Vegetable fiber as reinforcing elements for cement based composite in housing applications – a Brazilian experience (original) (raw)
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Materiales de Construcción, 2015
The present review shows the state-of-art on the approachs about improving the processing, physical-mechanical performance and durability of non-conventional fiber-cement composites. The objective of this review is to show some of these strategies to mitigate the degradation of the vegetable fibers used as reinforcement in cost-effective and non-conventional fiber-cement and, consequently, to improve their mechanical and durability properties for applications in the housing construction. Beyond the introduction about vegetable fibers, the content of this review is divided in the following sections: (i) surface modification of the fibers; (ii) improving fiber-to-cement interface; (iii) natural pozzolans; (iv) accelerated carbonation; (v) applications of nanoscience; and (vi) principles of functionally graded materials and extrusion process were briefly discussed with focus on future research needs.
The Study of Mechanical Properties and Load Carrying Ability of Plant Based Fibre Cement Composites
Journal of industrial pollution control, 2017
This paper describes the mechanical properties of plant based fiber cement composites. For this study we are using two different types of natural fibers like Hemp fiber and Kenaf fiber in different proportions. In this study the mechanical properties where obtained in compressive strength and tensile strength. The test where conducted using different combination of fibers with volumetric ratios which ranging from 0% to 2%. The compression test was conducted on 150 × 150 × 150 mm cubes and the split tensile test conducted on cylinders of 300 mm length and 150 mm diameter. Cracking is a characteristic feature of brittle material. Crack propagation in concrete, can lead to failure and FRC has a better resistance against cracking, which behaves like a crack bridge. The strength characteristics will be known by casting and testing the specimen for 7, 14 and 28 days for finding out at what percentage the strength will be achieved. Moreover, optimum compressive and tensile strength of the ...
The impact of natural fibers’ characteristics on mechanical properties of the cement composites
Scientific Reports, 2022
The paper reviews the properties of cement composites reinforced with short fibres. The effect of natural fibres was investigated: cotton, sisal, jute, ramie, bamboo, and synthetic fibres: polymer and polypropylene. It was noticed that the fibres change the consistency of the mixture up to 15%. In the composite flexural strength tests, a change in strength by +/− 8% was observed, depending on the type of fibres used. The research shows that the use of natural fibres had a positive effect on the compressive strength by 27%, while the use of synthetic fibres caused its decrease by 4%. Additionally, it was noticed that the chemical composition, the diameter and the total length of the fibres in the element have an impact on the composite shrinkage. The fibre-containing composites showed an 8% higher water absorption compared to the non-fibre samples. The exception is the ramie fibres, which reduce water absorption. In general, a positive effect of natural fibers on the properties of cement composites has been noticed, however, in case of natural fibres application, a thorough further properties investigation is recommended.
Cement & Concrete Composites, 2006
The influence of the matrix formulation and different amounts of synthetic fiber on physical and mechanical performance of asbestos free fiber cement was evaluated. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber was tested as reinforcement in combination with mechanical and kraft cellulose pulps. Silica-fume, metakaolin and fly ash were used as pozzolanic additions in proportions up to $14% by mass in combination with ordinary Portland cement and carbonatic filler. Bulk densities of composites varied from 1.5 to 1.7 g/cm 3 . Synthetic fiber contents higher than 2% by mass (from 4% to 5% by volume of the composite) were unable to promote any further improvement in the mechanical performance of the composites at the age of 28 days. Formulations with silica fume showed better strength performance for the composites after accelerated aging test. The toughness measurements of composites after exposition to soak and dry cycles also showed that silica fume seems to prevent cellulose fiber degradation.
Characterization of Fiber-Cement Composites Reinforced with Alternate Cellulosic Fibers
Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology-A Applied Sciences and Engineering
The eucalyptus and araucaria fibers were used as alternatives to virgin cellulose common in fiber-cement production. Three different types of these virgin-cellulose replacements were utilized as main raw materials while silica sand was the aggregate. Chemical and physical analyses were performed on the raw materials. In the experiments, the effect of various fiber types on the mechanical strength, water absorption and the density of fiber-cement mixture was studied for 8 wt % additions of these three fiber types. The excess water in homogeneous mixtures of the raw materials was first removed and then samples were pressed and baked in the autoclave. Physical and mechanical tests on these samples indicated that the fiber-cements produced with eucalyptus and araucaria cellulose were mechanically superior than those produced with virgin cellulose.
A review on Properties of Fiber Reinforced Cement-based materials
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 2016
Mixing of horsehair and straw with the clay to form floor and bricks was one of the earliest example in which fiber was utilized to strengthen a brittle matrix. Romualdi was first to propose the use of steel fibers as a reinforcement material in his 1963 and 1964 papers. Since then, a plethora of books and papers have been published on the use of various fibers in cement-based material. Published literature shows huge potential of fibers as a reinforcement material. A comprehensive overview of the published literature on the use of fibers in cement-based material is being presented. Effect of fibers on properties of cement-based material such as workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, shrinkage, impact resistance, fatigue behavior and durability has been presented.
Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composite Materials Using Different Types of Fibers
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal, 2021
An Engineered Cementitious composite is an ultra-ductile cementitious composite that is highly crack resistant, with a tensile strain capacity over that of normal concrete. In this study, three different types of PolyPropylene. fibers are added to cement mortars to determine how they can be used to develop Engineered Cementitious Composites materials. Fibers are used in different (aspect ratios, tensile strengths, and different proportions in volume fraction (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0%) in concrete mixture design. Hardened concrete properties, 28-days splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, cracking width were evaluated. Statistically significant effects were observed for polypropylene fibers on the splitting tensile and flexural strength, toughness indexes, and durability parameters showed an increase in the presence of polypropylene fibers. Increased fiber availability (fiber aspect ratio) in the concrete matrix, in addition to the ability of longer polypropylene fibers to bridge the micro cracks, are suggested as the reasons for the enhancement in mechanical properties. Finally, crack width in fiber-reinforced concrete is affected with fiber property variables (fiber type, length, diameter, and proportion). The experimental results showed that with an increase in fiber length and/or decrease in fiber diameter crack width, decrease significantly.
Cellulosic fiber reinforced cement-based composites: A review of recent research
Construction and Building Materials, 2015
In the last few years, an increase in interest has been given to the use of cellulose fibers as alternatives for conventional reinforcements in composites. The development of commercially viable environmentally friendly and healthy materials based on natural resources is on the rise. In this sense, cellulosic fibers as reinforcements for cement mortar composites constitute a very interesting option for the construction industry. This paper presents a review of the research done during the last years in the area of the cement-based composites reinforced with cellulose fibers. The fibers used, processing methods, mechanical behavior and durability are presented. The main achievements found have been the development of durable cement composites with optimized fibermatrix adhesion. Moreover, the recently developed textile composites will allow obtaining high performance materials reinforced with vegetable fibers.
Developments on vegetable fibre–cement based materials in São Paulo, Brazil: an overview
Cement & Concrete Composites, 2005
Vegetable fibres, which are widely available in most developing countries, can be used as convenient materials for brittle matrix reinforcement, even though they present relatively poor durability performance. Taking into account the fibres mechanical properties, with an adequate mix design, it is possible to develop a material with suitable properties for building purposes. In order to improve the durability of vegetable fibres, this paper presents the approach adopted in the research which is directed towards the development of alternative binders, with controlled free lime, using ground granulated blast furnace slag. Coir fibres demonstrate to be more suitable vegetable fibres for the reinforcement of large components as can be proved by in-use durability performance evaluation of an 11-year old prototype house. More recently, pulp from eucalyptus waste and residual sisal and coir fibres have been studied as a replacement for asbestos in roofing components.