Potential of Sunflower-Legume Intercropping: A Way Forward in Sustainable Production of Sunflower in Temperate Climatic Conditions (original) (raw)
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Effect of intercropping sunflower with legumes on some sunflower morphological traits
Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo
Given that climate change is a burning issue, agriculture must turn to more sustainable and environmentally friendly systems, counting intercropping. Within a two-year study of intercropping sunflower with legumes, the influence of this system on sunflower plant height and head diameter was investigated. The aim of research was to evaluate the effects of sunflower-legume intercropping on these traits, considering the possibility of competition between crops. The field trial was set up in April 2017 and 2018 at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia experimental field in moderate-continental climate. Year 2017 was extremely arid with the sum of precipitation different compared to 2018. Plant height and head diameter of hybrids Rimi PR, Dukat and NS Gricko, intercropped with common vetch, red clover and alfalfa were compared with control, i.e. same sunflower hybrids grown as a sole crop. It was observed that intense growth of common vetch suppressed the growth of sunflower, and led to a decrease in measured traits in all three hybrids. Results indicated that the following combinations of sunflower and legumes are most desirable: NS Gricko/RC, Dukat/ALF, Dukat/RC and Rimi PR/ RC depending on the agro-ecological conditions. Given that the experiment was performed in years that varied significantly in agro-ecological conditions, the results indicated that red clover and alfalfa can mitigate the negative effects caused by lack of precipitation and high temperatures. In order to better understand all aspects of sunflowerlegume intercropping, further research, which should include other morphological, qualitative and quantitative indicators, is needed.
Growth and yield of three sunflower hybrids cultivated for two years under Mediterranean conditions
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2016
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is globally one of the most important oil crops. A 2-years field study was conducted to evaluate growth, grain and oil productivity of three sunflower hybrids (PR64E83, Oleko and PR63A90). Plant height, number of green leaves, weight of 1000-grains and grain number were significantly affected by the interaction of year and sunflower hybrid. Grain yield resulted to differences ranged among 13 and 34 % between the two years. In 2009, Oleko and PR63A90 were the most productive hybrids regarding seed (8210 and 7500 kg/ha, respectively) and oil (2960 and 2950 kg ha-1 , respectively), while PR63A90 was the significantly more productive hybrid during the second year (2010). Hybrids such as Oleko seem ideal for high grain and oil yield (with a high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids); however they fit better to a crop rotation, probably due to a high phytotoxicity of their residues which reduces the yield of the second year. On the contrary, the ability of some non high-oleic hybrids such as PR63A90 to keep high grain yield even in the second year of their cultivation in the same field is clearly a very desirable trait and it should be further tested, since it can result to very high oil yield.
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2017
Decision support system for agro-technology transfer (DSSAT), OIL CROP-SUN Model was used to stimulate the phenology, growth, yield of different two sunflower hybrids. i.e. Hysun-33 and S-78 by applying different nitrogen levels. The effect of nitrogen (N) on growth and yield components of different sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids were evaluated under agro-climatic conditions of Sargodha, Pakistan during spring 2013. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having three replications, keeping cultivars in the main plots and nitrogen levels (0, 45, 90,135 and 180 kg/ha) in sub plots. OIL CROP-SUN Model showed that the model was able to simulate the growth and yield of sunflower with an average of 10.44 error% between observed and simulate achene yield (AY). The result of simulation indicates that nitrogen rate of 180 kg/ha produced highest achene yield in S-78 hybrid as compared to other treatments and Hysun-33 cultivar.
Agronomic and Qualitative Evaluation of Different Local Sunflower Hybrids
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research
S unflower belongs to family Compositae. Globally sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is among one of the four most important oilseed crops. It is native to America, but at world scale it was available for commercial production after some years (Anjum et al., 2012). It contains vitamins, minerals and to-copherols in considerable amounts. It can play a vital role in narrowing down the gap between edible oil production in the country and its total national consumption (Khan et al., 2003). Globally, sunflower is grown on over 22 million hectares. The sunflower main producing countries are Russia, Argentina,
Chilean journal of agricultural research, 2020
An additive intercropping model was adopted to improve land use efficiency and productivity of two prominent oil crops grown in Egypt, that is, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) A 2-yr field trial was conducted in Northern Egypt during the summers of 2017 and 2018. The effects on yield, crop components, and land use efficiency of the system were tested with three N fertilizer rates (70, 105, and 140 kg N ha-1) and three thinning intervals of 15, 30, and 45 d after sowing (DAS) for sunflower and 30, 45, and 65 DAS for soybean. Late thinning increased plant height in both crops, but reduced sunflower stem and head diameters and seed weight per head. The maximum seed yield occurred in the pure stands and reached 4.00 and 1.61 t ha-1 for sunflower and soybean, respectively. Early thinning positively affected seed yield and fresh and dry biological yields, while the effect of N rates was limited. Seed oil content of both crops was slightly affected by the treatments and generally averaged approximately 50% and 20% in sunflower and soybean, respectively. While the land equivalent ratio (LER) indicated the advantage of intercropping sunflower and soybean (LER > 1), the DM equivalent ratio (DMER) provided a more realistic estimate as to the effect of intercropping compared with sole cropping in an additive model. Early and intermediate thinning intervals across all N fertilizer rates resulted in yield gain (DMER > 1), while late thinning reduced yield (DMER < 1). Intercropping sunflower and soybean crops is recommended for low input farming systems, particularly in developing countries.
Selection of sunflower hybrids based on stability across environments
Genetika, 2019
Bearing in mind that the sunflower production in Serbia is extensive, it is very important to select a hybrid that will achieve stable and high seed and oil yields in different enviromental conditions. The objective of the study was to identify the most stable sunflower hybrids for seed and oil yield using AMMI model analysis. Nine newly developed early, medium early and medium late hybrids were tested. Hybrids were grown in different locations across Northern Serbia during two growing seasons (2013-2014). Selected locations are geographically close, but environmentally different in terms of soil, rainfalls and temperature, thus creating a specific microclimate conditions for sunflower growing. Pooled analysis of variance for seed and oil yield showed that the main effects of hybrids, environments and their interaction were highly significant. The agro-ecological environment E3 is most favourable for achieving high seed and oil yields, but E9 was the most stable. According to result...
Environmental science and pollution research international, 2018
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a major oilseed crop grown for its edible oil across the globe including Pakistan. In Pakistan, the production of edible oil is less than the required quantity; the situation is being worsened with the increasing population. Thus, there is dire need to grow those sunflower genotypes which perform better under a given set of agronomic practices. In this 2-year study, we compared four sunflower genotypes, viz., Armoni, Kundi, Sinji, and S-278 for their yield potential, oil contents, fatty acid composition, and profitability under three sowing methods, viz., bed sowing, line sowing, and ridge sowing and two tillage system, viz., plow till and minimum till. Among the sunflower genotypes, the genotype Armoni produced the highest plant height, number of leaves, head diameter, 1000-achene weight, and achene yield; the oil contents and oleic acid were the highest in genotype Sinji. Among the sowing methods, the highest number of leaves per plant, head dia...
Continuous sunflower breeding work at the Agricultural Institute Osijek results in the creation of new hybrid combinations which are then tested in a network of micro and macro trials. This paper presents the results of the investigation on seven sunflower hybrids: one standard and six new hybrid combinations (OS-H-2 to OS-H-7) from the Agricultural Institute Osijek, in a period of four years (2012-2015) at a location in Osijek. Trials were set as RCBD and the most important sunflower traits were analyzed: grain yield, oil content and oil yield. The results indicate that the values of analyzed traits were significantly impacted by year (and respectively by weather conditions), hybrid and the year x hybrid interaction. The highest yield was observed in 2013, when grain yield achieved 6.243 t/ha and oil yield 2.889 t/ha. The highest oil content was recorded in the year 2012 (51.35%). The highest grain yield was achieved by the hybrids OS-H-4 (6.257 t/ha) and OS-H-2 (5.911 t/ha), and oil content by hybrids OS-H-3 (51.83%) and OS-H-4 (51.62%). The hybrid OS-H-4 had the highest oil yield (2.944 t/ha), and it can therefore be considered as a promising hybrid for application on the recognition process in the country and abroad.
European Journal of Biological Research, 2020
Intercropping represents ways of maximizing water use efficiency (WUE) for higher yields per unit of irrigation water applied. The field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Arab El-Awammer Research, Station, Assiut during the two successive growing summer seasons of 2017 and 2018, to study the effect of different irrigation regimes (120, 100 and 80% ETo) and intercropping systems (sole sunflower, sole common bean and intercropping sunflower and common bean) for enhanced productivity and net economic return under drip irrigation. Irrigation with 120% ETo treatment gave higher yield and its compounds and oil % compared to 100 and 80% ETo treatments for sunflower and common bean. The highest stem, head diameters and 100-seed weight and seed and oil yield produced with sole sunflower as compared with intercropping of sunflower with common bean which had the lowest values in both growing seasons. The highest values of IWUE (0.723 and 0.704 kg/m 3) were obtained at intercropping under irrigation with 100% ETo. Values of land equivalent ratio of various intercropping systems were larger than one in the intercropping systems. Sunflower + common bean cropping system produced higher values of net return than sole sunflower and sole common bean. The highest net return (2709 US$/ha) were obtained when irrigated sunflower + common bean intercropping system with 120% ETo in the second season while the lowest net return (234 US$/ha) were obtained when irrigated sole sunflower with 80% ETo treatment in the first season.