Efficacy of phytochemicals as immunomodulators in managing COVID-19: a comprehensive view (original) (raw)
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Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences
The current COVID-19 pandemic is the main issue globally, and finding solutions either for disease prevention or treatment is nowadays a key scientific concern. Good immunity can be shown as the only proven method of overcoming or minimizing the adverse effects of virus infections. Since Coronavirus spread, different conventional herbs were used as a traditional medication to enhance people's immunity to combat the virus. Herbs are sources of several phytochemical compounds with compelling bioactivities. A review of the studies concerning herbal plants with proven properties against viral infections is highlighted in the present work. Besides, this work also contains some of the recently published studies related to natural herbs that could be highly beneficial in preventing or treating the infection by Coronavirus. Based on the reviewed literature presented in this update, it was concluded that phytochemical constituents found in many herbs could have a potential role in preven...
Insights in Biology and Medicine, 2021
The outbreak of new coronavirus acute respiratory disease (SARS-CoV-2) has been a major global challenge for the scientific community to save humanity. While, the unviability of the vaccine keeps most classes of society, especially African countries, suffer from the healthcare problem. Conventional medicine plants become the alternative method for the therapeutic because it contains valuable bioactive compounds. This brief review devoted the importance of medicinal plants such as Citrus, olive, garlic, ginger, green tea, woad, broad-leaf privet, Japanese torreya, and saffron crocus, by their antiviral effects (anti-SARS coronavirus, anti-HSV, and anti-HIV diseases) and their promising uses as probable boosters of the immune and anti-inflammatory response from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on scientific reports, bioactive compounds could inhibit 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease and human protein ACE2, where these facts can be attractive to develop effective drugs.
Ayurveda botanicals in COVID-19 management: An in silico multi-target approach
PLOS ONE
The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic in a very short time span. Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine to counter this highly contagious disease. There is an urgent need to find a specific cure for the disease and global efforts are directed at developing SARS-CoV-2 specific antivirals and immunomodulators. Ayurvedic Rasayana therapy has been traditionally used in India for its immunomodulatory and adaptogenic effects, and more recently has been included as therapeutic adjuvant for several maladies. Amongst several others, Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) and Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) play an important role in Rasayana therapy. The objective of this study was to explore the immunomodulatory and anti SARS-CoV2 potential of phytoconstituents from Ashwagandha, Guduchi and Shatavari using network pharmacology and docking. The plant extracts were prepared as per ayurvedic procedu...
Potential plant immunomodulators: A phytotherapy perspective for COVID-19 infection
2021
The emerging trends of pathogens like, Chikungunya virus, Hendra virus, Dengue virus, Nipah virus, SARS virus, Salmonellosis, brucellosis, Arcobacter infection, Swine flu, Campylobacter, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, West Nile virus, SARS-Corona virus since the past 50 years and recently emergence of COVID-19 pandemic disease caused due to novel corona virus in last the month of 2019 in Wuhan city of China and outbreak to the globe and the unavailability of efficient chemotherapy and vaccines, make the whole world to find out new chemotherapy to combat with such pathogenic infectious diseases. This pandemic situation is strongly admiring the acceptance of immunomodulatory drugs as a part of routine diet as well as a drug regimen in the management and treatment of pathogenic infectious diseases. The present report contains the details of potential herbal traditional medicines which have records to been used in ethnic medicines and scientifically reported of significantly boosting the human immune system. The current article might be a good source of information for the researchers and practitioners working in the related fields.
Repurposing of the Herbals as Immune-Boosters in the Prevention and Management of COVID-19: A Review
Coronavirus disease (COvid) is highly contagious, and negligence of it causes high morbidity and mortality globally. The highly infectious viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) was abbreviated as COvid-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) by world Health Organization first time on February 11, 2020, and later on, WHO declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic on 11/3/2020. epidemiological studies demonstrated that the SARS Cov-2 infects the overall population, irrespective of age, gender, or ethnic variation, but it was observed in clinical studies that older and compromised immunity population is much more prone to COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 majorly spread through aeration route in droplet form on sneezing and coughing, or by contact when touching eyes, nose or mouth with the infected hands or any other organs, resulting from mild to severe range of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This literature-based review was done by searching the relevant SCI and SCOPUS papers on the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, herbal formulation, and Ayurveda from the databases, Academia, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate. The present review attempts to recognize the therapeutic strategies to combat Covid-19 because of the current human risk. Indian system of medicine, including herbals, has immense potential in treating and managing various viral infections and provides evidence to utilize Ayurvedic medication to improve immunity. Cumulative research findings suggest that Ayurvedic formulations and herbal immunomodulators (Tino sporacordifolia, Withania somnifera, Crocus sativus, Zafran, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Albizia lebbek, Terminalia chebula, Piper longum, Mangifera indica, Ocimum sanctum, Centella asiatica) are promising in the treatment of outrageous viral infections without exerting adverse effects. Considering the ancient wisdom of knowledge, the herbal formulations would compel healthcare policymakers to endorse Ayurveda formulations to control the Covid-19 pandemic significantly.
Therapeutic Potential of Traditional Indian Herbal Medicine in COVID-19: A Narrative Review
Hospital Practices and Research, 2021
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global challenge to the health care system. A novel agent to combat this deadly virus is still a matter of research. Herbal molecules have served humanity since the beginning. Objectives: This narrative review aims to study the antiviral properties of medicinal plants, which are already effectively used in the past against various viruses. It derives the importance of exploration of such phytochemicals, which can be complementarily used to treat COVID-19. Methods: Studies related to traditional medicine and treatment for viruses were retrieved from databases including PubMed, Google scholar until December 2020 using the keywords SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Immunological, Phyto-chemicals, Traditional Medicine. The resulting publications were analyzed to develop a narrative review on the traditional Indian phytochemicals that have been shown to effectively treat various viral infections and potentially treat or prevent COVID-19. R...
Frontiers in Immunology
Plants have been extensively studied since ancient times and numerous important chemical constituents with tremendous therapeutic potential are identified. Attacks of microorganisms including viruses and bacteria can be counteracted with an efficient immune system and therefore, stimulation of body’s defense mechanism against infections has been proven to be an effective approach. Polysaccharides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and lactones are the important phytochemicals, reported to be primarily responsible for immunomodulation activity of the plants. These phytochemicals may act as lead molecules for the development of safe and effective immunomodulators as potential remedies for the prevention and cure of viral diseases. Natural products are known to primarily modulate the immune system in nonspecific ways. A number of plant-based principles have been identified and isolated with potential immunomodulation activity which justify their use in traditional folklore...
Ayurveda and its Medicinal Plants: Halting the Surge of Covid-19
biomed research publishers, 2020
Meteoric and noxious outbursts of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has shaken the health care systems worldwide. It rapidly transforms into a pandemic and affected the millions of people globally. The conventional system of medicine is combating the diseases with its full potential but owing to absence of any appropriate and certain treatment, it fell short enough to curb it. According to World Health Organization there are currently 62 novel corona virus vaccine candidates, all over the world. But, only two have crossed the stage of preclinical trials and reached the stage of clinical trial. In such scenario, it's become imperative to develop multi dimensional strategies and inclusion of other effective medicinal system like Ayurveda. It possesses a plethora of medicinal plants having immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiviral and antipyretic properties which can be utilized in the management of COVID-19. It also provides various daily life regimens that can enhance immunity and preserve health. The present study attempts to compile the huge number of medicinal plants mentioned in various ayurvedic treatises that can be effectively used in management of disease. Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India is efficiently putting forward this legacy and has taken many measures to combat the disease. Based on previous studies and time tested efficacy, it can be inferred that Ayurvedic medicinal plant and its advocacies can provide a potential breakthrough to combat COVID-19. Therefore, Trans disciplinary and Inter disciplinary researches should be initiated to explore more and effective options.
ROLE OF NATURAL PRODUCT IN PREVENTING COVID-19
The current pandemic of COVID-19 that is spreading across countries originated in Wuhan, China. The single cause of this highly communicable disease is a novel coronavirus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the seventh known virus of the Coronaviridae family capable of infecting humans. The World Health Organization (WHO) welcomes innovations around the world including repurposing drugs, traditional medicines and developing new therapies in the search for potential treatments for COVID-19. In this study the effectiveness of certain medicinal plants for mild and moderate Covid-19 patients were analyzed literately. Thirty number of plants were studied according to their phytochemical properties, traditional uses, therapeutic actions and certain in-vitro studies from articles published in international multidisciplinary journals, newspapers, books, recognized health organizations websites and interviews from the clinicians. The results showed that the plants possess certain phytochemicals which would be effective to boost the immune system, preventing the viral load in the human host, reduce the inflammatory cytokines and improve the blood cells. However pre-clinical and clinical studies should be conducted to prove the efficacy in scientific manner.