Level of Escherichia coli in Seafood in Domestic Trade and their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern (original) (raw)
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Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in tropical seafood
World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2005
The occurrence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in tropical seafood was studied. A 3-tube MPN method was used for determining the level of faecal contamination of fresh and processed seafood. Of the 188 samples tested which included finfish, shellfish, water and ice, 155 were positive for the presence of faecal coliforms following incubation at 44.5 °C. However, E. coli was isolated from only 47% of the samples positive for faecal coliforms. The antibiotic resistance of 116 strains isolated from seafood was tested using 14 different antibiotics including ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin and vancomycin. Seven strains were resistant to more than five antibiotics of which one was resistant to eight antibiotics. The multiple drug resistant strains harboured plasmids of varying sizes. Antibiotic susceptibility studies revealed that seafood from India contains multiple antibiotic resistant strains of E. coli which may serve as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes in the aquatic environment. All the strains used in this study did not harbour any virulence genes commonly associated with pathogenic E. coli, when tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Prevalence of pathogenic Escherichia coli in seafood and its environment in Mumbai
To determine the presence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) (ETEC), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC) were collected in swine and in a water system in 17 swine farms in the Can Tho province of the Mekong delta. A total of 258 samples which were collected from swine feces (n=169), from feed (n=39) and from water (n=50) in the irrigation system were examined by PCR to determine whether they harbored the stx, eae, and enterotoxin genes. STEC was detected in 10 of 169 (6%) fecal samples, and AEEC in 5 fecal samples (3%). Both STEC and AEEC were detected in one fecal sample. AEEC was mainly detected in fecal samples from pigs that were less than 4 months old. STEC or AEEC was detected in 18 samples from 5 out of 17 (29%) farms. On the other hand, STEC and AEEC were also detected in the water and feed samples. ETEC was not detected in diarrhea samples.
The incidence of Escherichia coli in the meat samples of shrimp, fresh and marine fish, chicken and mutton at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh and its resistance to antibiotics-ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, penicillin-G, norfloxacin and tetracycline. The bacterial load was higher in chicken and mutton than the shrimp and fish meat. The antibiotic resistance of E. coli was 100% towards pencillinG , 90% to tetracycline and ampicillin, 40% to nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol, 20% to gentamicin, norfloxacin, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. It was only 10% resistance to co-trimoxazole. The resistance of E. coli in mutton sample was higher than the remaining samples. Chicken stood next followed by fresh water fish and shrimp.
Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science, 2019
The present study was conducted for the period of six months, September, 2016 to February, 2017 so as to isolate and identify Escherichia (E.coli) from fresh fish samples collected from four different retailing shops in Mekelle city and determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of isolated bacteria. Isolation and identification of E.coli and antibiotic sensitivity test were performed following the standard microbiological techniques. The antibiotic resistance patterns of the E.coli isolates were tested against 6 different antibiotics, namely Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Gentamicin and Streptomycin. Accordingly, out of the total 96 fish samples collected and analyzed, 9(9.4%) were positive for E.coli following the primary and secondary biochemical test results. Out of the four fish meat retailing shops, the highest and statistically significant prevalence (P=0.001) of E.coli was recorded in shop III as 5(20.8%) followed by shop II as 4(16.7%).Furthermore, re...
Veterinary Medicine : Research and Reports, 2022
Microbiological contamination in fish origin foods is the leading risk for public health. Among the range of pathogenic bacterial species that cause fish food borne diseases is Escherichia coli. The pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli cause diarrhea by producing and releasing toxins and can also be the cause of food spoilage in fish. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess hygienic practices of fish handlers, to evaluate bacterial load and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli along the fish value chain in Northwest Ethiopia. Systematic and purposive sampling techniques were used for uncooked and cooked fish samples respectively. Results: From a total of 180 fish samples, 36 (20%) were positive for Escherichia coli. From 115 uncooked and 65 cooked fish samples examined, 27 (23.5%) and 9 (13.8%) had E. coli respectively. The highest mean bacterial count was observed in raw fish samples (6.13 × 10 5 cfu/g), followed by cooked fish samples (2.81 × 10 4 cfu/g). Among the interviewed fish handlers, 83.3%, 76.7% and 80% of respondents had good knowledge and attitude towards using a clean cutting-and-filleting board, storing raw and cooked foods separately and using an apron for reducing the risk of fish contamination, respectively. All 36 isolates were 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamycin. Of the Escherichia coli isolates subjected to tetracycline, 55.6% were resistant, 8.3% were intermediate and 36.1% were susceptible. Conclusion and Recommendation: This study revealed that there was a lack hygienic practice and high Escherichia coli profiles were observed. Hence, it could be wise to advise the fish harvesters, fish traders, hotels and restaurants about fish food safety practices from harvesting to consumption to improve fish food safety practices and quality standards of fish harvested and sold in northwest Ethiopia.
Bacterial Pathogens in Seafood -Indian Scenario
Fish and fishery products are frequently contaminated with bacterial pathogens. Common pathogens that are found in Indian seafood are Salmonella, Vibrios, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. The consumption of these infected fish and their products can result in mild to chronic illnesses. In addition, the presence of these food borne pathogens causes huge monetary loses to fishermen and exporters. In India a proper system of documentation and reporting of food-borne illness is lacking. Indian seafood are often contaminated by human activities and sewage released into the water bodies. Poor sanitation in fish landing centre and open fish markets also exacerbates the situation. The quality of fish sold in domestic market in India is poor compared to that of export trade. The importance of proper handling and storage of seafood to control the growth of pathogenic bacteria need to be emphasized. Proper reporting and documentation system with strong public awareness programmes can be very effective in management of food safety issues in the future.
2012
Food poisoning is a common phenomenon oftenly seen in the media. This is caused by a variety of pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites that contaminate food rather than chemical or natural toxins. Bacterial pathogens associated with seafood can be categorized into three general groups: bacteria that are normal components of the marine or estuarine environment, enteric bacteria present due to faecal contamination, and bacteria introduced during processing. Good hygiene practices before, during, and after food preparation can reduce the chances of contracting an illness.The present study is aimed to examine the prevalence of spoilage and pathogenic micro-organisms such as E coli, V cholera, V parahaemolyticus and Salmonella in fin and shell fishes collected from retail markets in Kolkata.Study revealed that, fresh water fish are hygienically sound, less contaminated, and safe, having less health hazard after consumption. Marine fish suffer from cross contamination because of their natural habitat and unhygienic handling practices. To avoid this, rather to minimise the contamination level, good sanitation and hygiene is required to be maintained, use of fresh uncontaminated chilled water and icing is to be practiced by fish handlers.
Ecology, Environment and Conservation - EM International ..., 2020
The study assessed the levels of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio cholerae in seafood (Anadaragranosa, Pernaviridis, Anadara antiquata, Penaeus monodon, Litopenaeus vannamei) collected from the main traditional seafood market (Pasar Pabean), Surabaya, Indonesia. The aim of the study was to determine and evaluate the level of bacterial contamination if any, found in shellfish and shrimp sold at Pabean market. The total number of Escherichia coli in green mussel (Pernaviridis) samples was about 21,500 CFU/mL and the lowest was recorded in tiger prawn samples (Penaeus monodon) which was 2,800 CFU/mL. The highest Salmonella concentration was obtained from blood clam (Anadara granosa) samples which contained 470 CFU/mL however it was not present in shrimp samples. The highest concentration of Vibrio cholerae was obtained from the antique ark (Anadara antiquata) samples and was about 120 CFU/mL but was absent in green mussels samples, tiger prawn, and vannamei shrimp. In all, it can be concluded that the concentration of Escherichia coli obtained from all the seafood samples in this research exceeds the threshold for human consumption. All the shellfish samples contained Salmonella but Vibrio cholera was only present in two species including blood clam and antique ark.
Incidence of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in fish farms and markets in Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2020
The research work was conducted to assess the incidence of Salmonella and Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination in different fish farms and fish markets of Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. The level of incidence of Salmonella contamination was greater in scum samples (93.8%) and for E. coli the higher contamination found in water samples (81.3%). The study showed that, water and fish samples were also Salmonella positive and the percentage was 87.5% and 57.8% respectively and for E. coli contamination about 75% of scum and 75.6% of fish samples were E. coli positive among fish farms samples. In case of market, both basket and fish sample were tested Salmonella positive, the level of incidence of Salmonella contamination was higher for basket samples (100%) and lower in fish samples (48.9%). Meanwhile, E. coli contamination for fish, basket, and mat samples were 75.6%, 68.8% and 75% respectively. Therefore, the results are very much alarming. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(1), 65-...
Ecology, Environment and Conservation
Seafood is a major foreign exchange earner and the microbiological quality of exported fish and shellfish is crucial for their safety and acceptance in international trade. However, seafood that is sold for local consumption in India undergoes very limited safety or quality checks. If fish are not harvested, processed and handled hygienically, they can harbour pathogenic microorganisms that can cause foodborne infections and intoxications and become a major health concern. The present work was carried out to determine the total viable bacterial count and to evaluate the presence of bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Vibrio cholerae, on the surface of fish and prawns collected from Neendakara and Thangassery harbours in Kollam district during the monsoon season. The total viable aerobic plate count in the seafood ranged from 2.74-3.08 log CFU cm-2. The fish collected from both the harbours as well as the prawns collected from Thangassery harbour were contaminated with E. coli. The samples of prawns collected from Neendakara were found to contain V. cholerae, a pathogen that should be absent in 25 g of seafood as per the Food and Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). Salmonella was not detected in any of the samples. Crushed ice collected from the nearby ice plants did not show any evidence of the tested pathogens, suggesting that the seafood contamination may have come from other sources such as contact with surfaces, handlers or polluted water. Therefore, proper monitoring and control measures need to be implemented by relevant authorities to ensure the quality and safety of domestic seafood and prevent seafood-associated infections.