrophotometric methods (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP assay) and quant...
Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research
In the present investigation 18 plants belonging to 12 families were randomly selected and different solvent extracts were prepared both by MSE and TSE of different plants and were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity. The MSE of the each of the plant material was performed at 80 0 C in Teflon vessels of the Ethos E. Microwave Extraction System (Milestone, Inc. Monroe, CT) while TSE was performed by conventional method. The methanol extracts prepared by MSE method showed maximum yield in comparison to other solvent extracts prepared by MSE and TSE. The plant extracts were then after evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, Superoxide Anion radical scavenging Activity and Total Phenolic Content (TPC). The results indicate that extracts prepared by MSE technique showed potent antioxidant activity in comparison to the extracts prepared by TSE method.
Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
This study examined the antioxidant chemical constituents (total phenolic and total flavonoid contents) and antioxidant activities [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] of different solvent extracts of eighteen functional plants. The active components of the target plants were extracted using four different solvents (methanol, ethanol, chloroform, and water). Mentha piperascens leaf exhibited a higher total phenolic content (chloroform and water extracts), total flavonoid content (all solvent extracts), DPPH radical scavenging activity (methanol, ethanol, and water extracts), ABTS radical scavenging activity (water extract), and FRAP radical scavenging activity (water extract) (in all solvent extracts). Similarly, Petasites japonicas root was another excellent and competent extract with a high total flavonoid content (in all four solvent extracts), DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity (methanol, ethanol, and water extracts), and FRAP activity (methanol, ethanol, and water extracts) (in all solvent extracts). Rubus coreanus fruit had the highest total phenolic content (methanol, ethanol, and water extracts), DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activate (in all solvent extracts), and FRAP in its water extract were the two most effective functional plants. Based on the abundance of antioxidant chemical constituents and the most potent antioxidant activity demonstrated in this study, extracts from M. piperascens leaf, P. japonicas root, and R. coreanus fruit appear to be promising candidates to meet the current demand for natural preservatives in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Separation and Determination of Selected Polyphenols from Medicinal Plants
Journal of Chromatographic Science, 2018
A study of the simultaneous separation and determination of selected polyphenols (rutin, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, quercetin, naringenin, kaempferol and hesperetin) with reported effects in the treatment of depression and cardiac and neurodegenerative diseases was performed. An RP-ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-ultraviolet method for analyte separation and determination was successfully developed and validated for a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 RRHD analytical column. Separation was carried out in gradient elution mode with acetonitrile and water modified with 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid. In the selected working range, the method linearity was satisfactory, with coefficients of determination >0.99. The precision and accuracy did not exceed the acceptable limits of 15%. The method was used to compare 16 different SPE sorbents for medicinal plant sample preparation in terms of analyte recoveries and matrix purification. The analysis of real samples was carried out for Menthae piperitae (predominant analyte was rutin), Hypericum perforatum (predominant analyte was rutin), Salvia officinalis (predominant analyte was kaempferol) and their derived products, enabling a comparison of different plant materials. Additional confirmation by UPHLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was performed. For the chiral aglycones naringenin and hesperetin, the determination of individual enantiomers was also performed with a Chiralpak AD-3R analytical column.
Assessment of antioxidant capacity of some extracts for further use in therapy
Salviae and Plantago species are plants known as having antioxidant effects. The aim of the study was to compare in vitro the antioxidant capacity of these medicinal plants from two different areas of Romania (Bihor and Arad counties) in order to use it in the future in the field of pharmacology and medicine. An UV-Vis spectra fingerprint (250-800 nm) of ethanol extracts from Salviae and Plantago species was recorded in order to establish the maximum absorption, specifically bioactive compounds. The bioactive compounds from those two extracts, polyphenols types were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the total flavonoids have been determined through a spectrophotometric method. Antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated by the following methods: DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt) and FRAP (the Ferric reducing antioxidant power). The results shown, that Salviae species are rich in polyphenols, while Plantago is rich in flavonoids being a good reason for their association.
Effect of Extraction Solvents on Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activity of Medicinal
2016
This study was conducted to determine the most effective solvent for extraction of polyphenols and antioxidant activity of medicinally important coastal halophytes (Thespesia populneoides, Salvadora persica, Ipomoea pes-caprae, Suaeda fruticosa and Pluchea lanceolata) known for high antioxidant potential. Five different solvents (water, 80% methanol, 80% ethanol, acetone and chloroform) were used to quantify polyphenols including total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC) and proanthocyanidin contents (PC) and antioxidant capacity using DPPH radical scavenging and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities. Among solvents of different polarities 80% methanol appeared most effective for polyphenol extraction. Thespesia populneoides had the highest polyphenols (TPC, TFC and PC) followed by Salvadora persica. Highest antioxidant activity was also found in T. populneoides and S. persica using the same solvent (80% methanol) which appeared better than synthetic antioxidants (BH...