Effectiveness of Parental Participation in a Dental Health Program on the Oral Health Status of 8–10-year-old School Children (original) (raw)
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Introduction: The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of school screening, parental knowledge and health education in stimulating dental attendance among 6 to 10 years old children. Material and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was carried out, with a sample size of 155 in each group. The study was conducted over a period of 3 months, baseline clinical findings were assessed using dentition status and plaque index and knowledge of parents was evaluated using a questionnaire in both the groups. The study group participants received oral health education and educational leaflets were distributed to the parents. Further after 3 months, the post-intervention improvement was assessed as before. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze the data. Results: The overtime changes in oral health knowledge of parents were significantly different in the study group (p-value <0.001). Highly significant reduction in Plaque scores was reported in the study group compared to control group (p-value <0.001). Overall there were no significant differences in DMFT and dmft increments between the groups. The intervention was not effective at reducing the level of active caries and increasing attendance in the population under study. Conclusion: Even though the intervention had positive effects on plaque score and and on oral health knowledge of parents, but the rate of utilization was low. We need additional efforts addressing another individual, family, and community level factors to make such programs more fruitful.
BMJ Open, 2023
Introduction: Children's learning abilities suffer when their oral health is compromised. Inadequate oral health can harm children's quality of life, academic performance, and future success and achievements. Oral health problems may result in appetite loss, depression, increased inattentiveness, and distractibility from play and schoolwork, all of which can lower self-esteem and contribute to academic failure. An oral health curriculum, in addition to the standard school curriculum, may instil preventive oral hygiene behaviour in school students, enabling them to retain good oral health for the rest of their lives. Because most children attend school, the school setting is the most effective for promoting behavioural change in children. A 'health-promoting school' actively promotes health by enhancing its ability to serve as a healthy place to live, learn and work, bringing health and education together. Making every school a health-promoting school is one of the joint objectives of the WHO and UNICEF. The primary objective of this proposed study is to assess the effectiveness of an oral health curriculum intervention in reducing dental caries incidence and improving oral hygiene behaviour among high school children in grades 8-10 of the Ernakulam district in Kerala, India. If found to be effective in changing children's behaviour in a positive way, an oral health curriculum may eventually be incorporated into the school health curriculum in the future. Classroom interventions can serve as a cost-effective tool to increase children's oral health awareness. Methods and analysis: This protocol presents a cluster randomised trial design. It is a parallel-group comparative trial with two arms having a 1:1 distribution-groups A and B with oral health curriculum intervention from a dental professional and a schoolteacher, respectively. High schools (grades 8-10) will be selected as clusters for the trial. The minimum cluster size is 20 students per school. The total sample size is 2000 high school children. Data will be collected at three time points, including baseline, after 1 year (mid-term) and 2 years (final), respectively. The outcome measures are Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth Index; Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified; and knowledge, attitude and behaviour. Data collection will be done by clinical oral examination and questionnaire involving oral health-related knowledge, attitude and behaviour items. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre (dated 19 July 2022, no: IEC-AIMS-2022-ASD-179). Trial registration number: Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2022/09/045410). Keywords: Community child health; EDUCATION & TRAINING (see Medical Education & Training); PUBLIC HEALTH.
Research and Reviews: Neonatal and Pediatric Nursing, 2023
Oral health is essential for general health and well-being throughout the lifespan and is a mark of overall health status. Research and other advances in oral health have led to safe and effective means of maintaining oral health and preventing dental caries. To determine the effectiveness of structured teaching program on prevention of dental caries among school children. An experimental study was conducted among school children, in a selected school at Kanyakumari District. Sixty school children selected using simple random technique for their knowledge on prevention of dental caries was assessed using pretested and validated tool. The pre-test knowledge was 23% adequate and 27% adequate among experimental and control group respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in mean score of post-test among experimental and control group15.43.3 and 9.42.7 respectively, (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant association between pre-test level of knowledge and selected socio demographic variables age (0.019), academic year (0.019) and mother's occupation (0.00004) number of siblings (0.00003). The study has great implication for school health nurses, Anganwadi workers on educating children on dental hygiene and prevention of dental caries which can improvise the dental hygiene practices, helps to have young generation free form dental caries. The school education department in the state and central can initiate policies and proper evaluation system at various level to promote dental health.
Universal Journal of Public Health, 2024
Epidemiological studies could be useful in determining disease prevalence and identifying potential factors influencing disease patterns. Hence, present study was aimed to assess dental caries prevalence, unmet dental treatment needs and perceived parental barriers among 6-12-year-old school children of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. A total of 750; 6-12-year-old, Private and Government school attending children of Gandhinagar were selected through stratified random sampling methodology. Data was collected using WHO1997 survey methodology. Questionnaires including 10 close ended questions were distributed for assessment of parental barriers. Children were examined for caries prevalence using deft, DMFT index and modified treatment needs index was used to assess the required treatment needs. Chi square, Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests at 5% level of significance were used for statistical analysis. Prevalence of dental caries in government school was 81.60% whereas in private school it was 77.33 % (P=0.1987). Majority of the children had untreated decayed component. Major treatments needed were oral prophylaxis, one surface filling. Overall high cost of dental treatment and lack of awareness of dental diseases were potential barrier for parents in utilizing dental services for children. According to study results, Gandhinagar city has high dental caries prevalence and untreated caries indicates higher preventive and restorative treatment needs. Hence, to overcome above mentioned parental barriers, specialized educational programme to raise parental awareness along with Mobile dental-clinics, dental-camps and dental outreach initiatives may be effective ways to raise accessibility. School and community-based promotional, educational and preventative programme will indeed serve to improve existing situation immensely.
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 2022
health education 7 the oral health awareness programs may be directed toward them. In order to assess the magnitude of the preventive task it is necessary to know the extent and severity of the disease. In the present study an attempt was made to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health and its influence on the dental caries status of 5 to 10 years old school children in Nashik, Maharashtra. IntroductIon Dental caries, a common disease in children, is considered a major public health problem globally and if left untreated, it can affect a child's quality of life in the form of pain, discomfort, inability to chew, dental sepsis, etc., which may result in loss of school days. 1 Poor oral health also has a significant impact on the growth and cognitive development of a child by interfering with nutrition, concentration, and school participation. 2 Dental caries being a multifactorial disease is associated with a number of risk factors such as dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, nutritional imbalances, salivary flow and composition, use of fluorides, etc. Additionally, parental education, socioeconomic status, poverty, lack of awareness about dental diseases are also associated with risk of dental caries. 3 The mothers as well as the entire family play a key role in influencing the oral health behaviors of children. 4 Parents are directly responsible for the dental health of their offspring and can play an important role in preventing oral diseases in children. 5 Their knowledge on health including oral health affects most of their decisions with regard to the health of their children. 6 Parents are decision makers in matters of children's health and healthcare. Therefore it is essential to explore their knowledge, attitude, and practices as it affects the dental care children receive at home and their access to professional dental services. As young children and their mothers are an important target group for oral
2013
Background: Health education for the school age child is a specialized field within the broad discipline of education. Oral health education program are educational aspects of any curative, preventive and promotional health activity. Aim: The study has been undertaken to evaluate the impact of oral health education on the status of plaque, gingival health and dental caries among 12 and 15 years old children attending government school in Shimla city. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and seventy six school children participated in the study. The study was conducted over a period of 4 months from May 2010 to August 2010 in Government Senior Secondary School, Sanjauli. Plaque, gingival and caries status was assessed by using Silness and Loe plaque index, Loe and Silness gingival index and WHO modified DMFT index, respectively. Data was analyzed using the software SPSS version 15. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test were used appropriately for statistical comparisons. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall mean plaque score and gingival score decreased significantly after oral health education irrespective of gender. However, decrease in plaque score among 15 years old female children and gingival scores among 12 and 15 years old female subjects was not significant. Difference in mean caries status was statistically insignificant among all the subjects. Conclusion: Short term oral health education program may be useful in improving oral hygiene and gingival health. Coordinating efforts should be enhanced between school personnel, parents and health professionals to ensure long-term benefits of such program.
Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of oral health education by dentist and school teacher on school children oral hygiene status in Dharwad city. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled trial was conducted by selecting 6 schools and were divided into 2 government, 2 unaided and 2 aided school. One government school was selected for dentist to provide oral health education and another government school for school teacher to provide oral health education. Similarly, with the unaided and aided school. At the baseline Plaque index (Silness and Loe) and Gingival index (Loe and Silness) of school children was assessed. After 1 and half months reinforcement of oral health education was done followed by assessment of Plaque and Gingival index of school children after 3 months. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Intergroup comparison was done using Chi square test, Kruskal wali test. Result: Dentist educating school children showed statistical significant difference in plaque and gingival score in all the 3 school (P < 0.05). School teacher group showed Statistical significant difference in only unaided school (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dentist is effective in improving oral hygiene status of school children in all the 3 school. Whereas, school teacher are effective in only unaided school.
Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2013
Background: Health education for the school age child is a specialized field within the broad discipline of education. Oral health education program are educational aspects of any curative, preventive and promotional health activity. Aim: The study has been undertaken to evaluate the impact of oral health education on the status of plaque, gingival health and dental caries among 12 and 15 years old children attending government school in Shimla city. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and seventy six school children participated in the study. The study was conducted over a period of 4 months from May 2010 to August 2010 in Government Senior Secondary School, Sanjauli. Plaque, gingival and caries status was assessed by using Silness and Loe plaque index, Loe and Silness gingival index and WHO modified DMFT index, respectively. Data was analyzed using the software SPSS version 15. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test were used appropriately for statistical comparisons. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall mean plaque score and gingival score decreased significantly after oral health education irrespective of gender. However, decrease in plaque score among 15 years old female children and gingival scores among 12 and 15 years old female subjects was not significant. Difference in mean caries status was statistically insignificant among all the subjects. Conclusion: Short term oral health education program may be useful in improving oral hygiene and gingival health. Coordinating efforts should be enhanced between school personnel, parents and health professionals to ensure long-term benefits of such program.
Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, 2017
Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of a Primary Preventive Dental Health Education Programme conducted for 6-12-year-old primary school children in Mysore City. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 schools, one each in the category of Government, Aided, and Unaided, were randomly selected per zone viz., North, South, East, and West. These 12 schools constituted the study group where the Primary Preventive School Dental Health Education Programme (PPSDHEP) was implemented. Two additional schools were selected at random from the four zones to serve as the control. A total of 926 children participated in the study. The PPSDHEP involved the second-level transfer of preventive package wherein the oral health education was imparted to the school children by schoolteachers trained by the investigator. Among the parameters for evaluating the outcome of the programme were the pre and post-programme assessment (at the baseline and at follow-up, i.e., after 6 months) of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP), dental caries status, oral hygiene, and gingival health status. Results: The results suggest that the PPSDHEP resulted in bringing about an enhancement in the KAP towards oral health and also an improvement in dental caries, oral hygiene, and gingival health status of the school children in the study group. Conclusion: The present study supports the implementation of similar programmes in schools and the contention that schoolteachers are suitable personnel for imparting dental health education to school children on a regular basis.
Impact evaluation of a school-based oral health program: Kuwait National Program.
BMC Oral Health
Background: This study evaluated the relationship between enrolment in a school-based oral health prevention program (SOHP) and: 1) children's dental health status and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and 2) mothers' oral health (OH) knowledge, attitude, practice, and OHRQoL. Methods: This cross-sectional study, in the Kuwait Capital, included 440 primary school children aged 11 to 12 years and their mothers. Participants were classified into two groups: SOHP and non-SOHP. The SOHP group had been enrolled in the prevention program for at least 3 years: children had twice-a-year applications of fluoride varnish and fissure sealants if needed; mothers had, at least, one oral health education session. The non-SOHP group had negative consents and had not been exposed to the prevention program activities. Dental examinations were performed at schools using portable dental units. Caries experience was determined using the decayed (D/d), missing (M/m), and filled (F/f) teeth (T/t)/surface (S/s) indices. Children's OHRQoL was assessed using a selfadministered validated Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ 11-14). Mothers' OH knowledge, attitude, practice, and OHRQoL were also assessed. After Bonferroni correction, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant for caries experience measures while a p-value of less than 0.013 was considered statistically significant for OHRQoL subscales and mothers' OH knowledge, attitude, practice, and OHRQoL. Results: Mean (SD) DT/dt, DMFT/dmft and DMFS/dmfs were 1.41 (1.66), 2.35 (2.33), and 4.41 (5.86) for SOHP children, respectively. For non-SOHP children, the means were 2.61 (2.63), 3.56 (3.05), and 7.24 (7.78), respectively. The difference between the SOHP and non-SOHP was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Children enrolled in the program had a higher number of sealed and restored teeth. No significant differences were found in CPQ 11-14 scores or subscale scores between the two groups. No significant difference in mothers' OH knowledge, attitude, practices or OHRQoL was found between SOHP and non-SOHP groups (P > 0.013). Conclusion: Enrolment in the SOHP prevention services was associated with a positive impact on children's caries level with no significant impact on mothers' knowledge, attitude, practice, or OHRQoL.