Metabolic Effects of Breaking Prolonged Sitting With Standing or Light Walking in Older South Asians and White Europeans: A Randomized Acute Study (original) (raw)
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European Journal of Applied Physiology
Purpose This study examined the acute effects of interrupting sitting with light-intensity walking on postprandial cardiometabolic risk markers in South Asian adults. Methods South Asians with overweight/obesity (n = 19; body mass index [BMI] > 23 kg·m−2) and normal-weight (n = 8; BMI 18.0–22.9 kg·m−2) aged 48.8 ± 5.6 years completed two, 5-h conditions: (1) prolonged sitting (SIT), and (2) interrupted sitting with 5-min bouts of light-intensity walking every 30-min (INT-SIT). Blood samples and resting expired air samples were collected throughout each condition. Statistical analyses were completed using linear mixed models. Results In participants with overweight/obesity, postprandial glucose, triglycerides (TAG) and metabolic load index (MLI) over time were lower, whereas resting substrate utilisation and resting energy expenditure (REE) were higher, in INT-SIT than SIT (all p ≤ 0.05). Compared with SIT (0.18 [95% CI 0.13, 0.22] kcal.min−1), INT-SIT (0.23 [95% CI 0.18, 0.27] kc...
Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2015
Aim: To compare the cumulative (three-day) effect of prolonged sitting on metabolic responses during a mixed meal tolerance test (MTT), with sitting that is regularly interrupted with brief bouts of light-intensity walking. Research design and methods: Overweight/obese adults (n=19) were recruited for a randomized, three-day, outpatient, crossover trial involving: 1) 7-hour days of uninterrupted sitting (SIT); and, 2) 7-hour days of sitting with light-intensity activity breaks [BREAKS; 2-minutes of treadmill walking (3.2 km/hour) every 20 minutes (total: 17 breaks/day)]. On days 1 and 3, participants underwent a MTT (75g carbohydrate, 50g fat), and the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was calculated from hourly blood samples. GEE models were adjusted for gender, BMI, energy intake, treatment order and pre-prandial values to determine effects of time, condition and time x condition. Results: The glucose iAUC was 1.3 ± 0.5 and 1.5 ± 0.5 mmol.hr.L-1 (mean difference ± SEM) highe...
Front Physiol, 2019
Background: Cultural, environmental and logistical factors challenge the Qatari population, particularly females, to engage in physical activity, and there is a high prevalence of diabetes in this population. Sedentary behavior is associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk and early mortality and breaking up sitting can attenuate postprandial cardiometabolic risk markers. However, no studies have evaluated the cardiometabolic response to breaking up sitting in a Qatari population. Purpose: To examine the effects of breaking up sitting with moderate-intensity walking breaks on cardiometabolic disease markers in Qatari females. Methods: Eleven sedentary (sitting ≥ 7 h/day) females completed two experimental conditions in a cross-over randomized design. The two conditions were identical, except participants either remained seated for 5-h (SIT), or interrupted their sitting every 30-min with a 3-min walk (WALK) on a motorized treadmill (rating of perceived exertion 12-14). A fasting venous blood sample was obtained at baseline (-10-min) followed by samples at 0.5-, 1-, 2-, 3-, 3.5-, 4-, and 5-h. Postprandial cardiometabolic variables (insulin, glucose, triglycerides) were calculated as derivatives of total area under the curve [AUC; total (tAUC), net incremental (iAUC) and positive AUC]. Results: Data is reported as effect size; ±90% confidence limit. There was a most likely "moderate" lower tAUC (−0.92 ± 0.26), iAUC (−0.96 ± 0.33), and positive AUC (−0.96 ± 0.33) for insulin in WALK compared to SIT. Additionally, there was a most likely "moderate" lower tAUC (−0.63 ± 0.37), iAUC (−0.91 ± 0.49), and positive AUC (−0.91 ± 0.49) for triglycerides in WALK compared to SIT. Glucose did not differ between conditions. Conclusion: Breaking up prolonged sitting with moderate-intensity walking offers a culturally compatible intervention to acutely improve cardiometabolic risk markers in
The Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting with Light-intensity Walking Attenuated Postprandial Hyperglycemia
Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference
Introduction: Sedentary behaviour is a risk factor for comorbidities and mortality regardless of physical activity level. Experimental data show interrupting prolonged sitting is beneficially associated with metabolic risk. This study therefore investigated the acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with light-intensity walking on postprandial hyperglycemia in healthy adults. Methods: This study involved 30 normoglycemic participants aged (20.9 ± 1.8 years), body weight (56.3 ± 9.2 kg), height (162.8 ± 8.0 cm), BMI (21.2 ± 2.9), systolic blood pressure (78.9 ± 12.9 mmHg), and heart rate (79.8 ± 12.9 per minute). Each of the study participants were given a standard 75-grams glucose. The treatment of the participants was divided into two trials. First, the control trial, the participants were instructed to sit for five straight hours. The profile of changes in blood glucose was taken at an inverval of 30 minutes from minutes 0, 30, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 300. Second, th...
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2013
Background: Sedentary behavior is a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. Regularly interrupting sedentary behavior with activity breaks may lower this risk. Objective: We compared the effects of prolonged sitting, continuous physical activity combined with prolonged sitting, and regular activity breaks on postprandial metabolism. Design: Seventy adults participated in a randomized crossover study. The prolonged sitting intervention involved sitting for 9 h, the physical activity intervention involved walking for 30 min and then sitting, and the regular-activity-break intervention involved walking for 1 min 40 s every 30 min. Participants consumed a meal-replacement beverage at 60, 240, and 420 min. Results: The plasma incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for insulin differed between interventions (overall P , 0.001). Regular activity breaks lowered values by 866.
American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism, 2021
OBJECTIVE To determine whether interrupting prolonged sitting improves glycemic control and the metabolic profile of free-living adults with obesity. METHODS Sixteen sedentary individuals (10 women/6 men; median [IQR] age 50 years, ] kg/m 2 ) were fitted with continuous glucose and activity monitors for 4 weeks. After a 1-week baseline period, participants were randomized into habitual lifestyle (Control) or Frequent Activity Breaks from Sitting (FABS) intervention groups. Each day, between 0800-1800 h, FABS received smartwatch notifications to break sitting with 3 min of low-to-moderate-intensity physical activity every 30 min. Glycemic control was assessed by OGTT and continuous glucose monitoring. Blood samples and vastus lateralis biopsies were taken for assessment of clinical chemistry and the skeletal muscle lipidome, respectively. Compared to baseline, FABS increased median steps by 744 ) and walking time by 10.4 (IQR [2.2-24.6]) min per day. Other indices of activity/sedentary behavior were unchanged. Glucose tolerance and average 24-h glucose curves were also unaffected. However, mean (±SD) fasting glucose levels (-0.34 [±0.37] mmol/L) and daily glucose variation (%CV; -2 [±2.2]%) reduced in FABS, suggesting a modest benefit for glycemic control that was most robust at higher volumes of daily activity. Clinical chemistry and the skeletal muscle lipidome were largely unperturbed, although 2 long-chain triglycerides increased 1.25-fold in FABS, post-intervention. All parameters remained stable in Control. CONCLUSIONS Under free-living conditions, FABS lowered fasting glucose and glucose variability. Larger volumes of activity breaks from sitting may be required to promote greater health benefits.
PLOS ONE, 2021
The objective of this study was to compare acute effects of prolonged sitting, prolonged standing and sitting interrupted with regular activity breaks on vascular function and postprandial glucose metabolism. In a randomized cross-over trial, 18 adults completed: 1. Prolonged Sitting; 2. Prolonged Standing and 3. Sitting with 2-min walking (5 km/h, 10% incline) every 30 min (Regular Activity Breaks). Flow mediated dilation (FMD) was measured in the popliteal artery at baseline and 6 h. Popliteal artery hemodynamics, and postprandial plasma glucose and insulin were measured over 6 h. Neither raw nor allometrically-scaled FMD showed an intervention effect (p = 0.285 and 0.159 respectively). Compared to Prolonged Sitting, Regular Activity Breaks increased blood flow (overall effect of intervention p<0.001; difference = 80%; 95% CI 34 to 125%; p = 0.001) and net shear rate (overall effect of intervention p<0.001; difference = 72%; 95% CI 30 to 114%; p = 0.001) at 60 min. These differences were then maintained for the entire 6 h. Prolonged Standing increased blood flow at 60 min only (overall effect of intervention p<0.001; difference = 62%; 95% CI 28 to 97%; p = 0.001). Regular Activity Breaks decreased insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC) when compared to both Prolonged Sitting (overall effect of intervention P = 0.001; difference = 28%; 95% CI 14 to 38%; p<0.01) and Prolonged Standing (difference = 19%; 95% CI 4 to 32%, p = 0.015). There was no intervention effect on glucose iAUC or total AUC (p = 0.254 and 0.450, respectively). In normal-weight participants, Regular Activity Breaks induce increases in blood flow, shear stress and improvements in postprandial metabolism that are associated with beneficial adaptations. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour messages should perhaps focus more on the importance of frequent movement rather than simply replacing sitting with standing.
Diabetologia, 2017
We aimed to examine the effects of breaking sitting with standing and light-intensity walking vs an energy-matched bout of structured exercise on 24 h glucose levels and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. In a randomised crossover study, 19 patients with type 2 diabetes (13 men/6 women, 63 ± 9 years old) who were not using insulin each followed three regimens under free-living conditions, each lasting 4 days: (1) Sitting: 4415 steps/day with 14 h sitting/day; (2) Exercise: 4823 steps/day with 1.1 h/day of sitting replaced by moderate- to vigorous-intensity cycling (at an intensity of 5.9 metabolic equivalents [METs]); and (3) Sit Less: 17,502 steps/day with 4.7 h/day of sitting replaced by standing and light-intensity walking (an additional 2.5 h and 2.2 h, respectively, compared with the hours spent doing these activities in the Sitting regimen). Blocked randomisation was performed using a block size of six regimen orders using sealed, non-translucent envelopes. I...
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2018
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the possible relationship between sitting time and physical activity and the risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components. Analyses were conducted in the whole sample, and with stratification according to BMI. We have formulated a hypothesis that individuals with different BMIs have different responses to metabolic health modifiers such as physical activity and sitting time. MATERIAL AND METHODS Altogether, the data from 10 367 participants from urban and rural areas, aged 37-66 years were used in the study (7479 of whom were overweight or obese). The definition of metabolic syndrome devised by the IDF Joint Interim Statement criteria using an ethnic-specific cut-off point for waist circumference as the central obesity criterion was used. RESULTS In all analyzed BMI groups, longer sitting time was only associated with abdominal obesity (all p for trend <0.05). In participants declaring low physical activity levels, the...