Challenges in Observation-Based Mapping of Daily Precipitation across the Conterminous United States (original) (raw)

Gridded daily weather data for North America with comprehensive uncertainty quantification

Scientific Data

Access to daily high-resolution gridded surface weather data based on direct observations and over long time periods is essential for many studies and applications including vegetation, wildlife, soil health, hydrological modelling, and as driver data in Earth system models. We present Daymet V4, a 40-year daily meteorological dataset on a 1 km grid for North America, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, providing temperature, precipitation, shortwave radiation, vapor pressure, snow water equivalent, and day length. The dataset includes an objective quantification of uncertainty based on strict cross-validation analysis for temperature and precipitation results. The dataset represents several improvements from a previous version, and this data descriptor provides complete documentation for updated methods. Improvements include: reductions in the timing bias of input reporting weather station measurements; improvement to the three-dimensional regression model techniques in the core algorithm; an...

Gridded Area-Averaged Daily Precipitation via Conditional Interpolation

Journal of Climate, 2005

A growing need for gridded observational datasets of area-average values to support research, specifically in relation to climate models, raises questions about the adequacy of traditional interpolation techniques. Conventional interpolation techniques (particularly for precipitation) suffer from not recognizing the changing spatial representivity of stations as a function of the driving synoptic state, nor the bounded nature of the precipitation field—that the precipitation field is spatially discontinuous. Further, many interpolation techniques explicitly estimate new point location values, and do not directly address the need arising from climate modeling for area-average values. A new procedure, termed conditional interpolation, is presented to estimate daily gridded area-average precipitation from station observations. The approach explicitly recognizes that the point observations represent a mixture of synoptic forcing shared in common with surrounding stations, and a response...

P 1 . 6 Processing Daily Rain-Gauge Precipitation Data for the Americas at the Noaa Climate Prediction Center

2002

Accurate and complete estimates of precipitation are critical to a wide variety of problems ranging from understanding the water budget to improved monitoring and prediction of climate. Most areas of the globe are not adequately sampled, either by in situ or remote sensing. The conterm inous U.S. is covered by a relatively dense array of in situ (hourly and daily) rain-gauge data. Precipitation over the U.S. can also be estimated using satellite data and radar data that is archived at high temporal and spatial resolution. These resources allow us to focus on improving the quality of the analysis of precipitation in the U.S. over a range of space and time scales.