Actors and modes of governance of cities in Africa (original) (raw)
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ABSTARCT: The growth of urban centres has become one of the most remarkable trends of the 20th century Africa. Mans' inclination to agglomerate in large number in a few urban centres is quite impressive. No wonder about 10 of the fastest growing cities in the world are found in Africa with an annual average growth rate of 3.5 percent and presently the fastest in the world. (UN World Urbanisation Prospect, 2014). The urbanisation process is accelerate by the dynamisms of the socio-political and economic conditions of the contemporary times, coupled with the increasing migration that takes place in Africa. As the ever increasing urban population lead to proliferation of cities, certain environmental, legal, institutional and other problems arise resulting in ineffective urban governance. This paper therefore examined the problem issues that have negative impacts on urban governance in Africa. Eeffective urban governance is to be understood from the perspective of Associative Netwo...
Africa is experiencing rapid urbanization in extreme poverty. The overwhelming problems of its large and growing cities are a particular challenge for urban governance. In this situation the West no longer offers the only role model for development to African countries as some East Asian states have risen from third world to first within the last generation. Today, urban governance in African megacities is in a dilemma of having to decide between a participatory model of input-legitimacy promulgated by Western donors and a paternalistic, authoritarian model of output-legitimacy followed by Eastern agencies. These two models exert conflicting pressures, e.g. in Addis Ababa. This paper studies three selected urban governance programs: The revision of the Masterplan, the City Charter, the Grand Housing Program. It examines how urban governance in Addis Ababa balances this dilemma for better or worsea situation that is characteristic for African metropolis in this international era.
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Andrea Rigon, The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, University College London and Sierra Leone Urban Research Centre Joseph Macarthy, Institute of Geography and Development Studies, Njala University, and Sierra Leone Urban Research Centre Braima Koroma, Institute of Geography and Development Studies, Njala University, and Sierra Leone Urban Research Centre Alexandre Apsan Frediani, The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, University College London and Sierra Leone Urban Research Centre
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This paper explores urban planning practice and urban governance in Akure, Nigeria with the aim of determining the relationship between them. The paper discusses how planning can be used to promote and enhance good urban governance in developing countries. The data set for the study draws substantially from systematic survey of urban planning activities and local administration in the area. The paper found lack of linkage between urban planning and governance in the city. While the state Department of physical planning undertakes planning activities, the local government on the other hand is responsible for managing affairs of the city. The study also found that the city growing without adequate conscious planning inputs and no reference to planning by the managers of the city' affairs as represented by the local government council. The study emphasized the need to institute participatory planning and good governance in developing societies.
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The rapid increase in the urban population in Africa has created many urban challenges, including informalities, waste management problems, increased health risks, and growing urban poverty. With the unplanned spatial patterns and informalities that exist with the current urban population, this raises the question of whether African cities are ready to host more than 1.3 billion people by 2050 and still achieve urban sustainability. Using Ghana as a case study, this research undertook a critical review of urban population trends and their relation with economic growth. It identified the actors of urban governance in Ghana, as well as their roles, contributions and level of participation in urban governance processes. Findings indicate that most urban management decisions in Ghana are made by the government and exclude the non-governmental actors and citizens who bear the outcome of such decisions. This has resulted in deficiencies in actualising local needs, thus hindering the provision of urban services. The study proposes an inclusive and participatory form of urban governance with active participation of non-governmental actors and a paradigm shift from the existing urban management approaches to a more sustainable one that delivers socioeconomic benefits for more inclusive and sustainable cities in Africa in the future.
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The growth of urban centres has become one among the foremost remarkable trends of the 20th century Africa. Mans' inclination to agglomerate in sizeable amount during a few urban centres is sort of impressive. Due to the increase, 10 of the fastest growing cities within the world are found in Africa with an annual average rate of growth of 3.5 percent and presently the fastest within the world. The urbanisation process is accelerating by the dynamisms of the socio-political and economic conditions of the contemporary times, including the increasing migration that takes place in Africa. Because of the ever increasing urban population cause proliferation of cities, certain environmental, legal, institutional and other problems arise leading to ineffective urban planing. This paper therefore examined the matter issues that have negative impacts on urban planing and governance in Africa. Effective urban governance is to be understood from the attitude of Associative Network model. Data are going to be drawn from secondary sources. Findings show that the effective urban planing hinges on efficient government through synergy and collaboration of all stake holders, multi level government, public/private partnership, greater space for public participation etc.