The Role of Perceived Social Support in the Relationship Between Being Bullied and Mental Health Difficulties in Adolescents (original) (raw)
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Bullying, social support and adolescents’ mental health: Results from a follow-up study
Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 2020
Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive roles of being bullied and perceived social support in association with adolescents’ mental health. Methods: At two time points, September 2016 and April–June 2017, questionnaires were distributed to students between 15 and 21 years of age in four upper-secondary schools in Norway, with a total sample size of 351. Random- and fixed-effects regression models were used to estimate the effects of being bullied and social support on adolescents’ mental health. Results: In the random-effects models, being bullied was associated with lower scores on mental well-being and higher scores on anxiety and depression symptoms. Social support from family and friends was associated with higher scores on mental well-being, as well as fewer anxiety and depression symptoms. However, the results from the fixed-effects model, with more realistic assumptions, indicated that being bullied was only associated with more anxiety and depression sympto...
2017
Bullying was once classified as being physical, verbal, direct and indirect (Smith et al., 2008). However, recent developments in technology and current technology-centered lifestyle have brought a different type of bullying called as "cyberbullying" (Akbaba & Eroğlu, 2013). Cyberbullying is the intentional act of harrasing of others by individuals or groups using technology as a mean (Belsey, 2007; Calvete, Orue, Estévez, Villardón, & Padilla 2010). Cyberbullying has created serious problems, notably psychological distress, among people. Therefore it is of great significance to take serious measures to overcome cyberbullying (Beale & Hall, 2007). To do this, it is required to thoroughly investigate possible variables that may correlate with cyberbullying (Demir & Seferoğlu, 2016). Therefore, in this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between cyberbullying and perceived social support, which is considered as one of the potential reasons for cyberbullying (Calvete et al., 2010; Demeray & Malecki, 2003; Park, Na & Kim, 2014). Perceived social support is defined as the perception an individual has of being loved, cared for and valued by others (Demaray & Malecki, 2003). Moreover, it was also aimed to determine if cyberbullying differs across gender, grade and frequency of internet use. In this study, researchers investigated the relationship between cyberbullying perceived social support and also the effects of several variables on cyberbullying among 11-14 years old students. For this reason, descriptive correlational research design was adopted (Fraenkel, Wallen & Hyun, 2012). 223 fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth grade students from two different schools participated in this research. Personel information questionaire, cyberbullying scale and perceived social support scale were used to collect demographic information and to assess cyberbullying and perceived social support. Cyberbullying scale, developed by Arıcak, Kınay and Tanrıkulu (2012), is a 4 point likert scale and consisted of 24 items with single factor. Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.95 for this scale. The scale is appropriate to use on 11-17 age group. Perceived social support scale, developed by, Yıldırım (2004), is a 3 point likert scale and has 50 items with 3 factors, which are parent support (20 items), peer support (13 items) and teacher support (17 items). Cronbach alpha coefficient was computed as 0.93 for the whole scale and 0.94, 0.91 and 0.93 for parent support, peer support and teacher support sub-scales respectively. In this study, only family support sub-scale was used to measure students' perceived social support level. In data analysis, to determine the relationship, Spearman rank correlational coefficient was used. Additionally, mean scores were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019
In the current study, we tested the relations between cyberbullying roles and several psychological well-being outcomes, as well as the potential mediation effect of perceived social support from family, friends, and teachers in school. This was investigated in a cross-sectional sample of 1707 young adolescents (47.5% girls, aged 10–13 years, self-reporting via a web questionnaire) attending community and private schools in a mid-sized municipality in Sweden. We concluded from our results that the Cyberbully-victim group has the highest levels of depressive symptoms, and the lowest of subjective well-being and family support. We also observed higher levels of anxiety symptoms in both the Cyber-victims and the Cyberbully-victims. Moreover, we conclude that some types of social support seem protective in the way that it mediates the relationship between cyberbullying and psychological well-being. More specifically, perceived social support from family and from teachers reduce the prob...
2015
This research is about bullying problems at schools in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The focus of the study includes three variables namely types of bully, effects of bully and social support extended to victims. This is a quantitative study which uses questionnaire as its data collection instrument in order to address the designated research questions. The questionnaire has been validated and improved through comments from experts, pilot study and Rasch Model Analysis. A total of 545 students from six districts of South Sulawesi Indonesia which include Pangkep, Maros, Gowa, Tator, Luwu and Palopo were involved in this study. They were students who have been bullied at schools. Descriptive analysis shows that in the analysis of types of bullying, verbal bullying is the most common type of bullying experienced by the students followed by social bullying, physical bullying and cyber bullying. Whereas the analysis of effects shows that depression is experienced by most of the students fol...