Determination of reference values for optical properties of liquid phantoms based on Intralipid and India ink (original) (raw)
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Optics Express, 2007
In spite of many progresses achieved both with theories and with experiments in studying light propagation through diffusive media, a reliable method for accurate measurements of the optical properties of diffusive media at NIR wavelengths is, in our opinion, still missing. It is therefore difficult to create a diffusive medium with well known optical properties to be used as a reference. In this paper we describe a method to calibrate the reduced scattering coefficient, μ s , of a liquid diffusive medium and the absorption coefficient, μ a , of an absorbing medium with a standard error smaller than 2% both on μ s and on μ a . The method is based on multidistance measurements of fluence into an infinite medium illuminated by a CW source. The optical properties are retrieved with simple inversion procedures (linear fits) exploiting the knowledge of the absorption coefficient of the liquid into which the diffuser and the absorber are dispersed. In this study Intralipid diluted in water has been used as diffusive medium and Indian ink as absorber. For a full characterization of these media measurements of collimated transmittance have also been carried out, from which the asymmetry factor of the scattering function of Intralipid and the single scattering albedo of Indian ink have been determined.
Optical properties of Intralipid: A phantom medium for light propagation studies
1992
Intralipidm is an intravenous nutrient consisting of an emulsion of phospholipid micelles and water. Because Intralipid is turbid and has no strong absorption bands in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and is readily available and relatively inexpensive, it is often used as a tissue simulating phantom medium in light dosimetry experiments. In order to assist investigators requiring a controllable medium that over a finite range of wavelengths is optically equivalent to tissue, we have compiled previously published values of the optical interaction coefficients of Intralipid, most of which were measured at a wavelength of 633 nm. We have extended the measurements of the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients from 460 to 690 nm and the total attenuation coefficient from 500 to 890 nm. These measurements show that, for stock 10% Intralipid, the absorption coefficient varies from 0.015 to 0.001 cm-' between 460 and 690 nm, the reduced scattering coefficient varies from 92 to 50 cm-' between 460 and 690 nm, the total attenuation coefficient varies from 575 to 150 cm-l between 500 and 890 nm, and the average cosine of scatter varies from 0.87 to 0.82 between 460 and 690 nm. With these data, we discuss the design of an optically tissue-equivalent phantom consisting of Intralipid and black India ink. 0 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Proceedings of Spie the International Society For Optical Engineering, 2008
This study describes the process of design, development and validation of phantoms that mimic the optical properties of human tissue that could be used for performance verification of Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) and Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (DOS) instruments. The process starts with choosing and qualifying the ingredients (hosting matrix, scatterers and absorbers) that allow adjusting of the scattering and absorption coefficients independently and linearly scalable. Results of the evaluation of liquid and solid phantoms are presented. In addition, the study evaluates the reproducibility and long-term stability of the designed phantoms. The results show that some of the phantoms could be reliable references for performance assessment and periodic calibration-validation of the systems, during pre-clinical and clinical stages.
Diffuse optical tomography and spectroscopy performance assessment: phantoms and methodology
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This study describes the process of design, development and validation of phantoms that mimic the optical properties of human tissue that could be used for performance verification of Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) and Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (DOS) instruments. The process starts with choosing and qualifying the ingredients (hosting matrix, scatterers and absorbers) that allow adjusting of the scattering and absorption coefficients independently and linearly scalable. Results of the evaluation of liquid and solid phantoms are presented. In addition, the study evaluates the reproducibility and long-term stability of the designed phantoms. The results show that some of the phantoms could be reliable references for performance assessment and periodic calibration-validation of the systems, during pre-clinical and clinical stages.
Optics Express, 2010
Development, production quality control and calibration of optical tissue-mimicking phantoms require a convenient and robust characterization method with known absolute accuracy. We present a solid phantom characterization technique based on time resolved transmittance measurement of light through a relatively small phantom sample. The small size of the sample enables characterization of every material batch produced in a routine phantoms production. Time resolved transmittance data are pre-processed to correct for dark noise, sample thickness and instrument response function. Pre-processed data are then compared to a forward model based on the radiative transfer equation solved through Monte Carlo simulations accurately taking into account the finite geometry of the sample. The computational burden of the Monte-Carlo technique was alleviated by building a lookup table of pre-computed results and using interpolation to obtain modeled transmittance traces at intermediate values of the optical properties. Near perfect fit residuals are obtained with a fit window using all data above 1% of the maximum value of the time resolved transmittance trace. Absolute accuracy of the method is estimated through a thorough error analysis which takes into account the following contributions: measurement noise, system repeatability, instrument response function stability, sample thickness variation refractive index inaccuracy, time correlated single photon counting system time based inaccuracy and forward model inaccuracy. Two sigma absolute error estimates of 0.01 cm −1 (11.3%) and 0.67 cm −1 (6.8%) are obtained for the absorption coefficient and reduced scattering coefficient respectively.
Determination of the optical properties of Intralipid 20% over a broadband spectrum
Photonics Letters of Poland, 2018
The aim of this study is to characterize the optical properties of Intralipid20% using two methods modified Kubelka-Munk model and Mie theory and to test the applicability of a modified Kubelka-Munk model with a single integrating sphere system over a wide wavelength range 470 – 725nm. Scattering coefficients which estimated by these two methods were matched and the absorption effect was observed and quantified. Finally, the imaginary part of the refractive index was estimated besides scattering, absorption and anisotropy coefficients. Full Text: PDF ReferencesB.W. Pogue, and M.S. Patterson, "Review of tissue simulating phantoms for optical spectroscopy, imaging and dosimetry", J. Biomed. Opt. 11, 4(2006). CrossRef J. Hwang, C. Ramella-Roman, and R. Nordstrom, "Introduction: Feature Issue on Phantoms for the Performance Evaluation and Validation of Optical Medical Imaging Devices", Biomed. Opt. Express. 3, 6(2012). CrossRef P. Ninni, F. Martelli, and G. Zaccanti,...
Routine method for the determination of the optical constants of liquids
Analytica Chimica Acta, 1986
A modification of the Kramera-Kronig method is used to obtain the spectra of the absorption and refraction indices, k and n, of benzene, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride from their infrared attenuated total-internal-reflectance spectra. The existing software of the Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer is applied for the calculation. For medium-strength bands with k between 0.004 and 0.3, agreement with earlier values is within a few percent, whereas for strong bands, the present k values are about 20% lower.
Broadband spectroscopy for characterization of tissue-like phantom optical properties
Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering, 2017
Optical phantoms are widely used for evaluating the performance of biomedical optical modalities, and hence, absorbing and scattering materials are required for the construction of optical phantoms. Towards that aim, new readily available and inexpensive black Ink (Parker) as a simulating absorber as well as Intralipid 20% as a simulating scatterer are thoroughly investigated. Broadband Transmittance and Diffuse reflectance spectroscopic measurements were performed in the visible range 400 – 700 nm. Optical properties of the phantom materials are determined. Analytical expressions for absorption and scattering coefficient related to the concentrations and wavelength of the Parker ink and Intralipid are also presented and discussed. The results show nonlinear trend in the absorption coefficient of Parker ink over the examined visible spectral range. Furthermore, Intralipid scattering coefficient variation across the mentioned spectral range shows a tissue-like scattering trend. The f...
Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2010
We present a novel, noncontact method for the determination of quantitative optical properties of turbid media from 430 to 1050 nm. Through measuring the broadband reflectance from an unknown sample as a function of the spatial frequency of the projected illumination patterns, the absolute absorption and reduced scattering coefficients can be calculated without a priori assumptions of the chromophores present. This technique, which is called spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy ͑SMoQS͒, was validated through the quantification of optical properties of homogenous liquid phantoms with known concentrations of absorbers and scatterers. The properties of the phantoms were recovered across the range of values prepared with R 2 values of 0.985 and 0.996 for absorption and reduced scattering, respectively. A measurement was also performed on skin tissue as a demonstration of the method's performance in vivo. The resultant absorption spectrum was well described by a multichromophore fit, and the quantitative values for oxy-and deoxyhemoglobin, water, and melanin were within published ranges for skin.