Polymeric Waveguide Film With Embedded Mirror for Multilayer Optical Circuits (original) (raw)
2009, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
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Polymer Waveguide Technology for Optical Interconnect Circuits and Components
The goal of this report is to tackle the “interconnection bottleneck” for board-level communications by investigating the high-speed performance of the polymer waveguide and multilevel modulation schemes so as to maximum the data transmission rate. There are two main parts in this report: one is the high-performance studies on the polymer waveguide; the other one is the investigation on advanced modulation schemes. Although the dynamic characteristics of the polymer waveguide have been investigated intensively by Dr. Nikos Bamiedakis in the CPS, the performance of the spiral polymer waveguide is still not fully understood. So the first few chapters of this report are seeking to answer some of the questions such as how much bandwidth the spiral waveguide can support. The importance of this work is to determine if the current waveguide can support high data rate such as 25 Gb/s and beyond (e.g. 100 Gb/s). In addition, very little work has been done on the polymer waveguide using advanced modulations for high speed data transmission. Therefore, the last part of this report presents some studies on advanced modulation schemes based on the polymer waveguide system. Previously, 10 Gb/s data transmission based on the polymer waveguide has been demonstrated by Dr. Nikos and many other research groups. The purpose of this report is to investigate the approaches of increasing the data rate up to 25 Gb/s and beyond using advanced modulation formats.
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In this communication, the fabrication and characterization results of O/E-PWBs comprising multimode polymer waveguides with optical-I/O-coupling facets are presented. The epoxy-based glycidyl ether derivative of bisphenol-A novolac (SU-8) and its refractive index modified grade (L6100) polymers are used as the optical waveguide core and the cladding, respectively. The waveguides with integrated 45° out-of-plane turning micromirrors are fabricated using ultraviolet (UV) lithography. The surface topography and sloping angle characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that 45-degree nearly rectilinear mirror planes were achieved. Parallel waveguide channels with the total-internal-reflection (TIR) are fabricated as an optical-build-up layer on conventional PWBs for functional evaluation. The waveguide transmission loss of the guides with and without the mirror facets is measured using the cut-hack method.
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