SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in Jakarta, Indonesia (original) (raw)
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Public health open access, 2022
Background: Mumbai, with over 12 million residents, is one of the largest cities in India and the capital of the state of Maharashtra that accounted for close to 20% of the total COVID-19 cases in India. Regular serosurveys in Mumbai have shown stark differences in seroprevalence between slum and non-slum areas. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Mumbai residents and assess the impact of the second wave and ongoing vaccination campaign on the population antibodies. By the start of the study period, 63% of Mumbai residents were partially vaccinated and 21% were fully vaccinated for COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence study in all 24 wards of Mumbai between August 12 and September 08, 2021. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody seropositivity was detected using an ELISA based assay. Sociodemographic and exposure related data was collected via a verbal questionnaire to analyse risk factors and association with COVID-19 vaccination. Findings: Of the 8,674 participants recruited, 7,516 were positive for IgG SARS-COV-2, resulting in a crude seroprevalence of 86.6%. Using residence type based on the recruitment location (municipal dispensaries for slum residents and general practitioners for non-slum residents), the difference in prevalence between slum and non-slum is not significant (87.0% vs. 86.2%; RR: 1.009, CI: 0.992-1.026). Seroprevalence was higher in females (88.3%) than in males (85.1%) (RR: 096, CI 95%: 0.94-0.97) Conclusion: Our results suggest that the levels of immunity are high in the Mumbai population across residence types. These findings highlight the extent of virus transmission during the second wave and point to the susceptible population to guide the vaccination strategy and better understand transmission dynamics in urban settings.
PLOS Global Public Health
The international tourist destination of Bali reported its first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 in March 2020. To better understand the extent of exposure of Bali’s 4.3 million inhabitants to the COVID-19 virus, we performed two repeated cross-sectional serosurveys stratified by urban and rural areas. We used a highly specific multiplex assay that detects antibodies to three different viral antigens. We also assessed demographic and social risk factors and history of symptoms. Our results show that the virus was widespread in Bali by late 2020, with 16.73% (95% CI 12.22–21.12) of the population having been infected by that time. We saw no differences in seroprevalence between urban and rural areas, possibly due to extensive population mixing, and similar levels of seroprevalence by gender and among age groups, except for lower seroprevalence in the very young. We observed no difference in seroprevalence between our two closely spaced surveys. Individuals reporting symp...
Reassessing the population based Seroprevalence for IgG antibodies against SARS COV2 in Ahmedabad
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021
Background: Assessing population based seroprevalence can help in monitor the pandemic, and suggest appropriate corrective public health measures. Aims and Objectives: To study seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV2 to understand the pandemic status and deriving valid conclusions for guiding the public health measures for managing the covid19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A serosurveillance study was carried out using population based stratified sampling for the general population of Ahmedabad city. Seroprevalence for Cases, Contacts and Health Care Workers (HCWs) was also estimated as separate additional categories. The seroprevalence was compared with various demographic factors for valid and precise predictions regarding the immunity status of the population. Results: As on October 2020, the seroprevalence for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV2 in the general population of Ahmedabad is 24.20% (95% Confidence Interval 23.57%–24.85%) The sero-positivity has increasing ...
Public Health Open Access, 2022
Background: Mumbai, with over 12 million residents, is one of the largest cities in India and the capital of the state of Maharashtra that accounted for close to 20% of the total COVID-19 cases in India. Regular serosurveys in Mumbai have shown stark differences in seroprevalence between slum and non-slum areas. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Mumbai residents and assess the impact of the second wave and ongoing vaccination campaign on the population antibodies. By the start of the study period, 63% of Mumbai residents were partially vaccinated and 21% were fully vaccinated for COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence study in all 24 wards of Mumbai between August 12 and September 08, 2021. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody seropositivity was detected using an ELISA based assay. Sociodemographic and exposure related data was collected via a verbal questionnaire to analyse risk factors and association with COVID-19 vaccination. Findings: Of the 8,674 participants recruited, 7,516 were positive for IgG SARS-COV-2, resulting in a crude seroprevalence of 86.6%. Using residence type based on the recruitment location (municipal dispensaries for slum residents and general practitioners for non-slum residents), the difference in prevalence between slum and non-slum is not significant (87.0% vs. 86.2%; RR: 1.009, CI: 0.992-1.026). Seroprevalence was higher in females (88.3%) than in males (85.1%) (RR: 096, CI 95%: 0.94-0.97) Conclusion: Our results suggest that the levels of immunity are high in the Mumbai population across residence types. These findings highlight the extent of virus transmission during the second wave and point to the susceptible population to guide the vaccination strategy and better understand transmission dynamics in urban settings.
BMJ Open, 2021
ObjectivesAffordable options for COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance are needed. Virus detection by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) is sensitive but costly, and antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are cheap but with reduced sensitivity; both detect current infection but not exposure. RDT-IgM/IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 detect exposure but have poor sensitivity for current infection. We investigated if the integration of symptomatic, demographical and diet-related comorbidities data with antibody RDTs improves their potential to assess infection rates in addition to exposure, thereby broadening their utility for surveillance.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from community surveillance for SARS-CoV-2. Health workers collected nasopharyngeal swabs for RT-PCR and RDT antigen assessments and venous blood for RDT-IgM/IgG from symptomatic and asymptomatic persons. Data on age, gender, contact history, symptoms (ie, fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, h...
2021
Background: Personnel involved in essential services or residing in high risk areas during the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of getting infected, and higher infection rates among such personnel can paralyze these services due to shortage of staff. Evaluating the proportion of personnel infected can be done using seroprevalence studies or serosurveys.Methods: During July to November, 2020, individuals from multiple high risk groups in 6 urban centres in the state of Odisha, India, which included health care workers, police personnel, municipality/ sanitation staff, residents of urban slums, vendors, press staff, and prisoners, were recruited into the study after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples collected from the study participants were tested for IgG antibodies against COVID-19 in Roche Cobas e441. Information on socio-demographic variables, association with a confirmed or suspected case, symptoms profile of individuals within 30 days, travel and history o...
Effect of Vaccination Status on SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels in Gowa Regency Community, Indonesia
International Journal of Statistics in Medical Research, 2023
Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). One of the body's immune responses to infection is to produce antibodies. Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection initiates cellular and humoral immune responses. The humoral immune response specifically generates antibodies against virus-specific antigens. Several factors influence the immune response, one of which is vaccination status. Therefore, this study aimed to determine and analyze the effect of vaccination status on SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 815 samples was conducted. The proportional random sampling technique was employed based on data obtained from the Seroepidemiology Survey. Data analysis was conducted using the STATA version 14.0 program with the Independent T-Test, Mann Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test, and Multiple logistic regression. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the determinant variables of SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels based on gender (p=0.012), vaccination status (p=0.000), and COVID-19 infection history (p=0.000). Furthermore, the multivariate analysis indicated that vaccination status was the variable most associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels (p = 0.010). The OR value = 0.16 < 1 and 95%CI (0.04-0.65) which did not contain a value of 1 suggested vaccination status to be a significant protective factor associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels, with a probability value of 94.1%. Conclusion: The most influential variable on SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in the Gowa Regency was vaccination status. Moreover, none of the variables measured were identified as confounding factors or showed interaction effects.
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Introduction: Personnel involved in essential services or residing in high-risk areas during the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of getting infected. We evaluated the proportion of personnel infected in several high-risk groups in Odisha using seroprevalence studies. Methodology: During July to November, 2020, individuals from multiple high-risk groups in 6 urban cities (Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Cuttack, Malkangiri, Paralakhemundi, and Rourkela) in Odisha, India, were recruited to the study after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples collected from the study participants were tested for IgG antibodies against COVID-19 in Roche Cobas e441 (Roche Diagnostics, Rotkreuz, Switzerland). Information on socio-demographic variables, association with a confirmed or suspected case, and other details were collected using an electronic data capture tool and analysed with a statistical software. Results: The overall COVID-19 seroprevalence was 34.9% (95%CI 33.6-36.2) among the ...
ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a densely populated urban Indian settings and its implications for disease trends and protective immunity.DesignCross-sectional sero-epidemiological survey linked with administrative reporting of COVID-19 testing data.SettingsPune city in western IndiaMain outcome measurePrevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies were estimated and along with correlates of virus neutralisation and other immune and inflammatory markers.ResultsSeropositivity was extensive (51·3%; 95%CI 39·9 to 62·4) but varied widely in the five localities tested, ranging from 35·8% to 66·4%. Seropositivity was higher in crowded living conditions in the slums (OR 1·91), and was lower in those 65 years or older (OR 0·59). The infection-fatality ratio was estimated at 0.21%. Post survey, COVID-19 incidence was lower in areas noted to have higher seroprevalence. Substantial virus-neutralising activity was observed in seropositive indi...
Indian Journal of Medical Research
Background Assessing the burden of COVID-19 on the basis of medically attended case numbers is suboptimal given its reliance on testing strategy, changing case definitions, and disease presentation. Population-based serosurveys measuring anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) antibodies provide one method for estimating infection rates and monitoring the progression of the epidemic. Here, we estimate weekly seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the population of Geneva, Switzerland, during the epidemic. Methods The SEROCoV-POP study is a population-based study of former participants of the Bus Santé study and their household members. We planned a series of 12 consecutive weekly serosurveys among randomly selected participants from a previous population-representative survey, and their household members aged 5 years and older. We tested each participant for anti-SARS-CoV-2-IgG antibodies using a commercially available ELISA. We estimated seroprevalence using a Bayesian logistic regression model taking into account test performance and adjusting for the age and sex of Geneva's population. Here we present results from the first 5 weeks of the study. Findings Between April 6 and May 9, 2020, we enrolled 2766 participants from 1339 households, with a demographic distribution similar to that of the canton of Geneva. In the first week, we estimated a seroprevalence of 4•8% (95% CI 2•4-8•0, n=341). The estimate increased to 8•5% (5•9-11•4, n=469) in the second week, to 10•9% (7•9-14•4, n=577) in the third week, 6•6% (4•3-9•4, n=604) in the fourth week, and 10•8% (8•2-13•9, n=775) in the fifth week. Individuals aged 5-9 years (relative risk [RR] 0•32 [95% CI 0•11-0•63]) and those older than 65 years (RR 0•50 [0•28-0•78]) had a significantly lower risk of being seropositive than those aged 20-49 years. After accounting for the time to seroconversion, we estimated that for every reported confirmed case, there were 11•6 infections in the community. Interpretation These results suggest that most of the population of Geneva remained uninfected during this wave of the pandemic, despite the high prevalence of COVID-19 in the region (5000 reported clinical cases over <2•5 months in the population of half a million people). Assuming that the presence of IgG antibodies is associated with immunity, these results highlight that the epidemic is far from coming to an end by means of fewer susceptible people in the population. Further, a significantly lower seroprevalence was observed for children aged 5-9 years and adults older than 65 years, compared with those aged 10-64 years. These results will inform countries considering the easing of restrictions aimed at curbing transmission.