Poster #146 DEFICIT AND NON-DEFICIT SCHIZOPHRENIA: LONGITUDINAL COURSE OF NEUROCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. A PROSPECTIVE 5 YEARS FOLLOW-UP STUDY (original) (raw)
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Neurocognitive impairment in the deficit subtype of schizophrenia
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 2015
to non-deficit patients who also present with negative symptoms, albeit not enduring or primary, no group differences in cognitive performance were found. Furthermore, a discriminant function analysis classifying patients into deficit/ non-deficit groups based on cognitive scores demonstrated only 62.3 % accuracy, meaning over one-third of individuals were misclassified. The deficit subtype of schizophrenia is not markedly distinct from non-deficit schizophrenia in terms of neurocognitive performance. While deficit patients tend to have poorer performance on cognitive tests, the magnitude of this effect is relatively modest, translating to over 70 % overlap in scores between groups.
Psychiatry Research, 1998
. The Proxy for the Deficit Syndrome PDS was used with longitudinal symptom assessment data to identify recent-onset schizophrenia patients with the deficit syndrome. We evaluated the stability of deficit symptoms using repeated assessments. Symptom ratings were examined at an initial point of outpatient stabilization on antipsychotic medication as well as prospectively over the subsequent 12 months of outpatient treatment and assessment in 83 recent-onset schizophrenia patients. The vast majority of patients who were classified as non-deficit at the cross-sectional baseline assessment continued to remain non-deficit throughout the first year of treatment. However, patients classified as deficit at baseline did not consistently remain classified as showing deficit syndrome during the follow-through period. Thus, the presence of deficit symptoms detected in a single cross-sectional rating may be an inaccurate way to rate the deficit syndrome, yielding excessive false positives. Our use of longitudinal data allowed the stability criterion of the deficit syndrome to be evaluated using the PDS. ᮊ
Deficit psychopathology and a paradigm shift in schizophrenia research
Biological Psychiatry, 1999
Despite recognition that schizophrenia must have syndrome status in the absence of proof of a single etiopathophysiologic process, a century of work has been based on designs that conceptualize schizophrenia as a single disease entity. Reducing heterogeneity at several levels of functioning is desirable. In this article we summarize progress using deficit syndrome psychopathology to address heterogeneity. The deficit syndrome has proven to be reliable, with construct validity, as well as predictive validity with biological, treatment, and course variables. We propose a shift in schizophrenia research away from the syndrome level toward study designs that identify more homogeneous entities. Doing so will increase the statistical power of study designs by reducing false positive cases.
Schizophrenia Research, 2006
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess if cognitive variables and symptom dimensions can predict disability in a sample of outpatients with schizophrenia. Method: A cross-sectional sample of 113 individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (DSM-IV criteria) was selected from a computerized register of five Community Mental Health Centers. Patients were assessed by two trained psychologists, with a neuropsychological battery comprising measures for verbal memory, attention, operative memory and abstraction and flexibility functions. Symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); a socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire, comprising the Disability Assessment Scale (DAS), was also completed. Test scores were standardized (t scores) to performance of healthy controls. To assess the relationship between clinical and sociodemographic factors and disability and cognitive functioning Pearson's correlation coefficients were computed. In order to establish the predictive capacity of the cognitive, clinical and symptom variables on disability linear regression models were fitted. Results: Mean age of patients was 41.6 years and 68% were male. Higher ratings in the negative dimension were associated with more cognitive deficits. Association with the positive dimension was present but less strong. All disability areas, except for disability in occupational functioning, were partially explained by the negative dimension. Disability in family functioning was also partially explained by attention and number of admissions since onset. Conclusion: Negative symptoms are the major source of disability of our sample and are also associated to cognitive functioning. The present findings suggest that further investigation on the mediators between clinical and social outcomes may help to design specific treatments to reduce disability.
Deficit in schizophrenia: The relationship between negative symptoms and neurocognition
Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2001
The aim of the study was to analyze the role of clinical and neuropsychological variables in the psychosocial functioning and evolution of negative schizophrenia. We examined a sample of 49 negative schizophrenic outpatients who were pharmacologically stabilized. The subjects were evaluated clinically with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS), and