Effects of Processing Methods, DOP Amount and Filler Content on the Mechanical Properties of Recycled Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Composites (original) (raw)
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Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a very versatile polymer with many applications. Due to the easy incorporation of additives and plasticizers in this resin. The most used plasticizer for PVC is dioctyl phthalate (DOP), however its use has been restricted by several organizations because it presents potential toxicity. In this way, the objective of this work is to evaluate thermal, physical and dynamic-mechanical characteristics for a polymeric plasticizer alternative to DOP, polyisobutene base. As a method of comparison, the contents of the materials were kept constant, and only the plasticizer content of the samples was altered. Results indicated that the PVC compounds obtained satisfactory plasticizing results and that don't have chemical transformations. In addition, the plasticizer evaluated has a higher thermal stability when compared to the compound with DOP, proving to be a promising result.
A Study of Some Changes in the Properties of Recycled PVC Plastic in Arbil Factories
مجلة التربية والعلم, 2022
In Arbil recycling factories, the plastic materials are usually recycled for many times and this affect the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the plastic materials. For the first time in the Iraq a research on dioctylphthalate (DOP) plasticizer extracted from recycled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic industries in Arbil city was carried out after optimization conditions to obtain the maximum plasticizer percentage. Different physical and chemical tests were applied on the PVC samples, such as viscosity measurements, determination of Softening Points and bromine test. In addition, TLC chromatography and IR spectroscopy methods were used as identification methods. It was shown that the PVC plastic products lose many of its chemical, physical and mechanical properties after using for some months. The effect of the DOP plasticizer on the softening point of the PVC plastic samples was studied according to the seasons of the year. The outcomes of this study may be essential for future environmental studies.
The effect of recycled polycarbonate mixing ratio on the tensile strength of polycarbonate polymer
2013
Nowadays, plastic and metal are used as raw material at the industries for their product. Plastic can be divided into two types which are thermoset and thermoplastic. Thermoplastic usually used compare to thermoset because it can be recycled and molded to be manufactured as a new product. Polycarbonate is an example of thermoplastic that widely used in the industries. Polycarbonates are condensation polymers with many desirable properties. They exhibit very high thermal stability and have a high heat distortion temperature. The problem happened when there are many wastes of products made from polycarbonate. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of recycled Polycarbonate mixing ratio on the tensile strength of Polycarbonate polymer. Therefore, the mold was designed to produce tensile bar as a specimen to achieve the objective. Polycarbonate was dried at temperature 80°C for 4 hours by using vacuum oven and then the materials was injected using the injection molding machine. Then, the product produced was used as recycled material and mixed with virgin polycarbonate with different percentages. There are five samples of recycled PC/virgin PC percentages: 0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 100/0 respectively. The mixed material was injected to produce the specimen. The specimens of each experiment was tested by using Universal Tensile Machine to determine the best percentage mixing of the recycled Polycarbonate with the virgin Polycarbonate that has highest tensile strength. From the result, the testing part showed the highest tensile stress at maximum load is 0% recycled of polycarbonate which is 54.22611 MPa. The second highest is Experiment 4 that has 75% recycled polycarbonate, which is 52.77886 MPa. In addition, the lowest tensile stress at maximum load is 25% recycled polycarbonate, which is 49.17192 MPa. Thus, the properties of specimen in experiment 1 have good properties such as high strength and excellent toughness compared to another. The higher tensile stress also shows that the material is more brittle and less ductile. 3.5.1 Parameter Setting 3.5.2 Purging Process 3.5.3 Injection Process 3.6 Sample Testing CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND ANALYSIS 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Tensile Strength 4.3 Experiment Result 4.3.1 Experiment 1 4.3.2 Experiment 2 4.3.3 Experiment 3 4.3.4 Experiment 4 4.3.5 Experiment 5 4.4 Analysis and Discussion CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1
Journal of metals, materials and minerals, 2014
In this studypoly(butylene succinate) (PBS) , a polymeric plasticizer, was partially replaced a conventional plasticizer, diisononyl phthalate (DINP) to avoid the plasticizer loss from poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) overtime for various service conditions and to obtain a long-term plasticizer retention in the flexible PVC products. The plasticized PVC samples were prepared by melt mixing on a two roll mill, followed by compression molding. The mechanical properties (tensile properties, tear strength and hardness), thermal stability and morphology of the 20/20 phr (parts by weight per hundred parts of resin) DINP/PBS-plasticized PVC were evaluated and compared with those of the 40 phr DINP-plasticized PVC. The tensile strength, Young’s modulus, tear strength, hardness and thermal stability were found to be improved, while the elongation at break was decreased as a result of the partial replacement of DINP with PBS in the plasticized PVC. Moreover, the DINP/PBS-plasticized PVC composites...
Processing and mechanical properties of recycled PVC and of homopolymer blends with virgin PVC
J Appl Polym Sci, 1996
Mechanical and processing properties of recycled polyvinylchloride (PVC, from bottles and pipes) were compared with those of virgin pipe grade PVC. Blends of recycled and pipe grade PVC were also prepared and characterized. It was found that the particle size and the restabilization of the recycled PVC are the two main points to be considered for obtaining virgin/recycled PVC blends with uniform and good mechanical properties. In general, recycled PVC not only does not significantly reduce the modulus and tensile strength, but also improves the impact strength and processing behavior of pipe grade virgin PVC. Only the thermomechanical resistance is slightly lowered. The latter points hold, of course, only when the recycled PVC contains both reinforcing and modifier agents. 0 1996
Comparison Of Processing Conditions For Plasticized Pvc And Pvb
2015
It is the worldwide problem that the recycled PVB is not recycled and it is wildly stored in landfills. However, PVB has similar chemical properties such as PVC. Moreover, both of these polymers are plasticized. Therefore, the study of thermal properties of plasticized PVC and the recycled PVB obtained by recycling of windshields is carried out. This work has done in order to find nondegradable processing conditions applicable for both polymers. Tested PVC contained 38% of plasticizer diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and PVB was plasticized with 28% of triethylene glycol, bis(2-ethylhexanoate) (3GO). The thermal and thermo-oxidative decomposition of both vinyl polymers are compared by calorimetric analysis and by tensile strength analysis.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2006
Blends were prepared of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with four different plasticizers; esters of aconitic, citric, and phthalic acids; and other ingredients used in commercial flexible PVC products. The thermal and mechanical properties of the fresh products and of the products after 6 months of aging were measured. Young's modulus of the PVC blends was reduced about 10-fold by an increase in the plasticizer level from 15 to 30 phr from the semirigid to the flexible range according to the ASTM classification, but a 40-phr level was required for PVC to retain its flexibility beyond 6 months. At the 40-phr level, tributyl aconitate performed better than diisononyl phthalate (DINP) or tributyl citrate, in terms of lowering Young's modulus, both in the fresh materials and those aged for 6 months. The effects of the four plasticizers on the glass-transition temperature (T g) were similar, with T g close to ambient temperature at the 30-and 40-phr levels in freshly prepared samples and at 40-608C in those aged for 6 months. The thermal stability of the PVC plasticized with DINP was superior among the group. Overall, tributyl aconitate appeared to be a good candidate for use in consumer products where the alleged toxicity of DINP may be an issue.
Mechanical properties of recycled PVC blends with styrenic polymers
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2006
The aim of this study is to improve the performance of blends made from recycled polyvinyl chloride (PVC), coming from credit card waste, so that these blends can be used for those applications that must fulfil some requirements with regard to mechanical properties and stability with temperature alterations. With this aim in mind, two polymers of styrenic origin have been combined: styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). These polymers are characterized by a satisfactory balance of mechanical properties and thermal stability. PVC blends with both virgin and recycled styrenic polymers have been studied throughout the entire range of compositions. The prior degradation of the recycled materials has been studied by means of Fourier transformed infrared spectros-copy (FTIR).The behavior of the observed T g values has been analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the existence of partial miscibility between the different components has been studied. The mechanical properties have been determined using tensile and Charpy impact tests. The thermal stability of the PVC blends with temperature changes has been determined using the Vicat softening temperature (VST). Finally, the fracture surface of the various blends has been analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Physico-mechanical and thermal property modification of PVC by using a methacrylate polymer
2016
Poly (vinyl chloride), PVC was blended with poly (butyl methacrylate), PBMA in the form of full interpenetrating polymer network (IPN). The full IPNs were investigated for any modification in properties by the influence of PBMA over pure unmodified PVC. PVC was mixed with plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and heat stabilizer tribasic lead lead sulphate (TBLS) in predetermined proportion alongwith the monomer butyl methacrylate, initiator benzoyl peroxide and the cross linkers of PVC and PBMA respectively. The entire mass was subjected to moulding under compression for polymerization to take place followed by cross linking of the two polymers. The moulded sheets of the full IPNs so formed were analyzed in terms of physico mechanical and thermal properties with an attempt to relate them with the obtained morphology. PBMA influenced the properties of PVC by improving the tensile behavior and elongation properties as well as its thermal stability. The scanning electron micrographs fro...