Chemical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Essential Oils and an Anatomical Study of the Aerial Parts fromBaccharisSpecies (Asteraceae) (original) (raw)
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Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Baccharis punctulata (Asteraceae), popularly known as "Chíllka saru saru" in Bolivia, has been used by rural communities in Bustillo Province of the Potosi Department for treatment of asthma, luxations and contusions. Aim of the study: To analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from leaves of female (BPF) and male (BPM) specimens and evaluate their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Material and methods: Chemical composition analyses of Baccharis punctulata essential oils isolated by hidrodistillation from leaves of male and female specimens were performed by GC-FID-MS. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the model of TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) induced ear edema, and the polymorphonuclear cell migration was evaluated by mieloperoxidase (MPO) and analyzed histologically. To measure the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the inflamed tissue, the DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used. The chemical in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oils was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. Results: The chemical analysis showed high proportion of sesquiterpenes in the volatiles samples obtained from BPM, such as δ-elemene (14.29%), germacrene D (11.29%) and bicyclogermacrene (10.90%), and in the sample from BPF, bicyclogermacrene (42.44%), germacrene D (21.18%) and β-caryophyllene (14.06%). A statistical difference (p < 0.05) on chemical composition between both essential oils was observed. Topical administration of both BPM and BPF essential oils was able to inhibit the formation of TPA-induced edema in the treated groups. Isolated administration of TPA promoted an increase in MPO enzyme activity, and inhibition of the increase of MPO activity was observed when animals were treated with BFP at concentrations of 0.1 mg/ear (13.69 ± 0.20%), 0.3 mg/ear (22.35 ± 0.11%), and 1.0 mg/ear (44.98 ± 0.27%). Topical treatment with BPM was able to inhibit MPO activity at 22.40 ± 0.29% (0.1 mg/ear), 36.49 ± 0.07% (0.3 mg/ear) and 52.19 ± 0.28% (1.0 mg/ear). The positive control of dexamethasone (DEXA, 0.1 mg/ear) was able to revert the increase in the enzymatic activity of MPO caused by TPA (65.16%). Histological analysis showed that topical application of TPA promoted intense cellular infiltration. This inflammatory parameter was reduced with the topical application of the BPF and BPM oil samples as well as with DEXA. The results observed in the ROS and DPPH tests suggest that both samples were able to reduce the inflammatory cells influx and have in vitro antioxidant properties, respectively. Conclusions: This study presents, for the first time, the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2012
The chemical composition of the essential oils and the anatomical structures of the aerial parts from Baccharis anomala, B. megapotamica and B. ochracea growing in Brazil were studied. The volatile constituents isolated by hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer detector (GC-MSD) and gas chromatograph coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The botanical material was fixed, sectioned and prepared according to light and scanning microtechniques. The essential oil from B. anomala yielded 0.18% and showed α-acorenol (16.0%), spathulenol (13.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (12.1%) as the main components. Spathulenol (28.0% and 37.1%) and caryophyllene oxide (20.4% and 30.8%) represented the major constituents of the essential oils from B. megapotamica (yield = 0.17%) and B. ochracea (yield = 0.18%), respectively. The leaves and stems of these Baccharis species showed non-glandular trichomes and secretory ducts. Glandular trichomes were also found on the vegetative aerial parts of B. megapotamica
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2015
The essential oil of aerial parts from Baccharis obtusifolia (Asteraceae) growing wild in Ecuador was obtained by hydrodistillation and examined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS and GC–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) analysis. Thirty-one individual compounds were identified and constitute 96.1% of the total composition of the oil. The main constituents of the oil were limonene (28.3%), germacrene-D (9.8%), ?-pinene (9.0%), ?-pinene (8.2%), bicyclogermacrene (6.2%) and ?-cadinene (5.7%). The essential oil showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. Baccharis obtusifolia oil exhibited a moderate antibacterial effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 9997) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), and good antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 28188) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ATCC 28185). In this study, the chemical composition and biological activity of the essential oil of B. obtusifolia (Asteraceae) are reported for the first time.
Comparative analysis of essential oils of Baccharis L.: a review
Revista Stricto Sensu, 2016
Baccharis pertence à família Asteraceae e é fonte de biomoléculas que têm sido utilizadas como novos medicamentos. Baccharis é rico em óleos essenciais e contém vários compostos como -pineno, -pineno, limoneno, -cariofileno, germacreno-D e espatulenol. Este trabalho avaliou vários artigos científicos e comparou a quantidade e a composição química dos óleos essenciais de 33 amostras de 22 espécies de Baccharis. Variações foram observadas nos constituintes terpênicos bem como na quantidade de monoterpenos e sesquiterpenos.
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2008
The essential oils of the leaves and fruits from bay (Laurus nobilis L.) grown in Antakya, Yayladagi and Samandagi were isolated by solvent extraction and analysed by capillary gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In Antakya, Yayladagi and Samandagi the chemical compositions of the fruits and leaves were similar according to qualitative and quantitative analysis. Although in both fruits and leaves the major component was found to be 1.8-Cineole a concentration of about 50% compared with essential oils. The composition of the essential oil from the leaves has high content of 1.8-Cineole, Sabinene and α-Terpinyl acetate, but a low content of α-Pinene, α-Phellandrene and trans-β-osimen. 1.8-Cineole was found major component of the leaves essential oil collected from Samandagi (59.94%) which is sea coast of region. Interestingly, α-Pinene, β-Pinene, α-Phellandrene, 1.8-Cineole and trans-β-osimen were found the major components of fruits of Laurus nobilis L. harvested from Antakya, Yayladagi and Samandagi. Trans-β-osimen was detected as the major component of fruits essential oil collected again from Samandagi (28.35%)
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2005
Essential oils of B. articulata, B. crispa, B. microcephala, Baccharis milleflora, B. myriocephala, B. stenocephala, B. trimera and B. usterii, all of sect. Caulopterae, have been analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Despite the morphological similarity among these species, differences in composition of their essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation and hexane extract could be observed. Special attention was given to Baccharis trimera and B. crispa since their differentiation during early stages is not possible due to the absence of synflorescences. Carquejyl acetate is suggested as a marker for Baccharis trimera, and a fast method of detection of this compound is given.
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2021
Differences in female/male plant metabolism for dioecious species are poorly understood but relevant if the economic exploitation of such resources is the objective. In this work, the composition of Baccharis tridentata Vahl essential oil from the flowering aerial parts of male and female plants was analysed separately by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; area percentage and internal standard), and CPGC-MS (chiral phase gas chromatography analysis using modified β-cyclodextrin), reporting the enantiomeric distribution of monoterpene hydrocarbons as a genuineness criterion. The results confirmed high qualitative similarities between the essential oils from both genders, but quantitative differences in the main components α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene and bornyl acetate. Regarding the CPGC-MS analysis of monoterpene hydrocarbons, both sexes presented both enantiomers in the same ratios, which is in contrast to the values reported in the literature for related plants. However, natural bornyl acetate (isolated from B. tridentata essential oil) demonstrated a 100% enantiomeric excess of the levogyre enantiomer, a fact that has chemotaxonomic relevance.
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2008
RESUMO: "Características físico-químicas dos óleos essenciais de Baccharis dracunculifolia e Baccharis uncinella D.C. (Asteraceae)". Os óleos essenciais de Baccharis dracunculifolia e Baccharis uncinella, obtidos por hidrodestilação, foram caracterizados físico e quimicamente em relação ao seu rendimento, sua densidade relativa (d 20 20), seu índice de refração, sua solubilidade em etanol e sua composição química por meio de cromatografi a gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG/ EM). Os resultados mostraram um rendimento de 1,5 e 1,65 mL/100g-1 , uma densidade relativa (d 20 20) de 0,9151 e 0,9147, um índice de refração de 1,4593 e 1,4602, um poder rotatório de +1,99 e +2,18, a sua solubilidade em etanol 70% foi 3,0, em etanol 80% foi 1,0 e em etanol 96,5% também foi de 1,0, para o óleo de B. dracunculifolia e B. uncinella, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que os óleos avaliados são semelhantes, apresentando 26 compostos, com destaque para β-pineno, ε-nerolidol, limoneno e espatulenol.
Journal of The Chilean Chemical Society, 2007
The volatile constituents of the aerial flowering parts of Linum pubescens were collected by hydro-distillation and analysed by GC and GC/MS. Analysis allowed the identification of 68 components of which, geranyl isovalerate (18.93%), lauric acid (12.07%), germacrene D (10.61%), decanoic acid (8.07%), 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (5.02%) and 1-hexanol (4.99%) were detected as major constituents. The isolated essential oil of the plant exhibited high antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus ATCC11778, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2923) and showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 13048 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031).