Biochemical Analysis of Electrolytes and Their Role in Paediatric Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Unit (PICU) (original) (raw)
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Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, 2020
Introduction: Fluid and electrolyte disorders can be affected by various conditions or diseases. Electrolyte disorders are often found in pediatric patients with critically ill conditions and are associated with increased morbidity also mortality that requires extra care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Objective: To describe the electrolyte profile of critically ill patients with electrolyte disorders admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted prospectively with a descriptive method in patients with electrolyte disorders aged 1 month-18 years old admitted to PICU Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya in a period from August to November 2018. Data on patient age, gender, electrolyte profile (sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride), and origin before PICU admission were recorded. Results and Discussion: From 37 patients with electrolyte disorders showed that patients were dominated by the male in 56.8% (n=21), in the age group of infants or 1-12 months old in 45.9% (n=17). Common main diagnosis in most patients were digestive system disorders in 27% (n=10), followed by central nervous system, respiratory system, kidney and cardiovascular disorders, and the origin before PICU admission were from Emergency Room (ER) in 62.2% (n=23). There were found 97 incidences of electrolyte disorders. Most frequent electrolyte disorders were hypocalcemia in 59.5% (n=22), hypokalemia in 54.1% (n=20), hyponatremia in 40.5% (n=15) and the least was hypochloremia in 35.1% (n=13). Mean serum sodium level was 138.18 ± 12.071, serum potassium level was 3.608 ± 1.2247, serum calcium level was 8.057 ± 1.9473 and serum chloride level was 101.45 ± 13.266. Conclusions: Critically ill patients admitted in PICU tend to experience low electrolyte levels.
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2018
Background: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in critically ill children. In view of importance of electrolyte homeostasis and its significant impact on the final outcome of patient, the present study was undertaken. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities in children admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at the time of admission and its association with mortality and primary organ system involvement.Methods: The study enrolled all the patients from 29 days to 12 years admitted in PICU of a tertiary care hospital during April 2015 to September 2016 (total 18 months). The children were classified according to presence or absence of electrolyte abnormality. The children were further divided into subgroups based on electrolyte values and mortality and organ system involvement was analyzed in each of the sub groups.Results: The prevalence of electrolyte abnormality in terms of sodium or potassium abnormality in the present study was 44...
Electrolyte imbalance in critically ill paediatric patients
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
Objective: To determine the frequency and outcome of electrolyte imbalance in seriously ill children admitted in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a public sector hospital in Karachi. Methods: All children between the ages of one month to 12 years admitted in PICU from May 2017 to October 2017 were included. Blood samples were drawn to determine the baseline sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorous and followed 24 hourly or earlier, if needed (Those who had imbalance at admission or on subsequent repeat labs as per protocol). Results: A total of 101 children were included in the study. Electrolyte imbalance was seen in 84%. A single electrolyte imbalance was noted in 30.58%. Hypocalcemia was the most frequent abnormality noted in 57.6%. Among the total expiries during the study period 91% had electrolyte imbalance. Mortality within 48 hours and duration of stay was also increased in these patients. Conclusion: Electrolyte imbalance is an important prognostic indi...
A prospective study of analysis of electrolytes in pediatric patients admitted in ICU
International journal of health sciences
Introduction: Medical practice rests on the foundation of science. Clinicians are constantly making practical decisions and dealing with situations that demand quick and efficient solutions. The extra ordinary complex functions of the human being depend on the narrow range of the volume and composition of body fluids and electrolytes. These electrolytes run the life with help of meticulously regulated control mechanisms that strictly maintain their levels both extracellularly and intracellularly.1 Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted over a period of one year and included critically ill children aged 1 month to 12 years admitted to a paediatric tertiary care hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of all the children enrolled in the study. At admission, detailed history was taken and systemic examination was recorded. Venous blood samples were obtained and serum electrolytes were estimated by using Combi line Ion-Selective Electrode (ISE). An ...
ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCES IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS
Background:- Critically ill child is any child needs supportive treatment for its biological function either by drugs or mechanical ventilation & is usually associated by disturbances in Electrolytes due to different associated factors. Objective:- The aim of our work is to measuring level of sodium, potassium, and calcium, in critically ill patient Methods:- The study was conducted at pediatric Intensive Care Units ( PICUS ) of the Pediatric Department, Benha University Hospitals during the period from February 2015 to April 2015, on females and males equally from 1month to 18 years needing supportive treatment by drugs or mechanical ventilators. Demographic Data were collected & Full examination was done and Blood samples were taken to do Complete blood count, C-reactive protein, Liver function test, Kidney function test, Arterial blood gases & serum electrolytes as serum Ca, Na & K level. Results:- Hypocalcemia is more common in our PCIU 71.7% of cases with PRISM score mean of (23.0?11.42 (5-47) ) with Death prediction of (39.07?23.51 (9-75)), Hypercalcemia is less common 2.5% of cases with PRISM score mean of (43.67?1.53(42-45)) & Death prediction of (75.0?0.0 (75-75) ), Hypokalemia is more common 38.8% of cases with PRISM score of (25.04?8.21 (8-38) ) and Death prediction of (44.52?20.49 (9-75) ), Hyperkalemia is less common 22.5% of cases with PRISM score of (27.44?13.58 (10-47)) and Death prediction of (47.22?24.91 (15-75)), Na level of no significance relation with critically ill children. Conclusion:- Critically ill children, hypocalcemia& hypokalemia are more common among children but hyperkalemia & hypercalcemia are associated with high level of PRISM score & Death Prediction
Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, 2021
Objective: To determine the frequency of electrolyte disorders, i.e., serum sodium and potassium and to evaluate its effect on mortality rate among children admitted at the pediatric intensive care unit. Study Design and Setting: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Pediatric Intensive care unit of Civil Hospital Karachi from April to December 2017 Methodology: Informed consent was obtained from 150 parents of the children who fulfill the inclusion criteria. Laboratory data (serum sodium and serum potassium) were recorded during the stay in the pediatric intensive care unit. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Mean ± S.D was calculated for quantitative variables. Frequency and percentage were calculated for gender, electrolyte disorders and mortality. Effect modifiers were controlled by stratification of age, gender and electrolyte disorders (Hypernatremia, Hyponatremia, Hyperkalemia, and Hypokalemia). Post-stratification, Chi-squared test was applied. P-va...
Electrolyte abnormalities occur in a variety of conditions and may remain unrecognized and result in morbidity and mortality irrespective of the primary problem. We studied the pattern of electrolyte abnormalities and their outcome in hospitalized children. To study the pattern of electrolyte abnormalities in children admitted to pediatric emergency and intensive care units with underlying medical illness. This was institution based, prospective observational study which was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health from March 1, 2017 to September30, 2017. Among 384 children 173 (45.1%) developed electrolyte abnormalities. Among the total study subjects 89 (23.2%) developed hyponatremia and 64 (16.7%) hypernatremia. Hypokalemia was observed in 85 children (22.1%), hyperkalemia in 43 children (11.2%). The most common cause of hyponatremia was cardiovascular diseases 23(25.8%), renal abnormality 19(21.3%) and central nervous system problem 17(19.2%). Hypernatremia contributed to long hospital stay AOR 2.1, 95%CI 0.99-4.47 and significant mortality AOR 3.3, 95%CI 1.07-10.62. Eight times increase in mortality was observed in hyperkalemic children AOR 8.12, 95%CI 2.44-26.96. Electrolyte abnormalities are common in children admitted to the emergency and intensive care units with an underlying medical illness and contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. Preventive measures in high risk patients and early treatment would decrease morbidity and mortality.
Journal of Sheikh Zayed Medical College, 2021
Background: Electrolytes are measured in arterial and venous blood by arterial blood gas analyzer and the auto-analyzers respectively. Objective: To determine the mean difference in electrolyte level in arterial blood gases (ABGs) level versus laboratory serum electrolyte level in the children admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at department of Pediatrics, the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore from 1st December 2015 to 31st May 2016. Total of 125 children fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study from pediatric intensive care unit. The ABGs (whole blood) electrolytes were obtained immediately after collection, using ABGs analyzer. Serum electrolytes were analyzed in the central laboratory of the institution. Reports were assessed and levels of sodium and potassium was noted from reports of ABGs and laboratory. Results: Mean NA+ value on ABGs and from laboratory was 134.66 and 132...
University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences, 2020
Background: The importance of regulating electrolyte levels is well recognized in most Intensive Care Units (ICU). Various institutions across the globe have found varying figures on the extent and causes of electrolytes derangements in ICUs. The extent of electrolyte and fluid imbalance in patients being admitted and already admitted to the Main ICU (MICU) at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) Lusaka Zambia is unknown. This study aimed to explore the 24hour changes in sodium and potassium in adult MICU patients at the UTH, Lusaka, Zambia. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of the patients admitted to the MICU at UTH, Lusaka, Zambia. Data was collected over a four-month period (August to November) in 2017. Only consenting patients 18 years and above admitted for at least 24 hours in the unit were enrolled. On admission, routine baseline investigations were obtained from every patient which included a full blood count and renal function tests. The second set of investig...