Fixed Exchange Rates and Monetarism: The Italian Case (original) (raw)

2003-01 Firm Property Rights, Bargaining, and Internalization

2003

Coase’s seminal 1960 paper on externalities is associated with the so-called Coase Theorem which is stated in the literature in many forms. However, its main thrust was less to state a theorem than to challenge Pigou’s earlier insistence on the need for government intervention through Pigouvian taxes to achieve internalisation of externalities. Coase argued instead that private party bargaining can be relied upon to internalise externalities, but equally insisted that establishing clear and firm property rights is a precondition to successful internalisation achieving bargaining. Similar thinking has lead to clear definitions of property rights becoming a key part of World Bank conditionality in the environmental area. This paper discusses the underpinnings of this position, arguing that it is little researched and subject to challenge. We first show how Coase only considered one type of property right, and where others such as compensation rights are allowed for the property right ...

The Journey to Universal Legal Aid: Protecting the Criminally Accuseds' Charter Rights by Introducing a Public Defender System to Ontario

2018

There is a significant gap between the demand for legal aid and Legal Aid Ontario (LAO)'s ability to fulfill that demand, meaning that there is a sizeable percentage of the population who, when facing criminal charges, neither qualify for legal aid nor can afford legal representation. This has the effect of denying the accused their Charter protected right to a fair trial and their ability to make full answer and defence, as studies show that a self-represented accused faces significant barriers at trial leading to negative outcomes. The few mechanisms available to help assist a self- represented accused with their charges do not go far enough to remedy these situations (twenty minutes with Duty Counsel or assistance from a Trial Judge), absorb too many resources (Rowbotham applications), or are too situational (Fisher/Peterman orders). As a whole, LAO's unsustainability results from two major problems: demand fluctuates year-to-year, which causes a constant shift in resourc...

2016-4 Demand and Supply Effects and Returns to College Education - Evidence from a Natural Experiment with Engineers in Denmark

2016

The demand and supply model predicts that a larger relative net supply of a particular skill group will negatively affect its relative wage. To test this, we use the opening of a new university in Denmark as a natural experiment. We show that the opening of Aalborg University created a shock to the supply of structural engineers in the mid-1980s. Because Aalborg University did not have a chemical engineering program, we use chemical engineers as a control group and find that the wages of structural engineers dropped in and around 1984, when the supply of structural engineers peaked.

The role of language in processes of internationalization: Considering linguistic heterogeneity and voices from within and out in two diverse contexts in Ontario

Comparative and International Education Education Comparee Et Internationale, 2013

This multi-authored paper considers the role of language and linguistic heterogeneity in relation to larger discourses and processes of internationalization and globalization in Canadian higher education by examining linguistic practices as well as students' perspectives in two particular educational contexts in Ontario: newly arrived adult students participating in Immigrant language training programs; and Franco-Ontarian students transitioning to post-secondary schools and gaining access to higher education. The authors argue for a multidimensional conceptual approach to theorizing internationalization; one that takes into account the significance of language from the global, transnational and local levels of the social world whereby linguistic heterogeneity is viewed as the "norm". This approach allows for a broader and deeper engagement when considering what international education might mean, particularly for citizenship, integration, and linguistic minorities in Canada.