Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communications : Performance criterion and Code Construction (original) (raw)
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Receive antenna selection for unitary space-time modulation over semi-correlated Ricean channels
IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2010
Receive antenna selection for unitary space-time modulation (USTM) over semi-correlated Ricean fading channels is analyzed (this work generalizes that of Ma and Tepedelenlioglu for the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading case). The antenna selection rule is that the receive antennas with the largest signal powers are chosen. For single antenna selection, we derive the maximum likelihood decoding for the correlated Ricean case. We also derive the Chernoff bound on the pairwise error probability for the high signalto-noise ratio (SNR) region and obtain the coding gain and diversity order. Our results show that even when there are transmitter side correlations and a line of sight component, receive antenna selection with USTM preserves the full diversity order if the USTM constellation is of full rank. We also give an approximation to the distribution function of a quadratic form of non-zero mean complex Gaussian variates (from Nabar et al.) at the high SNR region. Based on this approximation, a closed-form expression for the coding gain is also obtained and compared with that of the i.i.d. Rayleigh case. We also analyze the case of multiple receive antenna selection and derive the coding gain and diversity order. We show that USTM constellations, which have been proposed for the i.i.d. Rayleigh channel, can be used with the correlated Ricean channel as well.
On Optimum Parameter Modulation–Estimation From a Large Deviations Perspective
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2012
We consider the problem of jointly optimum modulation and estimation of a realvalued random parameter, conveyed over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, where the performance metric is the large deviations behavior of the estimator, namely, the exponential decay rate (as a function of the observation time) of the probability that the estimation error would exceed a certain threshold. Our basic result is in providing an exact characterization of the fastest achievable exponential decay rate, among all possible modulator-estimator (transmitter-receiver) pairs, where the modulator is limited only in the signal power, but not in bandwidth. This exponential rate turns out to be given by the reliability function of the AWGN channel. We also discuss several ways to achieve this optimum performance, and one of them is based on quantization of the parameter, followed by optimum channel coding and modulation, which gives rise to a separation-based transmitter, if one views this setting from the perspective of joint source-channel coding. This is in spite of the fact that, in general, when error exponents are considered, the source-channel separation theorem does not hold true. We also discuss several observations, modifications and extensions of this result in several directions, including other channels, and the case of multidimensional parameter vectors. One of our findings concerning the latter, is that there is an abrupt threshold effect in the dimensionality of the parameter vector: below a certain critical dimension, the probability of excess estimation error may still decay exponentially, but beyond this value, it must converge to unity.
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2004
Selective broadcast schemes for point-to-multiple point transmission of identical information to several selected users are studied for a code-division multiple-access wireless system. The channel states for all selected users are assumed known at both the transmitter and the receivers. The goal is to minimize total transmit power while satisfying minimum received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirements. Three designs, namely, time-only, space-time and space-only, are investigated. In the time-only design no spatial diversity is available, and we solve the optimal transmit signature code by developing iterative least distance programming (ILDP) and linear programming (LP) algorithms. In the space-time design, transmit antennas are exploited in addition to the temporal dimension, and we show the ILDP algorithm is still applicable. The LP algorithm can also be adapted with the integration of space-time block codes, which we term the space-time block coding LP (STC-LP) algorithm. In the space-only design, only the spatial dimension is available and we study the optimization of the transmit antenna weights to satisfy the users' SNR requirements. We show that the STC-LP algorithm applies in this case. We also propose an iterative spatial diagonalization algorithm to explore the unique structure of the space-only problem. Index Terms-Broadcast, code-division multiple access (CDMA), multicast, space-time block codes, space-time processing, transmit-receive joint optimization. NOMENCLATURE Transmit signature code. Receive filter for th user. Required signal-to-noise ratio at th user. Hermitian transpose operator for vectors and matrices. Complex conjugate operator. Number of mobile stations in the cell. Length of the maximum multipath delay in chips. Number of antennas at the transmitter. Signature code length, or spreading gain. I. INTRODUCTION T HE field of wireless communication has been dominated by study of transmission of unicast information. The term unicast means that information is intended for only one receiver. Most voice and data traffic in cellular systems falls into this Manuscript
IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2005
The study on generalized selection combining (GSC( )) diversity systems that adaptively combines a subset of paths with the highest instantaneous signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) out of available diversity paths has both theoretical and practical importance in the design of low-complexity receiver structures for cellular wideband CDMA, indoor millimeter-wave and ultra-wideband communications. This paper presents a novel mathematical framework to tackle the problem at hand by deriving a single integral expression for the moment generating function (mgf) of the GSC( ) output SNR when the resolvable multipaths are independent with nonidentical fading statistics. The mgf is then used to unify the performance evaluation of a broad range of digital modulation/detection schemes in practical wireless channels.
Analysis of transmit-receive diversity in Rayleigh fading
IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2003
We analyze the error performance of a wireless communication system employing transmit-receive diversity in Rayleigh fading. By focussing on the complex Gaussian statistics of the independent and identically distributed entries of the channel matrix, we derive a formula for the characteristic function (c.f.) of the maximum output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We use this c.f. to obtain a closed-form expression of the symbol error probability (SEP) for coherent binary keying. An approximate expression for the SEP when the average SNR per branch is large is also obtained. The method can be easily extended to obtain the SEP of M-ary modulation schemes.
Performance Analysis of Spatial Modulation Under Rapidly Time-Varying Rayleigh Fading Channels
IEEE Access, 2019
Due to the problem of inter-channel interference, the average bit error probability (ABEP) performance of the traditional multiple transmit and multiple receive antenna systems obviously deteriorates. A promising scheme to address this issue is the spatial modulation (SM) which activates only one transmit antenna at each signaling period. In addition, the demand to provide data services for high mobility users is ever increasing, where fading channels are more likely to be rapidly time-varying. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the ABEP performance of SM under the assumption that system's fading channels are Rayleigh and varying from one signaling period to another within the same transmitted data block. Further, to simplify the decoding complexity at the receiver, the channel is assumed to be estimated at the first location of each data block and then used to detect the received symbols at the remaining locations of the block. For such a system, and unlike other literature works, we derive novel, exact and closed-form reduced enough expressions for the average pairwise error probabilities (average-PEPs), which are then used to compute the system's overall per-block ABEP efficiently. The derived expressions are generic and valid for both time-varying and slow fading environments. Furthermore, the obtained analytical results are exploited to quantitatively show that the time-varying fading environment degrades the SM system's performance through irreducible error floors. Numerical and simulation results of various examples are provided to validate the theoretical analyses and also to get some insights into the effect of the different system parameters (such as the speed of the mobile, the carrier frequency, and the block size of the channel variations) on the overall SM error performance. INDEX TERMS Spatial modulation, time-varying fading channels, estimation, error performance.
Information theoretic considerations for coded modulation over fading channels
IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2000
In this correspondence, we compute the random coding error exponent for coded modulation transmitted over a flat, memoryless, Rayleigh fading channel. In addition, estimates of code lengths required to achieve a certain error probability are determined and compared to those required for the additive white Gaussian noise channel. Finally, the effect of receiver antenna diversity is also considered as a method to compensate for fading and is shown to have a significant, positive impact on the error exponent. The results we obtain represent an information theoretic view that complements the existing literature on performance of coded modulation over fading channels with receiver diversity.
IET Communications, 2011
The exact symbol and bit error probabilities of linearly modulated signals in frequency non-selective Rician fading channels with Lth diversity branches are derived, where coherent detection with maximum ratio combining (MRC) is used at the receiver. For performance evaluation, the multiplicative distortion is combined with the additive Gaussian noise and form an additive noise is formed. This method allows computing the exact symbol and bit error probabilities of M-ary phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM), M-ary amplitude modulation (M-AM) and M-ary amplitude modulation phase modulation (M-AMPM) for any arbitrary bit mappings. The results contain several versions of one simple integral. The error probabilities are also obtained for Rayleigh channel, which is a special case of Rice channel. Further, the results for Nakagami-m channel with the integer parameter are found. The results quite match with the previous ones while having simple forms. Also, for some unsolved cases, the exact error probabilities are presented. Simulations are carried out to verify the analytical evaluations. In this paper, we consider linearly modulated signals with Lth order diversity in Rician fading channel, where coherent
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 1995
Performance upper bounds for noncoherent receivers employed in conjunction with single and multiamplitude/-phase signals, transmitted over time dispersive and Gaussian noise channels are derived. Based upon a metric which has been previously derived by the authors, we present analytical expressions and computer generated results for the performance of asymptotically optimal noncoherent detection over such channels. As a typical application of the developed theoretical analysis, we consider wideband telecommunication systems, where time dispersion resulting in intersymbol interference (S I) is one of the significant sources of system performance degradation. Numerical evaluation of the optimal noncoherent decoding algorithms, shows the proposed bounds to be an effective and efficient means of evaluating the performance of the noncoherent receivers under investigation. Using the derived bounds, performance evaluation results for modulation schemes such as ~/4-shift DQPSK (differential quadrature phase shift keying), 8-and 1CDQAM (differential quadrature amplitude modulation), at very low bit-error rates (BER), which would otherwise pose impractically high computational loads when using Monte-Carlo error counting techniques, are readily obtained. At BER >lop4 evaluation results generated via computer simulation have verified the tightness of the bounds. I. INTRODUCTION NE of the most important design considerations for 0 digital communication systems is the selection of the modulation scheme. It is well-known that for bandwidth efficient applications, multi-amplitude/-phase modulation schemes have to be adopted in order to satisfy the bandwidth requirements [ I]. Among the various multi-amplitude/-phase modulation schemes, M-ary (M > 4) quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is widely accepted as representing the best Manuscript