Measuring Religiosity and Its Effects on Personal Well-Being: A Case Study of Muslim Female Academicians in Malaysia (original) (raw)
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This study seeks to measure religiosity in an Islamic context and to assess its effects on the personal well-being of Muslims. The determinants of religiosity included under this research are prayer, beliefs, and worship. This research also attempts to examine the coping strategies Muslims use to deal with life problems and changes such as prayer, supplication, trust and reliance on God, remembrance of death, and concept of life after death. Today, many scales of religiosity are being put into use among Muslims. This study measures religiosity and its effects on the well-being of Muslim academicians. The researchers used 315 Muslim female of academic staff as respondents, working in Research Universities in the Klang Valley such as University of Malaya, National University and Putra University area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Their ages ranged from 30 to 60 years. The results of this study show that there exists a positive yet significant correlation between personal well-being and religiosity. The well-being also shows significant positive correlations with beliefs and worship and prayer.
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 2021
High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychological distress among university students compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among university students and to examine the factors associated with them. This was cross sectional study involving 467 Bachelor degree students from various faculties in Universiti Teknologi MARA. Participants were assessed using the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Hatta Islamic Religiosity Index 1996 (HIRS96) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). This study highlighted relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of UiTM Shah Alam. We also found consistent significant association between negative religious coping with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Consistent with the earlier studies done among Muslim samples, the positive religious coping is not significantly associated with better psychological outcomes although only small effect was observed towards the depressive symptoms.
Malaysian Muslim university students Abstract A major focus of attention in psychology has been on the consequences and determinants of wellbeing. Religiosity and personality have both been shown to predict well-being and mental health, but the two predictors have not often been investigated together. The relations among well-being outcomes and motives, religiosity, and personality factors were investigated in a Malay Muslim context. In this cross-sectional study, 255 volunteer university students completed Satisfaction with Life Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, Rosenberg"s Self-Esteem Scale, Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities, Religious Orientation Scale-Revised, Gratitude toward God Questionnaire, and the 60-item HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as partial correlation, and hierarchical regression.
Applied Research in Quality of Life, 2009
This study explores the relationships between religiosity, Meaning in Life and Subjective Wellbeing (SWB) in a sample of 495 Muslim students (330 Females, and 165 males) from Algeria. Their Mean age is 21.26 (SD2.30). Relying on experts' judgments and pilot-testing, a Comprehensive Measure of Islamic Religiosity (CMIR) has been developed. It consists of 60 items covering four broad areas with high inter-correlations: Religious Belief, Religious Practice, Religious Altruism, and Enrichment of religious experience. A short version of the 'Presence of Meaning in Life' (PML) scale, Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) are also administered in one set of questionnaires, together with religiosity items. The results indicate that Religious Belief and Religious Altruism significantly contribute in providing subjects with meaning in life. Nevertheless, Hierarchical Regression Analyses show that only Religious Belief makes a significant contribution in both SWLS and PWI. But, this effect has almost totally been accounted for by Meaning in life in the second step. Comparisons on the basis of the demographic characteristics show that males marginally differ from females (p<.05) in Religious Altruism, but these latter are higher in SWLS (p<.05). Moreover, it has been shown that students of science score marginally higher in Belief and Practice and also in PML, and SWLS compared to their counterparts of Arts studies. Though no differences are found in the strength of religious belief in subjects from rural and urban location, the former have generally higher scores on other religiosity subscales. This trend is slightly reversed in PWI (p<.05).
2013
The psychological well-being of a family is a subjective matter for evaluation, all the more when it involves the element of religions, whether Islam, Christianity, Buddhism or Hinduism. Each of these religions emphasises similar values and morals on family psychological well-being. This comparative study is specifically to determine the role of religion on family psychological well-being in Pekan district, Pahang, Malaysia. The study adopts a quantitative and qualitative mixed method design and considers a total of 412 samples of parents and children for the quantitative study, and 21 samples for the qualitative study. The quantitative study uses simple random sampling, whereas the qualitative sampling is purposive. The instrument for quantitative study is Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale and the qualitative study involves the construction of a guidelines protocol for in-depth interviews of respondents. The quantitative study uses the SPSS version .19 with One Way Anova, a...
Religiosity among Muslims: A Scale Development and Validation Study
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia
While religiosity as a field of inquiry has been gaining research interest in recent years, a central issue about its conceptualisation, measurement, and relationships with work outcomes remains unresolved. The aims of this paper are: (1) to introduce a new scale designed to measure religiosity among Muslims, based on an Islamic perspective that centres on the bodily action or human activity (Islam), the mind or understanding of God (iman), and the spirit or actualisation of virtue and goodness (ihsan); and (2) to demonstrate how religiosity relates to various work outcomes. We followed a rigorous multi-steps scale development procedure using four empirical studies involving 703 participants. The final scale yielded one factor with 10 underlying items. Our results showed that religiosity was positively correlated with job satisfaction, positive work behaviour, workplace integrity, and organisational commitment, but negatively correlated with antagonistic work behaviour. This new scale also showed incremental validity over an existing Muslim attitude scale in predicting organisational commitment and integrity. Overall, this new scale demonstrates good psychometric properties and is a promising tool for the measurement of religiosity among Muslims in organisational settings. Religiusitas pada Muslim: Pengembangan Skala dan Validasi Studi Abstrak Meski belakangan ini religiusitas telah mendapatkan perhatian riset-riset, masalah fundamental tentang konseptualisasi, pengukuran, dan hubungan dengan kinerja individu dalam organisasi masih belum terpecahkan. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah: (1) memperkenalkan skala baru yang disusun untuk mengukur religiusitas pada Muslim di mana ini didasari oleh perspektif Islam yang berpusat pada perilaku atau aktivitas manusia (Islam), benak atau pemahaman akan Tuhan (iman), dan semangat aktualisasi nilai-nilai dan kebaikan (ihsan); dan (2) menunjukkan bagaimana religiusitas bisa berhubungan dengan berbagai kinerja kerja individu. Kami melakukan pengembangan skala lewat beberapa tahapan ketat menggunakan empat studi empiris dengan 703 partisipan. Skala akhir terdiri atas satu faktor dengan 10 aitem. Hasil juga menunjukkan bahwa religiusitas berkorelasi positif dengan kepuasan kerja, perilaku kerja positif, integritas kerja, dan komitmen organisasi, serta berkorelasi negatif dengan perilaku kerja antagonistik. Secara umum, skala baru ini menunjukkan properti psikometrik yang baik dan bisa menjadi instrumen menjanjikan untuk mengukur religiusitas Muslim di lingkungan organisasi.
ADAPTATION OF A MUSLIM RELIGIOSITY SCALE FOR USE WITH FOUR DIFFERENT FAITH COMMUNITIES IN MALAYSIA
Though many religiosity scales originally developed for use with Judeo-Christian populations have been adapted for use with Muslim populations (Spiika et ai 2003), no known scales developed for Muslims have been adapted for use by non-Muslim adherents. In an attempt to measure religiosity of Malaysian youth across four faith communities (Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists and Christians), researchers required the use of an instrument that would he universally applicable and accepted. The Religious Personality subscale of the Muslim Religiosity-Personality Inventory (MRPI) (Krauss et al. 2006) was selected. The current paper set out to report on the process and results of scale adaptation. Psychometric results indicate that the scale is reliable, valid and relevant for use with multiple faith groups. Concerns about social desirability in relation to the religiosity scale are also considered. The study also highlights the need for more formal research on religiosity among non-Muslim faith groups in Malaysia as most of the formal research to date has been conducted on Muslim Malays.
Religiosity in relation with psychological distress and mental wellbeing among Muslims
The aim of present research was to investigate the relationship among religiosity, psychological distress and mental wellbeing. The current study was conducted on a purposive sample of undergraduates and graduates taken from University of Sargodha, Mianwali sub-campus and Chashma city (n = 100). The sample comprised of male (n = 50) and female (n = 50). In order to measure religiosity, psychological distress and mental wellbeing, English version of Centrality of Religiosity Scale (Huber & Huber, 2012), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2002), and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (Tennant, Hiller, & Platt, 2007) were used respectively. Linear regression analysis portrayed that religiosity is significant positive predictor of mental wellbeing while religiosity appeared as a non-significant correlate of psychological distress. Data analysis also revealed that mental well-being is significant negative predictor of Psychological distress. Moreover, the analysis revealed that the mean scores for the females significantly higher on religiosity and psychological distress. While non-significant gender differences were found in mental wellbeing.
The aim of present research was to investigate the relationship among religiosity, psychological distress and mental wellbeing. The current study was conducted on a purposive sample of undergraduates and graduates taken from University of Sargodha, Mianwali sub-campus and Chashma city (n = 100). The sample comprised of male (n = 50) and female (n = 50). In order to measure religiosity, psychological distress and mental wellbeing, English version of Centrality of Religiosity Scale (Huber & Huber, 2012), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2002), and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (Tennant, Hiller, & Platt, 2007) were used respectively. Linear regression analysis portrayed that religiosity is significant positive predictor of mental wellbeing while religiosity appeared as a non-significant correlate of psychological distress. Data analysis also revealed that mental well-being is significant negative predictor of Psychological distress. Moreover, the analysis revealed that the mean scores for the females significantly higher on religiosity and psychological distress. While non-significant gender differences were found in mental wellbeing. Religiosity in relation with psychological distress and mental wellbeing among Muslims
Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology, 2021
The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between closeness to religion and satisfaction in life in undergraduate students at Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), KPK, Pakistan. A total sample of 100 undergraduate students was selected through a convenience sampling technique comprising 50 male and 50 female undergraduate students. The questionnaires were uploaded as Google forms to collect data virtually from the participants due to the current COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. The undergraduate students having age range 20-22 years were included in the study. Two different standardized tools, Satisfaction with Life Scale developed by Diener et al. (1985) and Daily Spiritual Experience Scale developed by Underwood and Teresi (2002) were used. The data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation. The results showed significant positive correlations between religiosity, religious well-being, and life satisfaction. ...