On the Sulphidation of Anthropogenic Copper Raw Materials with Elemental Sulfur (original) (raw)
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Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, 2014
The off-balance resources present the environmental problem and potential resource for copper extraction. This paper presents the results obtained using different reagents for the process of sulphide form oxidation of copper from flotation tailings. For the investigation in this paper work, the samples of flotation tailings were taken from the Old Flotation Tailing Dump of the Mining and Smelting Complex Bor in Eastern Serbia. Experimental testing was carried out in order to increase the leaching degree of copper with addition of oxidants during leaching. Using the Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 as an oxidant, the achieved copper leaching degree was 76.8%. The effect of thermal destruction of sulfide copper from flotation tailings in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid was also investigated. After leaching of calcine with water, the degree of copper leaching was attained of 92%. Solutions after leaching are suitable for the SX-EW process of obtaining the copper.
An evaluation of copper remobilization from mine tailings in sulfidic environments
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1998
A laboratory-based assessment of copper remobilization from Cu-rich mine tailings exposed to anoxic, sulfide rich waters was performed. The results from incubation experiments, conducted over a 20 day period, were compared to thermodynamic modelling calculations of copper speciation in sulfidic waters. The tailings materials were observed to react rapidly with added sulfide, consuming 159 µmol HS g 1 (dry wt) within a 24 h period. The consumption of sulfide was attributed to a two stage process involving the reduction of Fe-hydroxy phases by sulfide followed by reaction with available Fe 2C and Cu 2C resulting in the formation Fe-and Cu-sulfide phases. During incubation experiments, the dissolved copper concentrations in the absence of sulfide were approximately 0.31 µmol l 1 , whereas in the presence of sulfide (0.5-5 mM) concentrations were typically 0.24 µmol l 1. The experiments did not indicate enhanced solubility owing to the formation of soluble copper sulfide species. The predictions (based on the most recent thermodynamic data for aqueous Cu-sulfide and Cu-polysulfide species) did not accurately explain the laboratory observations. Model predictions were greatly influenced by the assumptions made about the oxidation state of copper under anoxic conditions and the solid sulfide phase controlling copper solubility. The study emphasizes the limitations of modelling copper speciation in sulfidic waters and the need for laboratory or field verification of predictions.
MINERAL DRESSING, 2016
In the present paper, a review has been made for the recovery of copper from the ores using lixiviant sulphuric acid, the effects of the sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time, particle size and leaching temperature on the recovery of copper were examined. The results of leaching indicate that the recovery extraction of Cu increases with increasing acid concentration and temperature; while it decreases with particle size. The logical experimentation parameters for the extraction of copper were discovered. Later than 120 min of leaching treatment, the sulfuric acid concentration 2 mol/l-1 , leaching temperature 85 °C, smaller particle size 63 µm at low stirring rates (100 rpm) and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10. The overall results of the dissolution studies indicated that the data fitted the shrinking core model for the controlled mechanism, with surface chemical reaction as the rate controlling step. The value of the activation energy Ea is calculated by multiplying the slope of the Arrhenius curve by the value of the universal gas constant 8.314 kJ/mol-1 .
Journal of Mining Science, 2016
In the present paper, a review has been made for the recovery of copper from the ores using lixiviant sulphuric acid, the effects of the sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time, particle size and leaching temperature on the recovery of copper were examined. The results of leaching indicate that the recovery extraction of Cu increases with increasing acid concentration and temperature; while it decreases with particle size. The logical experimentation parameters for the extraction of copper were discovered. Later than 120 min of leaching treatment, the sulfuric acid concentration 2 mol/l-1 , leaching temperature 85 °C, smaller particle size 63 µm at low stirring rates (100 rpm) and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10. The overall results of the dissolution studies indicated that the data fitted the shrinking core model for the controlled mechanism, with surface chemical reaction as the rate controlling step. The value of the activation energy Ea is calculated by multiplying the slope of the Arrhenius curve by the value of the universal gas constant 8.314 kJ/mol-1 .
Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2021
The imbalance between raw materials of high economic importance and their supply has increased the search for new approaches to obtain valuable elements from mining tailings. In this study, the extraction of copper, zinc, and lead from sulfidic tailing in sulfate–chloride media was investigated. A 33 Box–Behnken design was applied to evaluate three variables over a 4-h testing period: sulfuric acid concentration (0.01–1.0 mol/L H2SO4), sodium chloride (10–60 g/L NaCl), and temperature (20–70 °C). The design showed two optimum working regions: a combination of a high NaCl level, low H2SO4 level, and medium temperature level for lead leaching, while for copper and zinc, a combination of a medium–high H2SO4 level and a high temperature level. The concentration of NaCl had only a slight impact on their leaching. Based on these results, two-stage leaching was performed. The first stage was carried out under an experimental condition that favored the leaching of lead (60 g/L NaCl, 0.01 mo...
Nueva Tecnología de Lixiviacion de Minerales de Sulfuros
In the past decade, heap leaching ores has been improved technically and economically through the development and interpretation of the principles of thermodynamics, kinetics and electrochemistry, which govern the process. Managing the application of the leach solutions on the heaps to provide uniform irrigation is undoubtedly an important part of leaching. This paper presents a solution application technology that is compatible with the sulfide process kinetics and which maybe applicable to oxide ores as well. The recovery of the metallic values in heap leaching was initially evaluated in terms of flow applied over a surface area of mineral or flow rate. The leaching technology eventually evaluated the amount of solution applied to a tones of material over a given leach cycle or leach rate. C.V., through in-house investigations, initially determined the solution requirement was not fixed and developed and intermittent application as a function of the leach kinetics or variable leach rate. Continued studies of column test and industrial pads led to the development of an application rate based on the electrochemical processes, mass transfer and reaction rates that generate a variable demand for leach solution expressed by the ratio of volume of solution per mass of copper produced. As a result, the optimized recovery curve and efficiency of solution management has resulted in improved copper production and cost reductions in acid, water and energy. ecnolgia
Study of ore sulfatizaion process of the Tomtor mining deposit
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2021 (ICER 2021), MOSCOW, RUSSIA
Experimental studies of the high-temperature decomposition of ore from the Tomtor mining deposit with concentrated sulfuric acid have been carried out. It was experimentally established that as a result of ore processing with sulfuric acid solutions, two main commodity products are formed: leaching cake (or rough niobium concentrate) and sulfate solution, containing REE (rare earth elements), thorium and phosphorus. The output of sulfate cake reaches 65% by weight of the original ore. It was experimentally established that the degree of extraction of niobium in the concentrate is 95% and the extraction into the solution of rare earth metal oxides (REO), thorium, scandium and phosphorus oxides are 88-96%. Regression models dependences of the autopsy of REO and thorium on the conditions of ore sulfatization obtained mathematical processing of experimental data. The specific radioactivity of sulfate cake and commodity sulfate solution was determined, which ensure safe work with the material. Based on the conducted experiments, a technological scheme of high-temperature decomposition of ore from the Tomtor mining deposit with concentrated sulfuric acid was developed.
Inżynieria Mineralna
The Zechstein copper ore deposit located on the Foresudetic monocline has a complex geological structure both in lithological and mineralogical aspects. The significant variability in quantity and quality of minerals deposited in the ore bed is one of the factors determining the susceptibility of copper ore to beneficiation based on flotation, which is carried out in the KGHM Concentration Plant. Based on the algorithm developed, flotation experiments on a laboratory scale have been conducted to predict the upgrade rates under industrial conditions. This paper provides the results of the mineralogical examination of the flotation products performed by one of the KGHM Concentration process lines and compares the beneficiation of various copper sulphide minerals. The results of the laboratory tests have been compared with the results of sampling carried out simultaneously at the process line. A procedure has been proposed to develop equations defining the industrial upgradability curv...
2012
Acid mine drainage generation and the associated water quality problems related to mining and mineral processing operations is unavoidable. The tailings produced by the Sarcheshmeh copper processing plant are transported as pulp to the disposal sites with a high speed and an average slope of 8 to 10 percent. There are different tailings disposal sites in the area that the oldest one was selected in this research due to the high possibility for sulphide minerals oxidation and pollutants inputs to water resources. Water samples were collected from water flowing on the tailings surface, water from the entrance and effluents of the tailings to investigate water quality and the mobility of trace elements through surface water. In this research, the water samples were analysed for major dissolved anions and, cations, pH, EC, TDS, TSS and trace elements. The results show that sulphide minerals oxidation, in particular, pyrite has resulted in the elevated concentrations of trace elements, sulphate, iron and low pH. Long-term disposal of tailings will result in the transportation of the sulphide minerals oxidation products and metallic pollutants from such site to surface water and groundwater aquifer in the area.
Economic Geology, 1995
Minerals of the Cu-Fe-S system from the Lubin and Rudna mines in the Polish Kupferschiefer display textures and compositional trends consistent with copper depletion. The compositions, optical properties, textures, and distribution of Cu-S minerals indicate progressive alteration from chalcocite to covellite in the sequence chalcocite-djurleite-anilite-geerite-spionkopite-yarrowite-covellite. Bornitc compositions plot on the Cu-Fe-S phase diagram along a line between ideal bornitc (CusFeS4) and idaitc (Cu3FeS4). The range in bornitc compositions extends from ideal bornitc to Cu3.sFeS4. Copper-poor bornires within the composition range Cu4.•FeS4 to Cu35FeS4 texturally appear to have partially decomposed to covellite and chalcopyrite. Both of these mineralogical trends have been previously reported from zones of supergene alteration in other copper deposits, where they result from copper leaching. Grains observed to be of uniform anilite composition indicate that the alteration occurred at low temperatures, probably less than 40øC.