Neuropsychiatry of nutritional disorders (original) (raw)

Oxford Textbook of Neuropsychiatry

Abstract

Malnutrition is a hugely extensive global health issue, with an estimated 800 million affected worldwide and almost 2 billion when those with specific nutritional deficiencies are taken into account. This chapter discusses the link between nutritional deficiency and neuropsychiatric disorder. In some cases, this can take the form of a clear cause and effect such as the prevalence of Wernicke’s encephalopathy in those with thiamine deficiency. However, it is important to develop means to determine the relationship between malnutrition and neuropsychiatric disorders in general. It focuses firstly on malnutrition, exploring the cognitive and central nervous system changes in those who would be found malnourished by the Waterlow criteria, before moving on to specific deficiencies and their associated neuropsychiatric presentations, such as B6 (pyridoxine) and epilepsy, or iron and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

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