Effect of an Artificial Sweetener on Rat’s Pancreas and Body Weight (original) (raw)
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Effect of artificial and natural sweeteners onglucose and insulin in plasma of rats
Effect of artificial and natural sweeteners on glucose and insulin in plasma of rats. J Pre-Clin Clin Res. Abstract Introduction: The role of artificial sweeteners in body-weight regulation is still unclear. Replacing sugar with low-calorie sweeteners is a common strategy for facilitating weight control. Whether using artificial sweeteners may augment positive energy balance through increased food intake was investigated. The effects of sweet taste and its sources (carbohydrate and non-caloric sweeteners) on diet growth efficiency, fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin plasma concentrations were also compared. Material and method: 140 male Sprague-Dawley rats (initial body mass: 325 ± 19g) were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group was provided with isoenergetic diets: 3 with the same sweet taste intensity (with sucralose – SU, sucrose – SC and maltodextrine – M) and one diet non-sweet (NS). Food intake was recorded daily and body weight measured twice a week/controlled ...
The effect of artificial sweeteners on body weight of mice
Bollettino della Società italiana di biologia sperimentale, 2021
Artificial Sweeteners (AS) are synthetic sugar substitutes that have sweetening potency hundreds of times more than the table sugar (sucrose). Artificial sweeteners are regarded as attractive alternatives to sugar as they add no calories to food intake. There are many hypotheses suggesting that AS may enhance appetite and cause weight gain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AS on food intake, fluid intake and body weight of mice. Acceptable daily intakes of AS solutions were administered orally to different set of mice for four weeks. The body weight, food consumption and fluid intake were measured. At the same time, the effect of Zingiber officinale extracts (natural appetite suppressor), Thymus vulgaris extracts (natural appetite inducer) and cyproheptadine (an appetite stimulant drug) on body weight of mice was evaluated. Artificial sweeteners consumption cause insignificant changes in body weight (p>0.05). However, the mean consumption of food and solutions ...
Effects of Artificial Sweeteners on Insulin Release and Cationic Fluxes in Rat Pancreatic Islets
Cellular Signalling, 1998
-l-Glucose pentaacetate, but not ␣-d-galactose pentaacetate, was recently reported to taste bitter and to stimulate insulin release. This finding led, in the present study, to the investigation of the effects of both bitter and non-bitter artificial sweeteners on insulin release and cationic fluxes in isolated rat pancreatic islets. Sodium saccharin (1.0-10.0 mM), sodium cyclamate (5.0-10.0 mM), stevioside (1.0 mM) and acesulfame-K (1.0-15.0 mM), all of which display a bitter taste, augmented insulin release from islets incubated in the presence of 7.0 mM d-glucose. In contrast, aspartame (1.0-10.0 mM), which is devoid of bitter taste, failed to affect insulin secretion. A positive secretory response to acesulfame-K was still observed when the extracellular K ϩ concentration was adjusted to the same value as that in control media. No major changes in 86 Rb and 45 Ca outflow from pre-labelled perifused islets could be attributed to the saccharin, cyclamic or acesulfame anions. It is proposed that the insulinotropic action of some artificial sweeteners and, possibly, that of selected hexose pentaacetate esters may require G-protein-coupled receptors similar to those operative in the recognition of bitter compounds by taste buds.
METABOLIC CHANGES IN THE BODY AS THE RESULT OF LONG-TERM USE OF ARTIFICIAL SWEETENER-SODIUM CYCLAMATE, 2023
The study aims to evaluate the effect of sodium cyclamate, a sweet flavoring substance, on carbohydrate metabolism in rats after long-term administration. Sodium cyclamate was administered orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg daily to rats for 60 days. To study biochemical indicators in the blood of animals, blood was taken from animals before cyclamate injection (control group), on the 30th and 60th days of the experiment. On the 60th day, the animals were slaughtered and the amount of glucose and glycogen in their liver was studied. It was found that long-term consumption of sodium cyclamate leads to significant disturbances of metabolic processes in the body. Significant hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia developed from the 30th day. Long-term administration of cyclamate developed insulin resistance in animals. Administration of cyclamate also led to strong changes in blood biochemical indicators. The obtained results make it possible to limit the use of sodium cyclamate in the food industry or to propose replacing it with another natural sugar substitute.
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2017
Glucose tolerance and body composition were determined in male rats given non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) (aspartame or sucralose) in drinking water. AUC for glucose and insulin with NNS did not differ from control. NNS treatment had no effect on weight gain or percent body fat. Epididymal fat pad mass was higher with aspartame and the ratio of trunk to total fat was less with sucralose versus control, suggesting that NNS consumption altered body fat distribution.
Effect of moderate intake of sweeteners on metabolic health in the rat
Physiology & Behavior, 2009
The rise in prevalence of obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease has been linked to increased consumption of fructose-containing foods or beverages. Our aim was to compare the effects of moderate consumption of fructose-containing and non-caloric sweetened beverages on feeding behavior, metabolic and serum lipid profiles, and hepatic histology and serum liver enzymes, in rats. Behavioral tests determined preferred (12.5-15%) concentrations of solutions of agave, fructose, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), a combination of HFCS and Hoodia (a putative appetite suppressant), or the non-caloric sweetener Stevia (n=5/gp). HFCS intake was highest, in preference and self-administration tests. Groups (n=10/gp) were then assigned to one of the sweetened beverages or water as the sole source of liquid at night (3 nights/wk, 10wks). Although within the normal range, serum cholesterol was higher in the fructose and HFCS groups, and serum triglycerides were higher in the Agave, HFCS, and HFCS/Hoodia groups (vs. watercontrols, p<0.05). Liver histology was normal in all groups with no evidence of steatosis, inflammation, or fibrosis; however serum alanine aminotransferase was higher in the fructose and HFCS groups (vs. water-controls, p<0.05). Serum inflammatory marker levels were comparable among Stevia, agave, fructose, HFCS, and water-consuming groups, however levels of IL-6 were significantly lower in association with the ingestion of Hoodia. There were no differences in terminal body weights, or glucose tolerance assessed by 120-min IVGTTs performed at the end of the 10-week regimen. We conclude that even moderate consumption of fructose-containing liquids may lead to the onset of unfavorable changes in the plasma lipid profile and one marker of liver health, independent of significant effects of sweetener consumption on body weight.
Influence of Artificial Sweetener on Human Blood Glucose Concentration
Artificial sweeteners, such as saccharin or cyclamic acid are synthetically manufactured sweetenings. Known for their low energetic value they serve especially diabetic and adipose patients as sugar substitutes. It has been hypothesized that the substitution of sugar with artificial sweeteners may induce a decrease of the blood glucose. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of this hypothesis by comparing the influence of regular table sugar and artificial sweeteners on the blood glucose concentration. In this pilot-study 16 patients were included suffering from adiposity, pre-diabetes and hypertension. In the sense of a cross-over design, three test trials were performed at intervals of several weeks. Each trial was followed by a test free interval. Within one test trial each patient consumed 150 ml test solution (water) that contained either 6 g of table sugar ("Kandisin") with sweetener free serving as control group. Tests were performed within 1 hr after lunch to ensure conditions comparable to patients having a desert. Every participant had to determine their blood glucose concentration immediately before and 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes after the intake of the test solution. For statistics an analysis of variance was performed. The data showed no significant changes in the blood glucose concentration. Neither the application of sugar (F 4;60 = 1.645; p = .175) nor the consumption of an artificial sweetener (F 2.068;31.023 = 1.551; p > .05) caused significant fluctuations in the blood sugar levels. Over a time frame of 60 minutes in the control group a significant decrease of the blood sugar concentration was found (F 2.457;36.849 = 4.005; p = .020) as a physiological reaction during lunch digestion.
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, 2024
Background: Artificial sweeteners can cause glucose intolerance, which is a condition where the glucose in the blood is abnormal. Purpose: This research was conducted to determine the difference in blood glucose levels of mice as experimental animals that were given sugarcane juice as a natural sweetener and cyclamate solution as an artificial sweetener. Methods: The research method applied was laboratory experimental followed by checking blood glucose levels using a GCU easy touch glucometer and the data analysis method used was descriptive analysis. Results: the average blood sugar before treatment was P0 (control) 110 mg/dl, P1 (test animals given sugarcane juice solution) 63 mg/dl, P2 (test animals given sodium cyclamate solution) 69.5 mg/dl. Then, the average blood sugar after treatment was, P0 (control) 77.5 mg/dl, P1 (test animals given sugar cane juice) 81.5 mg/dl, P2 (test animals given cyclamate solution) 101.5 mg/dl etc. From this data, it was obtained that the level of glucose in the blood decreased by an average of 32.5 for P0. Then, there was an increase in blood glucose levels with an average of 18.5 for P1. In addition, there was an increase in blood glucose levels with an average of 32 for P2. Blood sugar levels in the treatments given cyclamate and sugar cane juice both experienced an insignificant increase in blood sugar, but within two weeks the average increase in blood sugar was highest in the treatment given cyclamate. Conclusion: There are differences in blood glucose levels of mice as experimental animals given sugarcane juice as a natural sweetener and cyclamate solution as an artificial sweetener.
The Open Obesity Journal, 2010
The excessive consumption of natural sweeteners is considered to be a major cause of increase in body mass. The authors wished to establish whether hypocaloric artificial sweeteners also promoted mass gain in laboratory rats (Harlan Wistar male rats). Ad libitum sweeteners were added to the drinking water of five groups of nine male rats each weighing circa 40g: Group 1, 15% fructose; group 2, 10% sucrose; group 3, 0.3% aspartame; group 4, 0.19% sucralose; and group 5 (control), ordinary drinking water. The daily volume of water consumption, the amount of ingested food, and gain of body mass were assessed during 73 days. Histological sections of the liver tissue of these rats were analyzed using Sudan and Hematoxylin-Eosin red staining. Results indicated that the fructose solution promoted the highest final gain in body mass, statistically different from the control and sucrose groups (p<0.05). The caloric consumption was similar to that of the sucrose group, but different from that of the control and one of the groups consuming hypocaloric sweeteners, aspartame (p<0.05). Rats that ingested sucrose solutions had the lowest final body mass in spite of the fact that their total caloric intake was one of the highest, and as mentioned, similar to fructose. Rats that drank water with hypo-caloric artificial sweeteners, aspartame and sucralose ingested the same amount of food, and the caloric intake was similar to the control group (p<0.05). They were fatter than the control and sucrose groups, although their caloric consumption was lower than that of the fructose-drinking specimens, apparently confirming recent findings about glucose absorption with ingestion of artificial sweeteners. The behavior of the sucralose group, with a body mass higher than those of the control and sucrose groups, should be further studied, since this group showed a tendency to drink more water over time when compared to the control and aspartame groups. Liver-to-body mass ratios were not statistically different (p<0.05) among the five groups, but both groups consuming hypocaloric sweeteners had slightly lower ratios than the sucrose, fructose, and control groups. As has been mentioned in previous research, ingestion of fructose solutions led to an increase of lipids in the liver tissue, in comparison with the other groups studied. Groups consuming hypocaloric sweeteners also showed a slight increase in lipid accumulation in liver tissue but not as much as the fructose-consuming group. The results of these experiments indicate the advisability of a long term experiment focusing on the ingestion of these sweeteners and their role in the increase in body mass.