Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) A Global Burden in India: An Overview (original) (raw)
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The Indian journal of medical research, 2010
Kerala State is a harbinger of what will happen in future to the rest of India in chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD). We assessed: (i) the burden of NCD risk factors; (ii) estimated the relations of behavioural risk factors to socio-demographic correlates, anthropometric risk factors with behavioural risk factors; (iii) evaluated if socio-demographic, behavioural and anthropometric risk factors predicted biochemical risk factors; and (iv) estimated awareness, treatment and adequacy of control of hypertension and diabetes, in Kerala state. A total of 7449 individuals (51% women) stratified by age group, sex and place of residence were selected and information on behavioural risk factors; tobacco use, diet, physical activity, alcohol use, measured anthropometry, blood pressure was collected. Fasting blood samples were analysed for blood glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in a sample subset.Using multiple logistic regression models t...
Non-communicable diseases’ risk factors in India: a review of the current situation
2021
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) mainly heart disease, cancer, diabetes, stroke and chronic lung disease are responsible for almost 70% of all deaths worldwide. About three fourth of all NCD related deaths, and majority (82%) of the people who die prematurely, or before reaching 70 years of age, occur in the developing countries. The age of onset for NCDs is generally more than 55 years, however in India, they present almost a decade earlier. Another concern is the late diagnosis, due to lack of awareness and health care access. Moreover, patients usually present with complications or multiple chronic conditions, which further exacerbates the problem. India is still fighting the menace of infectious diseases, with various diseases like tuberculosis and measles yet to be eliminated. Hence dealing with the dual burden of communicable and NCD pose considerable challenges to the public health system of country. India’s commitment to the sustainable development goals is reflected in adopt...
PloS one, 2016
Efforts to assess the burden of non-communicable diseases risk factors has improved in low and middle-income countries after political declaration of UN High Level Meeting on NCDs. However, lack of reliable estimates of risk factors distribution are leading to delay in implementation of evidence based interventions in states of India. A STEPS Survey, comprising all the three steps for assessment of risk factors of NCDs, was conducted in Punjab state during 2014-15. A statewide multistage sample of 5,127 residents, aged 18-69 years, was taken. STEPS questionnaire version 3.1 was used to collect information on behavioral risk factors, followed by physical measurements and blood and urine sampling for biochemical profile. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were observed in 11.3% (20% men and 0.9% women) and 15% (27% men and 0.3% women) of the population, respectively. Low levels of physical activity were recorded among 31% (95% CI: 26.7-35.5) of the participants. The prevalence of overwei...
Non Communicable Disease Risk Factors and their Trends in India
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2017
Background: India is a populous country of about 1.3 billion. Non communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute to around 5.87 million (60%) of all deaths in India. Hence, the objectives of this paper are to find baseline information on different NCD risk factors coverage and to determine their trends in India. Methods: For this systematic review, PubMed, Google and different surveillance systems were searched. Of the search results, 41 papers/survey reports were eventually assessed for eligibility. National and state representative data on NCD risk factors (for the major NCDs like cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory disease, cancer and diabetes) having World Health Organization(WHO) indicator definitions, covering rural and urban population, were included in the study. Thereafter, state-wise population proportion was added and divided by the total Indian population to determine the percentage of population coverage for each risk factor by the surveys. Also, the old and current d...
Lifestyle has long been associated with the development of many chronic diseases. WHO has recognized diabetes, cardiovascular disease and stroke, cancer and chronic lung disease/COPD as major non-communicable diseases (NCDs). These major NCDs share common lifestyle related risk factors like physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol. Globally, the current scenario of NCDs is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. According to WHO Report 2004, they account for almost 60% of deaths and 47% of global burden of disease. Epidemics of NCDs are presently emerging or accelerating in most developing countries. In India, 53% of the deaths in 2008 were due to NCDs (WHO) and cardiovascular disease (CVDs) alone account for 24 percent of all deaths. As of 2005, India experienced the "highest loss in potentially productive years of life" worldwide and the leading cause of death was cardiovascular disease; mostly affecting people aged 35-64 years. The projected cumulative loss of national income for India due to NCDs mortality for 2006-2015 will be USD237 billion. By 2030, this productivity loss is expected to double to 17.9 million years lost. These major NCDs are largely preventable through effective interventions by tackling the lifestyle related modifiable risk factors. This review discusses the current scenario of NCDs with their impact on health and socioeconomic development, the threat posed by the rising trends of disease burden along with socio-demographic transition and the challenges needs to be addressed for the prevention and control of NCDs.
BMJ Open, 2019
Objective To estimate the prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors in Kerala. Design A community-based, cross-sectional survey. Participants In 2016–2017 a multistage, cluster sample of 12 012 (aged 18–69 years) participants from all 14 districts of Kerala were studied. Main outcome measures NCD risk factors as stipulated in the WHO’s approach to NCD risk factors surveillance were studied. Parameters that were studied included physical activity score, anthropometry, blood pressure (BP), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) and morning urine sample to estimate dietary intake of salt. Results The mean age was 42.5 years (SD=14.8). Abdominal obesity was higher in women (72.6%; 95% CI 70.7 to 74.5) compared with men (39.1%; 95% CI 36.6 to 41.7), and also higher among urban (67.4%; 95% CI 65.0 to 69.7) compared with rural (58.6%; 95% CI 56.6 to 60.5) residents. Current use of tobacco and alcohol in men was 20.3% (95% CI 18.6 to 22.1) and 28.9% (95% CI 26.5 to 31.4), respectiv...
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2020
Sustainable developmental goals (SDGs) have been framed with the aim of achieving overall betterment of people belonging to all economic strata. In particular, SDG-3, the main health-related goal is aimed towards "ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all in all ages". As part of this goal, the growing epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has been allotted high priority. The current scenario of occurrence and prevalence of various NCDs (especially diabetes, obesity, cancers and cardiovascular diseases) in India is alarming and a cause of growing concern for the nation which is already dealing with an exponentially growing population, crumbling basic public healthcare facilities and poverty. Since majority of these NCDs occur because of various lifestyle related risk factors such as addiction (tobacco, alcohol), food habits (malnutrition, both subnutrition/ undernutrition and overnutrition) and physical inactivity, appropriate interventions addressing these aspects can help in decreasing the number of occurrences/premature deaths due to NCDs. This study reviewed and analyzed currently available information on these major contributing factors, their burdens on the society (with reference to NCDs, in particular) and the various inclusive growth measures that can contribute towards addressing this problem.
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.13\_Issue.7\_July2023/IJHSR-Abstract24.html, 2023
Non-communicable diseases or NCDs are the silent killers, posing a harm to one's health without causing any symptoms until the condition has progressed to an advanced state. The World Health Organization (WHO) projected that NCDs caused 41 million of the 57 million deaths worldwide in 2016, with the majority (78%) occurring in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The rising prevalence of diabetes and hypertension has drawn international attention. It's not just a long-term illness, but it's also a life-threatening condition. The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has now released the first phase data from the fifth edition of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2019-20. The results of Phase 1 comprise data from 17 states and 5 Union Territories (including J&K), and they depict the level of health in these areas prior to the COVID outbreak. Based on the current NFHS 5-National inspection report, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes is higher in males in urban subjects than in rural in all the three categories. Also, NFHS-5 shows the more prevalence rate in comparison to NFHS-4.
2018
BackgroundRecent studies have documented high variation in epidemiologic transition levels among Indian states with noncommunicable disease epidemic rising swiftly. However, the estimates suffer from non-availability of reliable data for NCDs from sub populations. In order to fill the knowledge gap, the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors were studied along with awareness, treatment and control of NCDs among the adult population in Haryana, India.MethodsNCD risk factors survey was conducted among 5078 residents, aged 18-69 years during 2016-17. Behavioural risk factors were assessed using STEPS instrument, administered through an android software (mSTEPS). This was followed by physical measurements using standard protocols. Finally, biological risk factors were determined through the analysis of serum and urine samples.ResultsMales were found to be consuming tobacco and alcohol at higher rates of 38.9% (95% CI: 35.3-42.4) and 18.8% (95% CI: 15.8-21.8). One-tenth (11%) ...