A Survey on Energy Efficient Strategies for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Computer Applications, 2013
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) comprise of a large number of sensor nodes. These sensor nodes have limited energy resources, processing and storage capabilities. The network layer protocols have thus to ensure reliable communication under these conditions. A higher network lifetime is one of the key issues of WSNs. Clustering is a very basic topological concept that cuts down the energy expenditure in WSNs. At present, majority of research is directed towards a homogeneous environment, wherein all the sensor nodes have initially the same amount of energy. Contrary to this, in a heterogeneous environment, a certain population of the sensor nodes is furnished with additional energy resources, thus leading to an energy-hierarchy. This heterogeneity in the sensor nodes results in a higher network lifetime. In this paper, we have proposed an energy efficient clustering scheme called ETDEEC (Enhanced Threshold Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering). Simulation results demonstrate the protocol performs better in terms of network lifetime and packet delivery capacity as compared to others.
Energy dependent cluster formation in heterogeneous wireless sensor network
Microsystem Technologies, 2018
The applications of Wireless Sensor Network is increasing rapidly in almost every domain. So, the limited node's battery life in the network should be utilized efficiently. Various approaches have been proposed earlier to lessen the usage of energy in the network and to enhance the network lifespan. In this paper we are proposing an approach for efficient cluster head selection namely Energy Dependent Cluster Formation in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (EDCF) to enhance the lifespan of network. The simulation of the proposed EDCF technique is performed in MATLAB simulator and to measure its performance the comparison is performed with various existing protocols. The proposed EDCF protocol has shown the enhancement in the lifespan of the network as compared to the previous clustering approaches.
The major challenge for wireless sensor networks is energy consumption minimization. Wireless transmission consumes much more of energy. In the clustered network, a few nodes become cluster heads which causes the energetic heterogeneity. Therefore the behavior of the sensor network becomes very unstable. Hence, the need to apply the balancing of energy consumption across all nodes of the heterogeneous network is very important to prevent the death of those nodes and thereafter increase the lifetime of the network. DEEC (Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering) is one of routing protocols designed to extend the stability time of the network by reducing energy consumption. A disadvantage of DEEC, which doesn't takes into account the cluster size and the density of nodes in this cluster to elect the cluster heads. When multiple cluster heads are randomly selected within a small area, a big extra energy loss occurs. The amount of lost energy is approximately proportional to the number of cluster heads in this area. In this paper, we propose to improve DEEC by a modified energy efficient algorithm for choosing cluster heads that exclude a number of low energy levels nodes due to their distribution density and their dimensions area. We show by simulation in MATLAB that the proposed approach increases the number of received messages and prolong the lifetime of the network compared to DEEC. We conclude by studying the parameters of heterogeneity that proposed technique provides a longer stability period which increases by increasing the number of nodes which are excluded from the cluster head selection.
ArXiv, 2014
Wireless sensor networks are composed of low cost and extremely power constrained sensor nodes which are scattered over a region forming self organized networks, making energy consumption a crucial design issue. Thus, finite network lifetime is widely regarded as a fundamental performance bottleneck. These networks are used for various applications such as field monitoring, home automation, medical data collection or surveillance. Research has shown that clustering sensor nodes is an efficient method to manage energy consumption for prolonging the network lifetime. Presence of heterogeneity enhances the lifetime and reliability in network. In this paper, we present the distributed and energy efficient clustering protocols which follow the thoughts of Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering protocol. Objective of our work is to analyze that how these extended routing protocols work in order to optimize network lifetime and how routing protocols are improved. We emphasizes on issues e...
Energy Efficient Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks: Research and Challenges
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2015
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are used in multiplicity arenas which embraces environmental monitoring, healthcare, battle field, biological, home, disaster management and other commercial applications. With the massive progression in the arena of embedded computer and sensor technology, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), that is composed of numerous thousands of sensor nodes which are proficient of sensing, actuating, and relaying the unruffled information, have made remarkable impact universally. This paper proposed the concept of energy efficient clustering for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks by the use of solar powered nodes. Furthermore the configurability of sensor nodes in instance of any disaster occur, as well as propositioning a new sensor node, which will make the network reliable and increase the lifespan of the network.
Comparison of Energy Efficient Clustering Protocols in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless sensor networks are an emerging technology for monitoring physical world. The energy constraint of Wireless sensor networks makes energy saving and Prolonging the network lifetime become the most important goals of various routing protocols. Clustering is a key technique used to extend the lifetime of a sensor network by reducing energy consumption. Also Putting few heterogeneous nodes in wireless sensor network is an effective way to increase the network lifetime and stability. The energy saving schemes for homogeneous wireless sensor networks do not perform efficiently when applied to heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Thus, Energy efficient clustering protocols should be designed for the characteristic of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. This paper surveys different energy efficient clustering protocols for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks and compares these protocols on various points like, location awareness, clustering method, heterogeneity level and clustering Attributes.
Computer Communications, 2006
The clustering Algorithm is a kind of key technique used to reduce energy consumption. It can increase the scalability and lifetime of the network. Energy-efficient clustering protocols should be designed for the characteristic of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. We propose and evaluate a new distributed energy-efficient clustering scheme for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which is called DEEC. In DEEC, the cluster-heads are elected by a probability based on the ratio between residual energy of each node and the average energy of the network. The epochs of being cluster-heads for nodes are different according to their initial and residual energy. The nodes with high initial and residual energy will have more chances to be the cluster-heads than the nodes with low energy. Finally, the simulation results show that DEEC achieves longer lifetime and more effective messages than current important clustering protocols in heterogeneous environments.
Developed Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DDEEC) for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
2010 5th International Symposium On I/V Communications and Mobile Network, 2010
Typically, a wireless sensor network contains an important number of inexpensive power constrained sensors, which collect data from the environment and transmit them towards the base station in a cooperative way. Saving energy and therefore, extending the wireless sensor networks lifetime, imposes a great challenge. Clustering techniques are largely used for these purposes. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a clustering technique called a Developed Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering scheme for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. This technique is based on changing dynamically and with more efficiency the cluster head election probability. Simulation results show that our protocol performs better than the Stable Election Protocol (SEP) by about 30% and than the Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DEEC) by about 15% in terms of network lifetime and first node dies.
In recent advances, many routing protocols have been proposed based on heterogeneity with main research goals such as achieving the energy efficiency, lifetime, deployment of nodes, fault tolerance, latency, in short high reliability and robustness. In this paper, we have proposed an energy efficient cluster head scheme, for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, by modifying the threshold value of a node based on which it decides to be a cluster head or not, called TDEEC (Threshold Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering) protocol. Simulation results show that proposed algorithm performs better as compared to others.
A Novel Protocol for Energy Efficient Clustering for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks
2013
The Wireless sensor network (WSN) consisting of a large number of sensors are effective for gathering data in a variety of environments. Sensors are usually randomly deployed where battery replacement or recharge is difficult or even impossible to be performed. In this paper, we first completely analyze the basic distributed clustering routing protocol LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). All classical schemes consider that all nodes are deployed with same amount of energy. Here we consider a heterogeneous medium, i.e. each node is provided with varying power levels called Heterogeneous - Hybrid Energy Efficient Distributed Protocol (H-HEED). Heterogeneity can be implemented by various parameters here we consider node energy as the basic parameter. Transmitting data from each node of the sensor field may lead to high power consumption and unreliable network lifetime. In order to avoid this we go for clustering and election of cluster heads. Cluster head alone transmits ...