Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution using Clinoptilolite and Stilbite (original) (raw)
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IJERT-Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution using Clinoptilolite and Stilbite
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/removal-of-heavy-metals-from-aqueous-solution-using-clinoptilolite-and-stilbite https://www.ijert.org/research/removal-of-heavy-metals-from-aqueous-solution-using-clinoptilolite-and-stilbite-IJERTV3IS110384.pdf Heavy metals are highly toxic and they must be removed from the polluted streams. Аdsorption by zeolites is currently considered to be very suitable for wastewater treatment because of its simplicity and cost effectiveness. The aim of this investigation was to compare adsorption efficiency of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn and Pb) from aqueous solution using two different types of natural zeolite: clinoptilolite from Bulgaria and stilbite from Macedonia. The obtained information will be basis for further research for acid mine drainage treatment with zeolite. The adsorption of Cu, Zn, Mn and Pb from aqueous solution using clinoptilolite and stilbite is effective. Copper and zinc ions are better adsorbed using stilbite, manganese ion is better adsorbed using clinoptilolite as adsorbent and for lead ion a both of used adsorbent gave a similar results. According to the maximum adsorption capacity (q e) was determine the selectivity of clinoptilolite and stilbite, for the respective heavy metal ions. The selectivity series obtained about clinoptilolite was: Pb 2+ > Cu 2+ > Zn 2+ > Mn 2+ , and about stilbite was Pb 2+ > Cu 2+ > Zn 2+ > Mn 2+. From the kinetic modelling, the pseudo-second order kinetic model gave a better fits than pseudo-first order kinetic model for adsorption of Cu, Zn, Mn and Pb onto clinoptilolite and stilbite.
Kinetics and equilibrium studies of heavy metal ions removalby use of natural zeolite
Desalination, 2007
In this study, the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution using natural clinoptilolite, obtained from the Biga-Canakkale region of Turkey, under different experimental conditions was investigated. The efficiency of zeolite as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals such as Cd (II), Cu (II), Ni (II) from aqueous solutions has been determined at the different initial concentration, zeolite amount, agitation speed and pH. Adsorption data have been interpreted in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The results were provided strong support for the adsorption of heavy metals into clinoptilolite and which were found to fit sufficient by the Langmuir isotherm in the most of case. The selectivity of the studied metals was determined as Cd (II)>Ni (II)>Cu (II). The sorption kinetics was tested for the first order reaction, intra-particle diffusion, pseudo-first order, and pseudo-second order reaction at different experimental conditions. The rate constants of sorption for all these kinetic models were calculated. Good correlation coefficients were obtained for the pseudo-second order kinetic model showing that cadmium, copper and nickel metal ions uptake processes followed the pseudo-second order rate expression.
Natural and modified zeolite to improve the adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions
The present work describes the characterization of natural zeolites and adsorption results for Pb +2 , Cd +2 , Fe +2 and Mn +2 from aqueous solutions. The zeolitic-rich tuff samples provided from Bulgarian Beli Bair (BB) and Beli Plast (BP) deposits and from North Chile (NCl), were characterized by their chemical and mineralogical composition, adsorption and ion exchange properties and X ray analysis. The average content of clinoptilolite for both samples was found to be more than 75%. The materials had ion exchange capacity (NH4 +) varying from 107 to 121 meq/100g respectively. Thermo-chemical modification of natural clinoptilolite from BB and BP was made in order to increase the ion exchange capacity up to 180 meq/100g. Results showed almost complete removal (>90 %) of the all metal ions studied. Activations of NCl-zeolite (118 m 2 /g) by pre-treatment with various ions greatly enhanced the Mn adsorption, in that order and mechanisms involved were elucidated. The maximum adsorption capacity (pH 6) were decreasing for activation with NaCl (21.3 mg Mn 2+ /g), NaOH (20.9 mg Mn 2+ /g), Na2CO3 (19.7 mg Mn 2+ /g), NH4Cl (18.5 mg Mn 2+ /g) and natural (7.1 mg Mn 2+ /g). The Langmuir isotherm model showed excellent correlation to the equilibrium data, and maximum capacity to adsorption depends of the activation type realized before the adsorption. The treatment of heavy metals bearing solutions using filter packets and stirred flasks was studied experimentally. The filters were made by a special technology following standard requirements in Bulgaria; i.e.: particle size distribution, mass ratio (g/m 2) and permeability. These filters purified the waters substantially lowering the metal ion concentrations well below sanitary standard limits. The reduction of Pb +2 was about 18 times, Mn +2 , more than 20 times and Fe +2 and Cd +2 , 50 times. The total reduction of the heavy metals was more than 25 times and varied within the limits of 5 to 14 mg/L after the third stage treatment. Best results were obtained with blends of BB and BP natural clinoptilolite at 50:50 ratios and after the thermo-chemical treatment.
Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology, 2018
The adsorption mechanism of Cd, Fe, and Ni, ions on natural (clinoptilolite) zeolites, a regional low-cost natural available adsorbent was studied in a batch adsorption system. The effect of several parameters such as contact time, zeolite dose, particle size, the effect of pH, and initial concentration of metal ions in the adsorption process was estimated. The optimum adsorption was found to occur at pH 6.0, adsorbent dose 1.0 g/L, and initial concentration 2, 20 and 10 mg/L for Cd, Fe, and Ni, respectively. The adsorption efficiency also increases with decreasing particle size of zeolites and the effect of retention time on adsorption ratio shows that 80% of the Cd, Fe, and Ni, are adsorbed by zeolite during first 120 minutes. Under these optimum conditions, the removal efficiency was 78.8, 89.1, and 65.5% of Cd +2 , Fe +3 and Ni +2 , ions, respectively. Sorption data have Original Research Article Abd El-Azim and Mourad; AJEE, 7(1): 1-13, 2018; Article no.AJEE.41004 2 been interpreted in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The adsorption efficiency of heavy metals in industrial wastewater as application mode was also investigated using zeolites and these results showed that natural zeolites hold great potential to remove cationic heavy metal species from industrial wastewater and confirms the potential use of zeolite for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater via adsorption. It was concluded that zeolite is very promising for the removal of metal ions from aqueous solution and hence we encourage the utilization of zeolites in environmental applications.
Heavy Metal Adsorption by Clinoptilolite from Aqueous Solutions
2005
The chromium, cobalt and cadmium removal from wastewaters by natural and modified zeolites was examined by using a batch-type method. A clinoptilolite-type Turkey natural zeolite was pretreated with HCl and HNO3 to improve the adsorption capacity for heavy metals. The removal efficiencies and kinetics of heavy metals such as chromium, cobalt and cadmium on natural and modified zeolites were determined. The kinetics of adsorption indicates the process to be diffusion controlled.
Application efficiency of Clinoptilolite natural zeolite for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ removal from Wastewater
Wulfenia, 2015
The presence of heavy metals in aquatic environments has been of great concern because of their increased discharge, toxic nature, and other adverse effects on receiving water. This research focuses on the removal of Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ from synthetic metal solutions using Clinoptilolite natural zeolite. Laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the effectiveness of natural zeolite as a potential low cost material for the removal of these heavy metals from wastewater. The experiments include adsorption-desorption, equilibrium tests and column studies. Equilibrium studies showed that the capacity of Clinoptilolite natural zeolite for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ metals increased with an increase in equilibrium concentration. The selectivity series of Clinoptilolite natural zeolite was found to be: Pb 2+ >Cu 2+. Fitting of the Langmuir isotherms to experimental data gave good fits, R 2 values ranging from 0.957-0.986. Higher metal uptake was achieved by decreasing particle size of Clinoptilolite natural zeolite. Column studies showed that Clinoptilolite natural zeolite was capable of removing heavy metals from a continuously flowing solution. Clinoptilolite natural zeolite showed greater affinity for Pb 2+ and hence the lower desorption efficiency, as it is more difficult to displace Pb 2+ from the adsorption sites on zeolite. Results suggest that Clinoptilolite natural zeolite was best suited for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ removal from wastewater treating.
Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry
The present work aims at characterization of natural zeolites and their adsorption properties in respect to Pb+2, Cd+2, Fe+2 and Mn+2 ions inaqueous solutions. The zeolitized tuff samples provided from the Bulgarian deposits Belia Bair (BB) and Beli Plast (BP) and from Northern Chile (NCl), were studied in respect to chemical and mineralogical composition, as well as adsorption and ion exchange properties. The average content of clinoptilolite for both Bulgarian samples was found to be more than 75% and they had ion exchange capacity (NH4 +) varying from 107 to 121 meq/100g, respectively. Thermo-chemical modification of natural clinoptilolite from BB and BP was made in order to increase the ion exchange capacity up to 180 meq/100g. The results showed almost complete removal (>90 %) of all the metal ions studied. Activations of NCl-zeolite (118 m2 g-1) by pre-treatment with various ions greatly enhanced the Mn adsorption and mechanisms involved were elucidated. The maximum adsorpt...
2018
The aim of this article is characterization of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) and its application for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. Characterization of the natural zeolite from Beli Plast deposit, Kardjali, was conducted using: classical chemical analysis, XRD, SEM/EDS, DTA/TG/DTG, XRF, FTIR and BET. Based on the results of the chemical composition, XRD, SEM/EDS and FTIR analyses, it is evident that the major component of the working material (~ 95%) is clinoptilolite. In fact, the working material is alumino-silicate with high silicate module and it is of clinoptilolite type. The applied material has the specific surface area of 31.3 m 2 /g determined by BET method with nitrogen adsorption. The maximum capacity of clinoptilolite towards zinc, nickel and cobalt removal under the studied conditions is approximately 3.5 mg/g, for copper and manganese is approximately 4.5 mg/g and for lead ions is approximately 30 mg/g. Natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) was used as a potential raw material for the purpose of removal of Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), Pb(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions from model solutions. The experimental results were obtained in a laboratory scale batch glass reactor with continuous stirring at 400 rpm. The adsorption of studied heavy metal ions from solution were efficiently onto used adsorbent and approximately 90% from ions were removed from single ion solutions. Generally, it can be concluded that studied clinoptilolite is a potential raw material for effective removal of heavy metals ions from various types of waste waters.
Adsorption of toxic metals by natural and modified clinoptilolite
Annali di chimica, 2007
The chromium, cobalt and lead removal from aqueous solution by natural and modified zeolites was examined by using a batch-type method. Clinoptilolite samples used in this study were supplied from Bigadiç, Turkey. All samples were modified with HNO3 or NaOH to improve the adsorption capacity for heavy metals. The removal efficiencies and kinetics of heavy metals such as chromium, cobalt and lead on natural and modified zeolites were determined. The effects of the initial metal concentration on the removal percentage of heavy metal ions were studied. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm constants and correlation coefficients were found and the equilibrium process was described by the Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption kinetic was tested and then it indicates the process to be diffusion controlled.
Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater Using Iranain Modified Natural Clinoptilolite
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2013
In this study, the absorption properties of the natural zeolite (from east of Iran) with respect to some heavy metal cations in water solution were investigated. Clinoptilolite, a natural zeolite, was used for the removal of Cu 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ ions from water samples. The batch method has been employed. Satisfactory result was obtained by using pretreatment condition and regeneration. The percentage adsorption and distribution coefficient were determined for the absorption cations as a function of sorbate concentration. In the ion exchange evaluation, two sorption isotherms, Langmuir and Freundlich have been studied. Cation exchange selectivity can be given as Cd 2+ > Cu 2+ > Co 2+ >Ni 2+. These results show that these natural zeolites can be used efficiently for removal of heavy metal species from wastewater.