Optical and spectroscopic properties of soda-lime alumino silicate glasses doped with Er3+ and/or Yb3+ (original) (raw)
Related papers
2006
Silicate glasses are among the best hosts for rare-earth ions, especially for the development of integrated optic amplifiers and lasers, due to their chemical robustness and adaptability to different waveguide fabrication process. Their application to the manufacturing of optical amplifiers, however, may be limited by the relatively narrow fluorescence bandwidth. Here the results of an in-depth study of the effect of an increasing content of alumina on the broadening of the emission bandwidth are reported. We synthesized and characterized a new set of glasses: their basic composition was of the type SiO 2 -Na 2 O -CaO -Al 2 O 3 , with small percentages of P 2 O 5 and K 2 O. Alumina content was varied from about 1% to 20 mol%. An almost constant concentration of erbium oxide ( 0.4 mol% ) was also present. The spectroscopic properties of these glasses, namely absorption and emission spectra, radiative and experimental lifetimes, are discussed. The characterization of the optical waveguides, fabricated in these glasses by ion-exchange method, is presented as well.
Thermo-mechanical and optical properties of calcium aluminosilicate glasses doped with Er3+ and Yb3+
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2000
In this work a series of Er 2 O 3 and Yb 2 O 3 doped and Er 2 O 3 ±Yb 2 O 3 co-doped low silica calcium aluminosilicate glasses have been melted at 1470°C under vacuum conditions. Measurements of optical absorption coecient, mass density, refractive index, Vickers micro-hardness, glass transformation temperature (T g) and crystallization temperature (T x) have been carried out. The results showed that these glasses dissolved 1.5mol1.5 mol% Er 2 O 3 and 1.5mol1.1 mol% Yb 2 O 3 in their structure without devitri®cation and also that only small changes ($10%) have been measured in their thermal, mechanical and optical properties.
Erbium-doped silicate glasses for integrated optical amplifiers and lasers
Journal of Non-crystalline Solids, 2004
Soda-lime silicate glasses doped with different percentages of Er- and Yb-oxides were produced by melting, and both planar and channel waveguides were fabricated by ion exchange. Pure potassium and diluted silver nitrate melts were used. The optical and spectroscopic properties of the various waveguides were investigated, and the results are reported here. The optical parameters such as refractive index, diffusion depth and number of modes were measured by dark-line spectroscopy. Absorption and fluorescence spectra were also recorded. Channel waveguides were produced by photolithographic patterning, using Al or Ti masking films. Particular attention was focused on two aspects: (a) the study of the spectroscopic properties as a function of Er3+/Yb3+ concentration; and (b) the shaping of the waveguide index profile by thermal annealing treatments. By using proper process parameters, net optical gain in the 1532–1555 nm band was measured in different samples, both in K+- and in Ag+-exchanged channel waveguides, upon pumping at 980 nm.
Spectral studies of erbium doped soda lime silicate glasses in visible and near infrared regions
Optical Materials, 2007
Optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra of Er 3+ doped soda lime silicate glasses of the composition (in wt.%) 68.94SiO 2 -22.55Na 2 O-1.91CaO-4.96K 2 O-0.85B 2 O 3 -0.29As 2 O 3 -xEr 2 O 3 where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 have been studied in the UV-VIS/NIR regions. From the measured intensities of the various absorption bands of these glasses, the Judd-Ofelt parameters X 2 , X 4 and X 6 have been evaluated. Judd-Ofelt theory has been successfully applied to characterize the absorption and luminescence spectra of these glasses. From this theory various radiative properties like spontaneous emission probability, radiative life time, fluorescence branching ratio and stimulated emission cross-section for various emission bands of these glasses in the visible and NIR spectral regions have been determined and reported. An attempt has been made to through some light on the environment of Er 3+ in this glass system. Radiative properties of fluorescence band at $1.54 lm suggest the suitability of this glass system for broadband amplifier in the third telecom window. Ó 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Ag+ planar waveguides in novel Er–Yb silicate glasses
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2007
Planar waveguides were prepared by silver 2 sodium ion-exchange in a set of specially designed europium-ytterbium-doped silicate glasses. In this study, we focused on the influence of co-doping glasses with ytterbium ions on their final behaviour. First, a suitable molar ratio between Er 3+ /Yb 3+ ions was searched in order to maximize the efficiency of absorption of the pumping signal at 980 nm and consequently to increase the intensity of the emitted signal at 1550 nm. Transmission spectra at 980 and 1550 nm and emission spectra at 1550 nm of these new glasses are given. Second, effect of ytterbium ions on permeability of a glass network structure during the ionexchange process of waveguides fabrication was also studied. Properties of the fabricated planar waveguides were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to gain information about chemical composition of the active layer prepared in Er 3+ /Yb 3+ substrate and dark mode spectroscopy at 671 nm to obtain information about the optical properties (e.g. number of guided modes, refractive index profiles and depth of waveguide active layer).
2006
Specially designed silicate glasses that contain various rare earth ions have recently become a very promising type of materials for photonics applications (e.g., optical amplifiers or lasers). Here we present a solution to the specific problem in fabrication of planar and channel optical waveguides by Ag + ↔ Na + ion exchange in Er-and Yb-containing glasses. From our previous experiments it follows that the routinely used conditions of this ion exchange are not suitable for fabrication of optical waveguides that would be used in optical amplifiers. To obtain samples with satisfactory optical properties (particularly, to minimize the optical losses in the waveguides), the total amount of Ag + ions in-diffused into the surface layers of the glass has to be lowered. Moreover, the layers should be deepened and the total refractive index increment in the layers should be decreased to achieve the desired change of the refractive index profile. The experiments revealed that lowering of the Ag + ions amount in the layers is possible by a substantial decrease of their concentration in the reaction melt. The redistribution of the silver ions in the layers (resulting in further change of the n(x) profile) was achieved by a combination of two fabrication steps -the ion exchange and the annealing (i.e., heating of the as-exchanged layers in air).
Fabrication and characterization of channel optical waveguides in Er/Yb-doped silicate glasses
Optical Materials, 2007
Here we report on a set of newly designed silicate glasses doped with erbium and ytterbium, which appear to be promising materials for waveguide optical amplifiers. Properties of these glasses relevant for the fabrication of optical waveguides by ion exchange (permeability for ions to be exchanged) and dispersion characteristics of fabricated waveguides are compared to other types of silicate glass commonly used for this purpose, namely the boro-silicate (BK7) and soda-lime (GIL49) glasses. Planar and channel optical waveguides were fabricated in all these glasses by Ag + () Na + and K + () Na + ion exchanges. Fabrication process was adjusted for each particular glass substrate individually and was optimized to obtain single-mode channel waveguides at the wavelength of 1550 nm with optical mode field distributions providing highly efficient coupling to a standard singlemode optical fiber. Chemical composition of the fabricated waveguiding layers was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDAX). Optical properties of the waveguides were characterized by a standard dark mode spectroscopy at the wavelength of 671 nm and by near field imaging in the spectral range from 1500 to 1640 nm.
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2014
Er and Er/Yb doped photosensitive multicomponent silicate glasses with composition of 60SiO 2-10GeO 2-10B 2 O 3-20Na 2 O (in wt.%) were prepared and characterized in terms of absorption cross-section (σ a), fluorescence lifetime (τ m) and concentration quenching effect. The solubility of rare earth ions in this glass is much higher (to 2 wt.%) than that of conventional silicate glasses, with corresponding lifetime and quantum efficiency of τ m = 7.5 ms and η = 50%, respectively. Glasses with different Er/Yb ratios were also made to investigate the effects of Er/Yb ratios on energy transfer efficiency. A ratio of Er/Yb = 0.4 showed higher absorption cross-section compared to 0.2 and 0.6. The lifetime for all samples decreased with the addition of Yb 2 O 3. We also report on the 1.5 μm emission line broadening of Er 3+ ion emission in these glasses. The emission of full width at half maximum shifted from 25.7 nm to 48.2 nm and the increased line width was found to correlate to an increase in Er 3+ concentration in such a multicomponent glass. The studied glass with multifunctional properties is proved to be a very good candidate for application in integrated optics.