Effect of titanium and zirconia dental implant abutments on a cultivable polymicrobial saliva community (original) (raw)
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Comparison of In Vitro Biofilm Formation on Titanium and Zirconia Implants
BioMed Research International
Background. Peri-implant diseases are emerging issues in contemporary implant dentistry. As biofilms play a critical role in peri-implant diseases, the characteristic of resisting bacterial adhesion would be ideal for dental implants. The aims of the study were to compare titanium (Ti) and zirconia (Zr) implants regarding the amount of biofilm formation at different time frames and assess the distribution of biofilm on different aspects of dental implants. Methods. Biofilm was developed on Ti and Zr dental implants with a peri-implant-related multispecies model with Streptococcus oralis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella dispar, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, for 3 and 14 days. Quantitative assessment was performed with the measurement of total bacterial viability (colony forming units, CFU/mg). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate biofilm formation on different aspects of the implants. Results. Three-day-old biofilm on Ti implants was significantly higher than t...
Journal of periodontal & implant science, 2012
Several parameters have been described for determining the success or failure of dental implants. The surface properties of transgingival implant components have had a great impact on the long-term success of dental implants. The purpose of this study was to compare the tendency of two periodontal pathogens to adhere to and colonize zirconia abutments and titanium alloys both in hard surfaces and soft tissues. Twelve patients participated in this study. Three months after implant placement, the abutments were connected. Five weeks following the abutment connections, the abutments were removed, probing depth measurements were recorded, and gingival biopsies were performed. The abutments and gingival biopsies taken from the buccal gingiva were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction to compare the DNA copy numbers of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and total bacteria. The surface free energy of the abutments was calculated using the sessile ...
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2018
The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and microbiological parameters around dental zirconia and titanium implants compared with natural teeth during experimental plaque accumulation. Clinical parameters were evaluated (gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth). Microbiological samples were analyzed for total bacterial cell counts, as well as Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia counts. A statistically significant difference over time was observed in the groups in terms of the gingival index (P < 0.001), plaque index (P < 0.001), and bleeding on probing (P = 0.039). The lowest mean total number of bacterial cells was measured around the teeth, followed by the zirconia implants; the highest values were found around the titanium implants. T. forsythia and P. intermedia values showed significant changes over time and sessions around the titanium implants. Compared to the soft tissues around zirconia implants and the teeth, those around titanium implants developed a stronger inflammatory response to experimental plaque accumulation in terms of the total number of bacterial cells and T. forsythia and P. intermedia values.
The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, 2020
R eplacement of one or more missing teeth with dental implants has become a successful treatment; studies have reported survival rates of more than 90%. 1-3 This success can be attributed to several clinical aspects, such as bone quantity, surgical and prosthetic planning, occlusion, and oral hygiene procedures. 4 Efforts have been performed to improve the physical and mechanical aspects of the implant and its components, as well as design changes and surface treatments. 5,6 Patient factors, implant systems, and professional procedures are critical to achieving and maintaining osseointegration; nevertheless, it is possible for failures to occur. 7-9 It is possible to find the presence of chronic inflammation in 8.6% to 9.7% of the soft and hard tissues around the implants, after 10 years of placement. 10 Microorganisms associated with peri-implantitis are similar to periodontal microorganisms. Still, differences are found because the dental implants have different microenvironments. 11 Peri-implantitis is related to the presence of microorganisms Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium spp, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, as well as species not generally associated with periodontitis, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter rectus, and Candida spp. 12,13 Surface modifications are performed with abrasive particles such as oxides (Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and TiO 2); surface conditioning with HF and HNO 3 , among other acids; association and techniques, such as blasting followed by deposition; anodization; ion beam deposition; and the use of bioactive components, such as growth factors, proteins or calcium, and phosphorus ions. 14 Superficial modifications may produce different hydrophilicity
Clinical Oral Implants Research, 1998
A lack of information exists about the influence of different implant abutment materials on bacterial colonization and its role in the development of perimplantar infections. In order to study these aspects, removable acrylic devices, harboring samples of titanium and novel ceramic abutments (Nobel Biocare) were adapted to the molar-premolar region in 2 mandibular quadrants of 4 volunteers. Samples of each material were collected at 6 and 24 h, 7 and 14 days. Samples were observed by scanning electron microscopy and bacterial counts were made by means of ATP detection and direct plate count. The electron micrographs demonstrated that the bacteria colonization was already present after 6 h of presence in the oral cavity. After 24 h, both the materials were covered by several layers of bacterial cells. No differences in microbial colonization were observed between titanium and ceramic samples. The microbiological analysis confirmed the presence of relevant amounts of microbial cells on the tested samples. The maximum of colonization was achieved after 24 h in the oral cavity and the bacterial counts remained constant over the 14 day period. No significant differences were observed between the two materials analyzed in this study. In addition, ATP-bioluminescence technology was demonstrated to be a suitable system to evaluate bacterial colonization in the oral cavity.
Materials, 2014
The aim of this review was to investigate the relationship between biofilm and peri-implant disease, with an emphasis on the types of implant abutment surfaces. Individuals with periodontal disease typically have a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms in the periodontal pocket. If the individuals lose their teeth, these microorganisms remain viable inside the mouth and can directly influence peri-implant microbiota. Metal implants offer a suitable solution, but similarly, these remaining bacteria can adhere on abutment implant surfaces, induce peri-implantitis causing potential destruction of the alveolar bone near to the implant threads and cause the subsequent loss of the implant. Studies have demonstrated differences in biofilm formation on dental materials and these variations can be associated with both physical and chemical characteristics of the surfaces. In the case of partially edentulous patients affected by periodontal disease, the ideal type of implant abutments utilized should be one that adheres the least or negligible amounts of periodontopathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is of clinically relevance to know how the bacteria behave on different types of surfaces in order
Archives of Oral Biology, 2016
The aim of this study was to examine in vivo the initial bacterial adhesion on titanium implants with different surface treatments. Design: Ten subjects wore oral splints containing machined pure titanium disks (Ti-M), acid-etched titanium (Ti-AE) and anodized and laser irradiated disks (Ti-AL) for 24 h. After this period, disks were removed from the splints and adherent bacteria were quantified by an enzymatic assay to assess total viable bacteria and by Real Time PCR to evaluate total bacteria and Streptococcus oralis levels. Additionally, the initial adherent microorganisms were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Titanium surface morphology was verified using SEM, and roughness was evaluated by profilometer analysis. Results: Regarding titanium surface roughness, Ti-AL (1.423 AE 0.397) showed significantly higher Ra values than did Ti-M (0.771 AE 0.182) and Ti-AE (0.735 AE 0.196) (p < 0.05, ANOVA-Tahame). Ti-AE and Ti-AL presented roughened micro-structure surfaces characterized by open pores, whereas Ti-M showed long grooves alternating with planed areas. Comparing the Ti-M, Ti-AE and Ti-AL groups for viable bacteria (MTT assay), total bacteria and S. oralis quantification (qPCR), no significant differences were observed among these three groups (p > 0.05, ANOVA-Tahame). SEM images showed similar bacterial adhesion on the three titanium surfaces, predominantly characterized by cocci and several bacilli, indicating an initial colonization of the oral biofilm. Conclusion: In conclusion, roughness and microtopography did not stimulate initial biofilm formation on titanium surfaces with different surface treatments.