Racialized Women in Sport in Canada: A Scoping Review (original) (raw)

Gender Diversity and Sport: Interdisciplinary perspectives on increasing inclusivity

2022

This timely and urgent text presents cutting-edge research exploring the complexities of barriers to inclusive access to sport and physical activity, and discusses how sport, and society, can move forward beyond the gender binary, in both theory and practice. Sport is one of the most influential, powerful, and visible institutions upholding the gender binary, even as the number of people identifying as transgender and non-binary increases rapidly worldwide. With this rising visibility, societal pressure has been increasing for the equal acceptance of gender diverse people, but while gains have been made in many areas, the participation of intersex, trans and non-binary people in sport remains harshly contested. Bringing together a world-leading team of established and emerging scholars from the UK, USA, and Australia, this collection presents an interdisciplinary analysis of current issues related to the participation of gender diverse individuals in sport and physical activity. Engaging with psychological ideas around identity, prejudice and discrimination, and sports psychology and performance, authors examine evidence that the rules, regulations, and practices that surround physical activity participation – from elite sport to sport in schools, universities, and society at large – are grounded in heteronormative, cisgendered, and sexist practices which unfairly discriminate against gender diverse people. Also including analysis of personal accounts from non-binary and transgender athletes from a range of sports, this is fascinating and essential reading for education, health, and sports professionals who work with and support gender diverse children and adults, as well as academics and students in the fields of psychology, sport psychology, sociology, law, and sports science, and those participating in, and navigating, sport and physical activity spaces.

What do we know about the sporting experiences of gender and sexual minority athletes and coaches? A scoping review

International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2020

What do we know about the sporting experiences of gender and sexual minority athletes and coaches? A scoping review Scholarship on gender and sexual diversity in sport has advanced during the last decade and it is nowadays recognised that we need a better understanding of how to facilitate inclusive sport cultures that allow all people to participate as themselves. The purpose of this scoping review was to map research activity on the sporting experiences of gender and sexual minority (GSM) athletes and coaches, identify gaps in the literature and provide suggestions for future research, policy and practice. Our literature search in four different databases yielded 58 relevant studies. Based on their focal areas, five dominant interconnected themes were identified: (1) identity, (2) discrimination, (3) coming out, (4) the body and (5) strategies for social change. More research is needed on bisexual, transgender and intersex athletes, on GSM coaches and junior athletes, as well as on the intersection of gender and sexuality with other identities and social categories of difference. Combining anti-discrimination policy implementation with gender and sexual diversity education for all those involved in sport could lead to positive changes in some of the issues that GSM athletes and coaches face in sport.

Gender Performance in the Sporting Lives of Young Trans* People

Journal of homosexuality, 2021

This paper explored how UK trans* youth experienced Physical Education (PE) during secondary school, and its impact on remaining physically active. Seven self-identified trans* people aged 14-25 took part in semi-structured interviews. Findings show participants' performances of gender were restricted by practices privileging the "natural" gender binary. Following school, medical procedures or other physical changes were desired in order to "pass" as their chosen gender before physical activity could occur. Recommendations are presented for improvements to PE policy for trans* youth.

Transgender Women Athletes and Elite Sport: A Scientific Review

CCES, 2022

The inclusion of transgender people in sport is relatively new and has proven to be complex. The impacts of inclusion policies, or lack thereof, are significant and reach far beyond sport to affect how trans people are included in other areas of society. Sport can have a positive impact on the physical and mental health of transgender people and can contribute to lifesaving opportunities and enhanced wellness. In 2021, the CCES commissioned E-Alliance to complete a review of scientific and grey literature on transgender athlete participation in competitive sport. Transgender Women Athletes and Elite Sport is a review of research articles published in the English language between 2011 and 2021 inclusive. The report is divided into two sections, one that encompasses biomedical studies and a second that encompasses sociocultural studies. The report’s authors recommend that all reasonable efforts should be made to make sport inclusive and accessible for transgender individuals. However, the scope of this review was limited to binary trans women who are elite athletes and was not sport specific. As a result, the conclusions are not directly applicable to other trans or non-binary populations and other levels of sport. This literature review is one component of a larger scope of work that aims to support leaders and policy makers and provide access to critical research insights.

Kamasz, E. (2018). Transgender people and sports. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(11), p. 572-582.

Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 2018

The essence of sport and fair play is predicated on the assumption that individuals must fall in with one of the preordained categories of female or male. To compete as an athlete, individuals must align themselves as female or male and join the corresponding team. This is not a difficult task for a cisgender person but a transgender one is inevitably going to face unique challenges posed by this binary or dualistic view of sex. This paper considers the precarious situation of transgender athletes and their extraordinary body self-narratives. I review sport policies and the enforcement of the woman's and man's category in sport. I present the barriers and facilitators of physical activity and sport participation among young, transitioning adults. Finally, I would like to muse over the ethis of inclusion of transgender and intersex athletes into a mainstream sport and I discuss whether and on which conditions should transwomen be permitted in female categories in sports.

Operationalization of intersectionality in physical activity and sport research: A systematic scoping review

SSM - Population Health

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Barriers and Motives for Physical Activity and Sports Practice among Trans People: A Systematic Review

Sustainability

This study aimed to analyze the research conducted between 2016 and 2021, regarding barriers and motives for the practice of physical activity (PA), physical exercise (PE), and sports among trans individuals. The searches were carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases between January 2022 and April 2022, and included papers published between October 2016 and December 2021. After reading the full text of the studies, and according to the eligibility criteria previously defined, only six studies met the inclusion criteria. Internal barriers were related to body dissatisfaction and discomfort, discrimination, and fear of other people’s reactions. Regarding external barriers, sports environment, PE environment, and sports participation policies and regulations are the main factors expressed by trans individuals that hinder the practice of sports and PE. The desire to achieve a specific physical form and the role that PE plays in the preparation and/or replacement o...