Comparison of Single Task and Dual Task Balance Training on the Quality of Life of Elderly with Balance Impairment (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2020
Background and Purpose: Balance is controlled through a complex process involving sensory, visual, vestibular and cerebral functioning which get affected by various neurological disorders such as fall. The purpose of the study was to compare the efficiency of three different balance training strategies in an effort to understand the mechanisms underlying training-related changes in dual task balance performance of older adults with balance impairment. Methods: 45 older adults with balance impairment were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups. Group one received single task balance training, group two received dual task training balance training under fixed priority, group three received dual task balance training under variable priority. Subjects received one-hour individualized training sessions, five times in a week for two weeks. Berg balance scale and time up and go test were the outcome measure and their scores for all groups were taken prior and after the training. Results: One-way analysis of variance was used to analyse the difference among the balance improvement in Group one, two and three. And the results revealed that post intervention scores were highly significant (p£ 0.05) in group two and group three performed better than group one. Conclusion: In conclusion, dual task training is effective in improving balance under dual task context in older adults with balance impairment, and single task training may not generalize to balance performance under dual task conditions.
Physical therapy, 2021
Objective. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of integrated and consecutive cognitive dual-task balance training in older adults on balance, fear of falling, and gait performance. Methods. Fifty-eight participants (age >65 years) were randomly assigned to an integrated dual-task training group (IDTT) (n = 29) and consecutive dual-task training group (CDTT) (n = 29). Balance exercises and cognitive tasks were performed simultaneously by the IDTT group and consecutively by the CDTT group for 8 weeks. Balance was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale as a primary outcome measure and the Timed "Up & Go" Test (TUG) (standard-cognitive), fear of falling was assessed using the Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale, and gait speed was assessed using the 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) (under single-task and dual-task conditions). All tests were performed before and after the training. Results. There was no difference in group-time interaction in the Berg Balance Scale, TUG-standard, 10MWT-single task, and 10MWT-dual task tests. Group-time interaction was different in the TUG-cognitive and Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale scores. Also, the effect of time was significantly different in all scales except for the 10MWT-single task in both groups. Conclusion. At the end of the 8-week training period, the impact of integrated and consecutive dual-task balance training on balance and gait performance in older adults was not statistically significantly different. This study suggests that consecutive dual-task balance training can be used as an alternative method to increase balance performance and gait speed in older adults who cannot perform integrated dual-task activities. Impact. There were no significant differences between the effects of the 2 dual-task training methods on balance and gait speed, suggesting that the consecutive dual-task balance training method can be used to improve the balance and gait of older adults. CDTT can be performed safely and considered as an alternative method for use in many rehabilitation training programs with older adults who cannot perform simultaneous activities.
Training of Balance Under Single and Dual-Task Conditions in Older Adults With Balance Impairment
2006
Background and Purpose. Traditionally, rehabilitation programs emphasize training balance under single-task conditions to improve balance and reduce risk for falls. The purpose of this case report is to describe 3 balance training approaches in older adults with impaired balance. Case Descriptions. Three patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 interventions: (1) single-task balance training, (2) dual-task training under a fixed-priority instructional set, and (3) dual-task training under a variable-priority instructional set. Outcomes. The patients who received balance training under dual-task conditions showed dual-task training benefits; these training benefits were maintained for 3 months. The patient who received variable-priority training showed improvement on novel dual tasks. Discussion. Older adults may be able to improve their balance under dual-task conditions only following specific types of balance training. This case report gives insight on how this intervention might be combined with more traditional physical therapy intervention. [Silsupadol P, Siu KC, Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott MH. Training of balance under singleand dual-task conditions in older adults with balance impairment. Phys Ther. 2006;86:269 -281.] 27 Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott M, Kerns KA, Baldwin M. The effects of two types of cognitive tasks on postural stability in older adults with and without a history of falls.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 2 different instructional sets of dual task training conditions, fixed-priority instruction (FP) versus variable-priority instruction (VP) on dual task performance in older adults with balance impairment. Community dwelling older adults (n=30) with balance impairment who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included for the study. The subjects were explained about the purpose and nature of the study. All participants received 45-minute training sessions, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Dependent variables Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Activities based Confidence Scale (ABC) were measured before and after 4 week training program. Significant interaction and main effects were further explained by paired and unpaired t-test and wilcoxon test. Within groups, analysis showed that there is improvement in BBS and ABC scores after 4 weeks training programs in both groups. Between groups, analysis showed that there is significant improvement (P 0.05) of both BBS and ABC scores in VP (variable priority) group when compared to FP (fixed priority) group. Dual task balance training under variable priority is more effective in improving balance of older adults.
Clinical Rehabilitation, 2014
Objective: To give the rationale and evidence for and a detailed description of a rehabilitation programme of proven effectiveness in improving balance in older adults. Background theory and evidence: Based on the knowledge that balance loss usually occurs in situations when attention is divided, especially when being older, and that balance control relies on the interaction of several physiological systems, we have developed a specific and progressive balance training programme with dual- and multi-task exercises for older adults. Practical application: Balance demanding exercises, specific to the various components of balance control and to situations in daily life, were performed in sitting, standing and walking at three different levels of progression (basic, moderate and advanced) of increasing difficulty and complexity. The training was performed in 45-minutes group sessions, with 6–10 participants in each group, three times per week during 12 weeks, with two or three physioth...
Effectiveness of multi-component balance speciic training on active community-dwelling elderly
2013
Introduction: Although impaired balance function is an important risk factor for unexpected falls in the elderly there is still no agreement regarding the type and intensity of training to decrease this impairment. Purpose: The purpose of our study was to determine the eficacy of a specially developed multi-component balance-speciic exercise programme with special emphasis on training on a compliant surface to improve the balance of active elderly living in an urban environment. Methods: The training group consisted of 26 elderly, aged 69.6 ± 6.6 years. They participated in training twice a week for 12 weeks. A force platform was used to determine the movement of the body’s centre of pressure during sensory organisation tests: quiet stance on a hard and compliant surface with eyes open and closed. To evaluate functional balance skills the four square step test and timed 10 m walk tests were assessed. Results: After the training period the centre of pressure movement while standing o...
Comparison of two balance training programs on balance in community dwelling older adults
Geriatric Care, 2016
Impaired balance has been associated with an increased risk for falls and a resulting increase in the mortality rate of elder people. Thus, balance-training interventions have an important place in fall prevention. This study was designed with the purpose of identifying the appropriate balance-training program for community dwelling elderly adults with an active lifestyle. A sample of 70 elderly adults were randomly allocated into two groups: group 1 (n=35) received general balance and mobility exercise; group 2 (n=35) received specific balance strategy training. The intervention consisted of 5 sessions/week for 4 weeks. The outcome measures were <em>Timed up and go test</em> (TUGT) and <em>Berg balance scale</em> (BBS). An inter-group (2-way mixed model analysis of co-variance) and intra-group (repeated measures) analysis was done to find the change in balance scores. After the intervention, the TUGT scores in group 1 were, mean=10.38 s, standard deviation (...
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy., 2018
The main impact of pathologies in geriatric population is falling due to abnormal gait deviations. Thus, fear of falling reduces their mobility that prevents independent living in geriatrics. Mobility depends on person's ability and perception to complete a task. Multiple task training is an interaction of motor and somatosensory inputs. Improvement of gait in geriatrics depends upon the type of task and environment, potentially due to cognitive dysfunction and reduced cognitive performance. Purpose of this study: Geriatric persons were trained with multiple task activity and mental tasking which may help them to improve their gait balance in the altered environment and eventually improve their gait task and reduced chances of fall. Materials and Method: 40 normal geriatric individuals were taken in 2 groups. One group was trained with multiple task exercise while the other was trained with the same and cognitive task for the period of 4 weeks. Gait balance is measured by Berg balance score and Time up and go test. Results: The independent t-test shows significant (p<0.05) difference between groups and the mean comparison shows multiple tasking with cognitive tasking has a better impact in improving gait balance in geriatric population. Conclusion: Multiple tasks exercises with cognitive task can be used as a better tool to improve the gait balance than the multiple task exercises
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.10\_Issue.7\_July2020/IJHSR\_Abstract.036.html, 2020
Introduction: Balance is an important aspect of an individual while undertaking various daily activities. It is a dynamic process requiring sensory detection of body motions, integration of sensorimotor information within the CNS, and execution of appropriate musculoskeletal responses in order to establish equilibrium between destabilizing and stabilizing forces. Among geriatric population, impairment in the control of balance under dual-task conditions is a common occurrence. Impaired dual-task balance performance predicts adverse outcomes such as falls and decline in both cognitive and physical function. Objectives: To assess balance using One Leg Stance Test and Forward Reach Test, To assess level of confidence using Activity Specific Balance Confidence scale, To train healthy geriatrics with conventional balance exercises along with auditory stimulus (group A), visual stimulus (group B) and auditory and visual stimuli combined (group C);To compare the effect on balance post training in three groups. Methodology: 93 healthy geriatrics between the age group of 65-74 years were randomly allocated into three groups (A, B ,C).Balance assessment was done pre and post one month treatment using OLST and FRT. Treatment sessions were carried out thrice a week for 4 weeks. Each balance training session lasted for 45 minutes. Conventional balance exercises were given for all the three groups along with auditory stimulus (group A), visual stimulus (group B) and auditory and visual stimuli combined (group C). Result: Results show statistically highly significant improvement in OLST, FRT and ABC scores of three groups when compared pre and post training. Changes in OLST duration, FRT distance and percentage of ABC scores from pre to post between groups was statistically not significant. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is no significant difference between the three groups post intervention i.e. all the three treatment strategies are equally effective.