Chlorophyll Estimation of Some Potato Clones with Potential Resistance to Late Blight Disease (Phytophthora Infestans) (original) (raw)
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Responses of different potato late blight control technologhies to the use of noninvasive methods
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The present study was conducted to investigate potato late blight influence on leaf chlorophyll level. Field experiments were carried out in the years 2014-2016 to the National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet – Brasov, Romania. It was used a complet randomized block design with four replicates, two planting distance between plants on row and different fungicides. At measurements in early July in 2014 and 2016, the varieties had close SPAD values (SPAD 39.5 and 40.1 for Roclas variety, SPAD 41.9 and 37.5 for Christian variety), which were lower at all varieties compared to the values measured in 2015, at which the SPAD average values were 47.8 at Riviera, 48.0 at Roclas and 49.4 at Christian. In 2014, following the measurements made to Roclas and Christian varieties, there was a close correlation between the SPAD values and the number (0,752 *), respectively the weight of the tubers at nest (0,882 **), while the correlation was negative between the SPA...
Romanian Journal for Plant Protection, 2020
The present study was conducted to investigate potato late blight (Phytophtora infestans) influence on leaf chlorophyll level using datasets extracted from multispectral data captured at the canopy level. Field experiments were carried out to the National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet Brasov, Romania in 2014-2016 period. It was used a complete randomized block design with four replicates, two planting distances between plants on row (25 and 30cm) and different fungicides, control technologies. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was introduced to achieve a spectral vegetation index that can separate the vegetation from the uncovered ground. It is defined as the ratio between the infrared bands-red differences and sum them. Due to the different growth conditions, the effects of resulting variants from combinations of factors-varieties-planting density-late blight control technology-on the tubers yield have manifested with different intensity. In two of three years, the average NDVI value of plants grown at a density of 53.3 thousands hill/ha was significantly lower than the values determined at a density of 44.4 thousands hill/ha (NDVI 0.817 compared to 0.859 in 2014 and 0.905 compared to 0.895 in 2015). The correlation between the average values of NDVI yields and tubers were positive.
Romanian journal of Horticulture
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet Brasov is working constantly to create new potato cultivars adapted to changing climatic conditions, with high yield and resistance to diseases, suitable to the quantitative and qualitative demands of consumers. Field experiments were carried out in the years 2018-2019 using a complete randomized block design with four replicates. Planting was made on 19 April 2018 and on 4 April 2019. In all cases, cultivation and maintenance was in line with current good agricultural practice. Eight Romanian potato cultivars ('Castrum', 'Sarmis', 'Marvis', 'Brașovia', 'Sevastia', 'Christian', 'Asinaria' and 'Cezarina') were examined regarding the foliage and tuber susceptibility to late blight and the disease development during the season. Late blight appeared on July 3, 2018, relatively late compared to previous years. The significant quantities of rainfall and the favourable temperatures of June, when an average of 18.1°C was recorded, provided the necessary conditions for the onset of the late blight epidemic. In 2019 the first late blight spots were observed very early, on May 30 to the 'Brasovia' cv. The relatively high volume of rainfall in May and June, together with the optimum temperatures, led, in addition to the development of plants, to the attack of foliar diseases, whose control was relatively difficult. In 2018, 'Christian' cultivar showed the lowest level of foliage resistance, followed by 'Brasovia', 'Castrum' and 'Sarmis' cultivars presented a medium level of resistance. The cultivars 'Sevastia', 'Asinaria' and 'Marvis' were situated towards the upper limit of the resistance. In 2019 from the studied cultivars, 'Asinaria' and 'Cezarina' have the lowest attack level, followed by 'Braşovia', 'Castrum' and 'Sarmis. Sevastia, 'Marvis' and 'Christian' cultivars were the most susceptible to late blight.
Romanian Agricultural Research
Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight, is a major threat to potato crop all over the world. Fungicides play a crucial role in the integrated control of late blight. Variety choice is dictated by end users who demand cultivars with specific agronomic characters and these are difficult to combine with late blight resistance. The main aim of this research was to test the influence of two different densities (53300 plants/ha and 44400 plants/ha) and two different late blight control technologies (using only contact fungicides - TECH1 and alternative systemic and contact fungicides - TECH2) on the biomass of three highly cultivated varieties (Riviera, Christian and Roclas). The potato canopy of different varieties present large difference regarding stem length and leaf number, shoot and tubers weight in response to the applied technologies. In 2014 conditions, the total biomass of the varieties and combinations of treatments studied did not differ significantly. In 2015...
Advances in Cytology & Pathology
Seven local potato cultivars along with two checks (Kufri Jyoti and Janakdev) were evaluated for their resistance against late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans in 2016 at Pakhribas, Dhankuta, Nepal under field and laboratory conditions. Field experiment was conducted under natural epiphytotic conditions. Laboratory experiments included detached leaf and tuber slice assays under artificially inoculated conditions. In the field, Lumle Kalo and Janakdev showed resistant reaction while cultivars Hale, Rato, Lumle Seto, Kalo and Seto-moderately resistant, and Phulsusceptible to late blight. In detached leaf assay, Janakdev showed highly resistant reaction; Kalo-resistant; Lumle Kalo and Hale-moderately resistant; and Lumle Seto, Rato, Seto and Phul-susceptible reactions. In tuber slice assay, Kalo, Lumle Kalo, Phul and Rato showed resistant reaction; Janakdev and Seto-moderately resistant; and Hale and Lumle Seto-susceptible. The check cultivar Kufri Jyoti gave highly susceptible reactions in all the experiments. Susceptibility levels measured in the detached leaf assay was highly correlated (r =0.70) with converted field scale values, although the correlation was lower for the tuber slice assay (r =0.58). Low correlation in the tuber assay may have also reflected genetic systems and/or structural differences as foliage and tuber blight resistance are not always correlated. Lumle Kalo can be utilized as source of resistance against late blight for breeding and general cultivation by farmers of Pakhribas and similar conditions.
Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal
Developing host resistance is an economic and long-term approach to disease management; however, resistance reactions that differ depending on the genotypes. Potato late blight is the devastating disease caused due to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. In order to identify late blight resistance in potato genotypes, seven local potato cultivars (Bardiya Rato Local, Bardiya Seto Local, Cardinal, Deukhuri Rato Local, Deukhuri Seto Local, Kailali Local and Khumal Ujjowal) were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during October 2018 to January 2019 on naturally infested soils in Deukhuri, Dang, Nepal. Results showed that significantly the highest disease incidence (99.17%), and the highest disease severity (88%) were found on Cardinal followed by Deukhuri Rato Local (64%), and Deukhuri Seto Local (60%). Potato cultivar namely Khumal Ujjowal was moderately resistant, whereas Deukhuri Rato local and Deukhuri Seto Local were susceptible to lat...
2019
Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most devastating diseases of potato. The farmers controllthe disease using a lot of fungicides, spraying between 8-16 times during the season. Field trials were carried out to theNational Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet Brasov during the years 2014 – 2016. It wasused a complet randomized block design with four replicates. Planting was made in 24th 1March 2016 and in 31March2017. In all cases, cultivation and maintenace was in line with current good agricultural practice. In the three years tackinginto study late blight appeared relatively early due to favorable climatic conditions.The assessment used a key on thewhole plant. It assess the overall amount of necrotic tissue per plant on a scale from 1 (resistant) to 9 (highly susceptible).In 2014 the first appearance of late blight was registered on 17 June, in 2015 in 1 July and in 2016 in 31 May. The mainaim of this research was to test the ...
Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas 40(1), 2023
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation is an important agricultural activity in the Andean region. The late blight Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, considered one of the limiting diseases in production, represents a threat to food security and causes losses ranging from 30 to 100% of yield. This research evaluated the response to the disease in four commercial materials widely planted in the department of Nariño. The evaluation was carried out under field conditions, in the municipality of Pasto, at AGROSAVIA's Obonuco research center, with natural inoculum, under a randomized complete block design with four replications. The response variables evaluated were incidence, severity, leaf area index and yield in the commercial categories. The ICA Única variety, reported as highly resistant in 2001, presented damage levels close to 75%, with a yield reduction of 49.88%, caused mainly by low yields of first category tubers, indicating a loss of its level of resistance, with damage levels similar to the highly susceptible control Diacol Capiro, which presented 100% of the area with symptoms of the disease and a reduction of 89% in yield. The genotypes Pastusa Suprema with disease tolerance characteristics and Superior showed the best performance with a severity level of 30% in each case and yield reductions of 30.5% and 40.92%, respectively. The results highlight the importance of these genotypes and their role as pillars in the integrated management of the disease through the planting of varieties with favorable behavior against the disease.
Analele Universităţii din Craiova, 2022
Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) of potato is considered one of the most devastating plant diseases in the world. Most cultivated potatoes are susceptible to this disease. To NIRDPSB Brasov thirteen potato genotypes (leaves and tubers) were evaluated in laboratory conditions for phenotypic scoring against late blight. Isolates were collected from the greenhouse and inoculated with a complex race of late blight differentials (R1-R11). The best results both at the leaf and tuber level were obtained with the genotypes Sasa (R3) x Rustic (Cl1), Agria x Rustic (Cl 1), Sasa x Fribel and Sasa x Florice which provided a durable source of resistance and can be used in a future breeding program. Instead, the genotypes Sasa (R6) x Orchestra, Sasa (R8) x Orchestra, Sasa (R3) x Orchestra, Sasa (R7) x Orchestra showed sensitivity to the action of the pathogen.