Wireless Networks with RF Energy Harvesting: A Contemporary Survey (original) (raw)

RF Energy Harvesting Wireless Networks: Challenges And Opportunities

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI), 2021

Energy harvesting wireless networks is one of the most researched topics in this decade, both in industry and academia, as it can offer self-sustaining sensor networks. With RF energy harvesting (RF-EH) embedded, the sensors can operate for extended periods by harvesting energy from the environment or by receiving it as an Energy signal from a hybrid base station (HBS). Thus, providing sustainable solutions for managing massive numbers of sensor nodes. However, the biggest hurdle of RF energy is the low energy density due to spreading loss. This paper investigates the RF-EH node hardware and design essentials, performance matrices of RF-EH. Power management in energy harvesting nodes is discussed. Furthermore, an information criticality algorithm is proposed for critical and hazardous use cases. Finally, some of the RF-EH applications and the opportunities of 5G technologies for the RF-EH are introduced.

RF Energy Harvesting for Wireless Devices

Radio Frequency (RF) energy transfer and harvesting techniques have recently become alternative methods to empower the next generation wireless networks. As this emerging technology enables proactive energy replenishment of wireless devices, it is advantageous in supporting applications with quality of service requirements. In this paper, some wireless power transfer methods, RF energy harvesting networks, various receiver architectures and existing applications are presented. Finally, some open research directions are envisioned.

A Survey on Conceptualization of RF Energy Harvesting

Journal of Applied Science and Computations, 2019

Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) and Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) techniques have recently attracting huge attention and hold a promising future to generate power to the next-generation wireless networks. As these emerging technologies enable proactive energy replenishment of wireless devices and offers various environmentally friendly alternative energy sources. The Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) is an advanced way to deliver electrical energy for mobile devices. Extensive research conducted in SWIPT systems. On the other hand, most former works mainly focus on energy harvesting over a relatively narrow frequency range. RF energy has remarkable key features that make it very attractive for low-power consumer electronics and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Ambient RF energy is present in various frequency bands such as DTV (550-600MHz), LTE (750-800MHz), GSM900 (850-910MHz), GSM1800 (1850-1900MHz), UMTS (2150-2200MHz), Wi-Fi(2.4-2.45GHz), Band for radio & television applications (900MHz-2GHz), ISM (2.1-2.6GHz), UWB (3.1-10.6GHz), WLAN (3.1-4.4GHz), HIPERLAN (5.1-5.3GHz), C-BAND (4.4-5GHz) etc. The RFEH network has a sustainable power supply from a radio environment. High-efficiency rectennas for RFEH have been studied for decades, but most of the literature addresses the rectennas aiming at dedicated RF sources, antenna designs for collecting large ambient RF power, the improvement of Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) has emerged in a scattered way. Because the theoretical limit of PCE has not yet been described and the optimal rectenna structure approaching such maximum PCE is still un-investigated. Here we discuss general idea of the RF Energy Harvesting Networks (RFEHNs) including system architecture and existing applications. We also explore various key design issues in the development of RFEHNs. This summary serves as a guide for the design of RF energy harvesting units; it gives the potential to user in a new generation of the self-powered devices.

A Comprehensive Review On Energy Harvesting Techniques For Cognitive Radio Network

Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2020

Abstract—Latest focus on green communications has created great interest in research into connectivity and networking for energy harvesting. Energy harvesting from natural sources may theoretically minimize dependency on grid or battery energy supply, adding several enticing environmental benefits and usage. However, unlike traditional reliable electricity, the erratic and random aspect of renewable energy renders transmission networks impossible to introduce. During the past few years, comprehensive investigation has been conducted over to resolve the Implicit complexity in several factors: energy sources and models, protocols for energy conservation and usage, monitoring and utilization of energy,Usage of energy storage in mutual networks, smart radio networks, wireless and multi-user networks, etc. However, as their number is increasing, adequate and regular reviews of advances must now be rendered in the sector. In addition, a growing array of proven energy harvesters are expan...

Smart RF energy harvesting communications: challenges and opportunities

IEEE Communications Magazine, 2015

RF energy harvesting (RFH) is emerging as a potential method for the proactive energy replenishment of next generation wireless networks. Unlike other harvesting techniques that depend on the environment, RFH can be predictable or on demand, and as such it is better suited for supporting quality-of-service-based applications. However, RFH efficiency is scarce due to low RF-to-DC conversion efficiency and receiver sensitivity. In this article, we identify the novel communication techniques that enable and enhance the usefulness of RFH. Backed by some experimental observations on RFH and the current state of the art, we discuss the challenges in the actual feasibility of RFH communications, new research directions, and the obstacles to their practical implementation.

Energy Harvesting in wireless communication: A survey

E3S Web of Conferences, 2022

Wireless Sensor Network is an emerging technology that has the potential to be used in futuristic applications. Sensor nodes are energy-constrained. They rely on batteries with limited capacity which impact their lifetime or mobility. To address this problem, energy harvesting technology is a solution that aims to avoid the premature energy depletion of nodes. It recharges their batteries using an energy harvesting system from the environment. In this review work, we present the concept of energy harvesting technology (EH) and Energy-Harvesting for Wireless Sensor Network (EH-WSN). We then discuss many schemes in the literature to save energy consumption of the energy harvesting sensor networks. We study their protocol design strategies and working principals. We also summarize their merits, demerits along with some future research directions.

Survey on energy harvesting cognitive radio networks

2015

Energy harvesting network (EHN) is a trending topic among the recent researches. This substantial attention is due to the limitations, operational cost and risks of the conventional power suppliers, such as fossil fuel and batteries. Moreover, EHN are expected to enhance energy efficiency by harvesting energy of RF and renewable sources. In contemporary research works, EHN is applied to CR technology. This energy harvesting cognitive radio network (EHCRN) is expected to utilize both energy and electromagnetic spectrum efficiently. However, EH-CRN is facing enormous challenges related to technical design. Some of these challenges are reviewed in recent surveys. However, other challenges such as optimizing the network throughput and EH-CRN implementation models were not the focus of these researches. Therefore, the aim of this survey is to review EH-CRN research works by focusing the survey perspective on maximizing the network throughput and the implementation models.

RF Energy Harvesting for Embedded Systems: A Survey of Tradeoffs and Methodology

2016

This paper presents an overview of passive radio frequency (RF) energy reception and power harvesting circuits for isolated communications and computing systems lacking access to primary power sources. a unified understanding of the energy harvesting alternatives is provided, followed by an elaborate study of RF energy harvesting within the context of embedded systems. a detailed discussion of RF technologies ranging from the directed communications signal reception to dispersed ambient power harvesting is provided. A comparative focus on design tradeoffs and process alterations is provided to represent the diversity in the applications requiring wireless RF harvesting units. Also included is an analysis of system combinations, and how wake up units, active storage, and duty cycling play roles in the consumption and harvesting of RF energy.

SURVEY ON ENERGY HARVESTING COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORK

Energy harvesting network (EHN) is a trending topic among the recent researches. This substantial attention is due to the limitations, operational cost and risks of the conventional power suppliers, such as fossil fuel and batteries. Moreover, EHN are expected to enhance energy efficiency by harvesting energy of RF and renewable sources. In contemporary research works, EHN is applied to CR technology. This energy harvesting cognitive radio network (EH-CRN) is expected to utilize both energy and electromagnetic spectrum efficiently. However, EH-CRN is facing enormous challenges related to technical design. Some of these challenges are reviewed in recent surveys. However, other challenges such as optimizing the network throughput and EH-CRN implementation models were not the focus of these researches. Therefore, the aim of this survey is to review EH-CRN research works by focusing the survey perspective on maximizing the network throughput and the implementation models.

A new approach to design of RF energy harvesting system to enslave wireless sensor networks

ICT Express, 2018

In trying to reach the goal of controlling the environment, recent years have seen the rapid emergence of Wireless Sensors Networks (WSN). Nevertheless, the lifetime of sensor nodes shows a strong dependence on battery capacity. Recently energy harvesting techniques have been considered to allow the use of WSN in the "deploy and forget" mode. This paper proposes an assessment of the performance of a WSN enslaved to an optimized Radiofrequency Energy Harvesting System (REHS). The energy budget of a sensor node in a Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is quantified and used to evaluate the performance of the WSN.