From classical to 3D archaeology (original) (raw)
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ENGINEERING CAD TOOLS IN DIGITAL ARCHAEOLOGY
2014
This paper presents an original approach in the virtual reconstruction of destroyed ancient monument types which have no similarities to other standing monuments, or documentation about the design of these constructions. In this case the virtual reconstruction is a challenging act, which can be done using a large variety of designs. These designs must be validated not just from an archaeological or historical, but also from an engineering point of view, to create valid virtual models from the construction's point of view. For this reason the authors chose to create the virtual reconstructions in Computer Aided Design (CAD) environment, in the detriment of design software's, because it's easier to create the virtual models and to do the simulations in the same software environment. Also in this paper are presented different reconstruction methods (photogrammetry using profile drawings and knowledge database creation) that can be achieved with the use of CAD software. The authors used different levels of details (LOD), which can be helpful in the validation process, where can be observed the structure of the monuments very detailed, and for renderings for dissemination. The case study was conducted on a destroyed Dacian watch tower by an interdiscipli-nary team composed of archaeologists, historians and engineers. The reconstruction of the watch tower was carried out in CATIA V5, and was disseminated through a video render, an virtual reality website and was imported into an augmented reality application. KEYWORDS: 3D reconstruction, 3D model, ancient destroyed monument. 84 ZSOLT BUNA et al ©
The application of 3D digital technologies in the archaeological research expands more and more during the last decades. 3D recording, visualisation, representation and reconstruction of archaeological sites, monuments and artefacts become almost a common trend in the archaeological work. Moreover, CAD reconstructions , 3D simulation, computer animation and other uses of computer systems change the traditional work-flow. The archaeological experience, though, recognizes these tools more for the general public in order to offer a visualisation of the target object than as a mechanism that can offer new possibilities for the research itself. The focus of this article is to explore the opportunities given to the research field of archaeology by 3D technologies. Specifically the article will look into technologies regarding the 3D recording, processing, visualisa-tion and representation of archaeological data. Through the use of specific case studies we will investigate how applications can contribute to the understanding first and the interpretation later on of a certain archaeological object. Issues such as the types of questions and problems that can be faced and answered with these 3D technologies will be raised and discussed. The possibility to get an expansion of the archaeological research in new aspects, as it happens with other technological tools (e.g. databases), will be also examined. In addition to these, the disadvantages and limitations of the application of these 3D technologies in the archaeological field will be also looked at, in order to accomplish a more complete view of its usage.
2015
The application of 3D digital technologies in the archaeological research expands more and more during the last decades. 3D recording, visualisation, representation and reconstruction of archaeological sites, monuments and artefacts become almost a common trend in the archaeological work. Moreover, CAD reconstructions, 3D simulation, computer animation and other uses of computer systems change the traditional workflow. The archaeological experience, though, recognizes these tools more for the general public in order to offer a visualisation of the target object than as a mechanism that can offer new possibilities for the research itself. The focus of this article is to explore the opportunities given to the research field of archaeology by 3D technologies. Specifically the article will look into technologies regarding the 3D recording, processing, visualisation and representation of archaeological data. Through the use of specific case studies we will investigate how applications ca...
F Cantone, 2001. 3D standards for scientific communication, - Archaeological Informatics: Pushing The Envelope. CAA2001. Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology. Proceedings of the 29th Conference, Gotland, April 2001 (BAR International Series 1016), 163-72. Abstract. This paper aims at verifying some of 3D modeling and VR visualization techniques in archaeology and cultural heritage management and at testing their use for scientific communication. The monument chosen for this research is the eighteenth century great staircase of SS. Niccolò and Cataldo Monastery in Lecce, that was modeled by means of CAD, VRML, X3D forthcoming standard. This way it was possible to examine each method's advantages, evaluating the economic and intuitive use of WYSYG tools versus the dimension of generated files, and the possibility of expansion and of updates. A particular focus was made on under- definition X3D standard, and on its possibilities in archaeological applications, in particular to build up 3D-DBMS, Virtual Reality scenes and Augmented-Reality applications.
3D Scanning and Computer Simulation of Archaeological Artefacts
2012
The main objective of our research is to understand possible relationships between the form and function(s) of archaeological artefacts, by developing a new methodology based on Reverse Engineering processes – i.e. 3D scan, quantitative data analysis and Artificial Intelligence techniques, in particular computer simulation. In addition, we intend to provide new data, as well as possible explanatory uses of archaeological heritage according to what people want to learn about social activities and working processes in the past, by simulating the potentialities of such actions and visualizing a virtual reconstruction of their material consequences. Our research project focuses on the Neolithic lakeside site of La Draga (Banyoles, Catalonia). In this scope, this presentation aims to provide a clear overview and description of the main guidelines used to capture and process 3D digital data of several wooden artefacts of this archaeological site, as well as to present a technology able to visualize how prehistoric artefacts were used in the past. Furthermore, we aim to reuse and to repurpose these 3D digital models in conservation monitoring, digital archive and other future researches.
The Archeomatica Project: towards a new application of computer graphics in archaeology
In this paper the project Archeomatica of Catania University dedicated to Minoan civilization and Cretan culture is presented. The project carried out by experts of information technology and archaeological research provides the creation of realistic 3D models based on the data recorded during excavations that are digital upgradeable archives to add to the traditional graphic and photographic documentations. In particular two case-studies of 3D reconstructions of monuments of prehistoric and proto-historic archaeology, realized by a "philological approach", are presented.
The Archeomatica Project: Towards a New Application of the Computer Graphics in Archaeology
6th Eurographics Italian Chapter (EG_It) Conference, Fisciano, 2008
abstract={In this paper the project Archeomatica of Catania University dedicated to Minoan civilization and Cretan culture is presented. The project carried out by experts of information technology and archaeological research provides the creation of realistic 3D models based on the data recorded during excavations that are digital upgradeable archives to add to the traditional graphic and photographic documentations. In particular two case-studies of 3D reconstructions of monuments of prehistoric and proto-historic archaeology, realized by a" ...
GROMA Documenting Archaeology, 2020
Over the last few decades, there has been a growing interest in the fusion of the humanities and the hard sciences. The continuous experimentation and contamination between these two disciplines has led to the emergence of new horizons of research and open to perspectives and issues previously unthinkable. Finally, it has started the development of specific technologies for the cultural domain. Among these technologies, virtual archaeology, which we could define as the set of processes of acquisition, analysis and interpretation aimed at visualizing and simulating the past using 3D digital technologies and a theoretical and multidisciplinary scientific approach, has now reached its maturity. In this contribution the potentials in using 3D modelling as a tool of investigation and visualization for a deeper understanding of archaeological sites is presented. The discussion is supported by the case study of the roman villa of Aiano, built at the beginning of the 4th century A.D. and characterized by monumental architecture and decorations.
3 D Scanning Technologies and Data Evaluation in an Archaeological Information System
2012
The use of technological 3D applications for archaeology and cultural heritage has advanced rapidly in the last few years thanks, in particular, to the employment of 3D scanners and high-capacity 3D editing software. These advances have lead to a great improvement in the standard of digital documentation. The ultimate objective is to create realistic, virtual 3D documentation which can be systematically and comprehensively viewed on computer. Specialist archaeological information systems have been developed to accompany excavations and documentation projects. They are capable of presenting complex spatial and historico-cultural relationships in a comprehensible and manageable way. This paper is intended to give an overview of the developments and research projects currently in progress at ArcTron Ltd.