Serbian Medieval Urban Settlements (original) (raw)
Related papers
Two decades have passed since the last critical survey of the urban settlement research and urbanization process in the Serbian lands was published. The author was Sima ]irkovi}, a historian that contributed greatly to constitute this subject as a separate field of research. Most of the inadequacies and problems which were perceived in that paper are still on agenda today, for instance the weak presence of our scientific work within a wider regional and European historiography. 1 The reason for this might be found partly in the fact that the works of the domestic historians have mostly been written in our mother, Serbian, tongue, thus being intended, in the first instance, for the domestic expert audience. This situation has only begun to change gradually. In the same collection of papers from the conference, the last in the series of the scholarly gatherings dedicated to the urban life complexities in the Balkans, 2 the important contributions to the discussion were made by other distinguished medievalists as well. They approached the aspects of the Byzantine urban heritage and its reception in the medieval Serbian lands, further, spatial organization of the town and its agrarian surroundings, the structure of urban population and town government. 3
Serbian medieval towns and their tourist potentials
2010
Serbian medieval towns differed in the time and type of their formation. the time of Serbian medieval state, period that lasted almost 300 years, experiences the development and changes in society and thus in the towns as well. This work introduces main historical conditions for the formation of Serbian towns, their development and causes of their disappearance. However, they still have the possibility to revive themselves after many centuries but their function would not be a defending but a tourist one. This work presents their tourist potentials and compares them to an efficient tourist valorization that was carried out across Europe. The biggest problem is found in their poor conditions and lack of consciousness of Serbian cultural and historical heritage.
THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BELGRADE IN THE PERIOD FROM 1815 TO 1910 3
Belgrade has been devastated and redeveloped for countless times. Various cultures, nations and conquerors left different urban matrices and physical structure. The groundwork for conceptualization and research of the urban matrix as an essential element of Belgrade's urban morphology are graphic presentations-the old maps and plans 4. Appreciating strategic significance Belgrade had up till 19 th century, they were mainly elaborating Belgrade Fortress area, while civil settlement – the Borough inside the Trench, a small typically oriental town (Kurtović Folić, 2000, pp. 15-21) was presented in general sketches. This paper deals with breakthrough conceptions about planned construction of Belgrade inside and outside of the fortress moat from the beginning of the 19 th till the beginning of the 20 th century. The ruling period of Prince Miloš Obrenović was especially emphasized, when planned construction of the new, geometrically regulated Belgrade settlement in Western Vračar (outside the Trench) started and was supposed to be connected with the city center of the Serbian Belgrade (inside the Trench) around the current Sabor
The growth and development of Belgrade in the period from 1815 to 1910
Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Pristini, 2015
Belgrade has been devastated and redeveloped for countless times. Various cultures, nations and conquerors left different urban matrices and physical structure. The groundwork for conceptualization and research of the urban matrix as an essential element of Belgrade's urban morphology are graphic presentations-the old maps and plans 4. Appreciating strategic significance Belgrade had up till 19 th century, they were mainly elaborating Belgrade Fortress area, while civil settlement-the Borough inside the Trench, a small typically oriental town (Kurtović Folić, 2000, pp. 15-21) was presented in general sketches. This paper deals with breakthrough conceptions about planned construction of Belgrade inside and outside of the fortress moat from the beginning of the 19 th till the beginning of the 20 th century. The ruling period of Prince Miloš Obrenović was especially emphasized, when planned construction of the new, geometrically regulated Belgrade settlement in Western Vračar (outside the Trench) started and was supposed to be connected with the city center of the Serbian Belgrade (inside the Trench) around the current Sabor
At the beginning of the 21 st century, comprehensive changes in the socioeconomic relations were reflected in the spatial development of cities in Serbia. Although through the history Belgrade and Novi Sad developed under different influences, small spatial distance brought these cities to the place where they have a lot of common aspects of development. Resulting from their institutional roles and concentration of capital and power, both Belgrade and Novi Sad have recently become dominant economic centres. The main focus of this paper is to study the similarities and differences in the changes that occurred in these two cities. The specific examples of the city fortress are observed, which apart from the historical importance, have a strong cultural influence on the development of local social relations, promotion and tourist development. New concepts of functional and spatial transformation, the development of local society and the establishment of public enterprises, organization and control of activities in the city fortifications allow different use of these spaces and the creation of new urban identity. Početkom 21. veka, sveobuhvatne promene društveno-ekonomskih odnosa, odrazile su se i na prostorni razvoj gradova u Srbiji. Iako su se kroz istoriju razvijali pod različitim uticajima, ali na maloj prostornoj udaljenosti, Beograd i Novi Sad imaju danas puno zajedničkih aspekata razvoja. Specifičnih prostornih, urbanističkih i demografskih karakteristika, zahvaljujući svojim institucionalnim ulogama, koncentraciji kapitala i moći, postali su poslednjih godina dominantni privredni centri. Težište rada je na istraživanju sličnosti i razlika u promenama koje se javljaju u ova dva grada, posmatrano na specifičnim primerima gradskih tvrñava, koje pored istorijskog značaja, imaju i jak kulturni uticaj na razvoj lokalnih društvenih odnosa, ali i promociju i turistički razvoj. Novi koncepti prostorno-funkcionalnih transformacija, razvoj lokalnog društva i formiranje javnih preduzeća, organizacija i kontrola aktivnosti u okviru gradskih utvrđenja omogućili su drugačije korišćenje ovih prostora i stvaranje novog identiteta.
2014
If you want to order this book, please contact PR of the Croatian Institute of History, Mr. Kresimir Krznaric: krznaric@isp.hr, or here: https://www.agm.hr/hr/shop/towns-and-cities-of-the-croatian-middle-ages,631.html There is hardly a topic that has been more inspirational for the medievalists than urban communities. In order to understand the life of cities and towns in the Middle Ages, it is important to define authority and property as related to urban space, and see the interplay between these two notions. These issues are not new in the European historiographies, especially in the recent years, when scholars have been investigating the legal aspects of ownership and the operation of urban real-estate market. Yet there are very few comparative studies on the European cities, and those that exist do not include the Croatian ones. Moreover, not too much research has been done on the relationship between property and the different levels of authority. This book is a result of an international conference that focused on this issue, based on the example of Croatian medieval towns and cities. The conference titled “The Town and the City of the Croatian Middle Ages: Authority and Property” took place in Zagreb (Croatia) in November 2010 at the Croatian Institute of History. Our intention was to stimulate discussion on some of the fundamental questions of urban history: What did it mean to own a town or a segment of urban space in the Middle Ages? What was the role of the owner, or the holder of an urban estate, in the development of a town? What did changes in ownership entail? Which sources should we use and which methods should we apply to investigate the relationship between authority and property? What was the legal nature of property over urban land? This volume focuses on urban estates, as they were the key elements in urban structure. They reflect urban politics and institutional organization, individual interests and their economic and social status, church regulations, and a wider political framework. Croatian medieval towns are barely represented in the international surveys of medieval and early modern urban culture. The aim of this volume was also to addressthis specific imbalance and to emphasise the entangled nature of local, regional, and international urban histories. For all these reasons, it seemed important to bring together prominent scholars who study the history of medieval (in the first place Croatian, but not only) urban development.
Belgrade has been devastated and redeveloped countless times. Various cultures, nations and conquerors left different urban matrices and physical structure. The groundwork for conceptualization and research of the urban matrix as an essential element of Belgrade’s urban morphology are graphic presentations - the old maps and plans 4 . Appreciating strategic significance Belgrade had up till 19 th century, they were mainly elaborating Belgrade Fortress area, while civil settlement – the Borough inside the Trench, a small typically oriental town (Kurtović Folić, 2000, pp. 15-21) was presented in general sketches. This paper deals with breakthrough conceptions about planned construction of Belgrade inside and outside of the fortress moat from the beginning of the 19 th till the beginning of the 20 th century. The ruling period of Prince Miloš Obrenović was especially emphasized, when planned construction of the new, geometrically regulated Belgrade settlement in Western Vračar (outside the Trench) started and was supposed to be connected with the city center of the Serbian Belgrade (inside the Trench) around the current Saborna church, via two already existing streets – Abadžijska Street and Fišeklijska Street. Prince Miloš in 1815., obtained from Marašli Ali Pasha the Savamala area with the formed village on so called slope, that was soon to be destroyed and set on fire upon his order, with the goal of building “a new Serbian Belgrade”. (Krasojević, 2004) The expelled landowners gained the opportunity to settle down on the Danube side, in the village of Palilula. In the third and the fourth decade of the 19 th century there started the planned guidance of population of respective urban areas and regulation of some tracings in Savamala and Terazije as far as the Batal Mosque, forming on the slopes of Savamala and Western Vračar a new part of Serbian Belgrade, beyond the Trench with several new “čaršija’’. (Škalamera, 1974. pp.9-14) In the period 1835-38, Prince Miloš began developing some prominent edifices and institutions of the restored Province of Serbia in this Belgrade area, and his son, Prince Mihailo Obrenović, continued with the development of this area after 1860.