The Influencing Factors of Self-evaluation in Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling (original) (raw)

Adolescents’ perceptions of parental behaviors as predictors of adolescent self-esteem in mainland China

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between adolescent functioning (i.e., self-esteem and academic achievement) and parental support, behavioral control, and psychological control in European American and African American adolescents. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that supportive behaviors of African American mothers toward their adolescent children positively predicted both self-esteem and academic achievement. Psychological control was significantly related to adolescent self-esteem in both the models of paternal parenting (African American and European American) and maternal parenting (African American). In addition, among European American adolescents, behavioral control was a significant predictor of academic achievement and self-esteem. This study provides support for the methodological value of examining the parenting dimensions independently as opposed to combining them to form parenting styles. Bush, K.R., Peterson, G.W., Cobas, J., & Supple, A. (2002). Adolescents’ perceptions of parental behaviors as predictors of adolescent self-esteem in mainland China. Sociological Inquiry, 72(4), 503-526.

Parent-Youth Relationships and the Self-Esteem of Chinese Adolescents: Collectivism versus Individualism

Marriage & Family Review, 2005

This study sought to determine how several child-rearing behaviors within the Chinese parentadolescent relationship were predictive of youthful self-esteem through either collectivistic or individualistic socialization approaches. Theoretically based relationships were tested with structural equation modeling to examine whether dimensions of parental behavior (i.e., support, reasoning, monitoring, and punitiveness) influenced the self-esteem of Chinese adolescents through the mediating influences of either conformity (i.e., collectivism) or autonomy (i.e., individualism) in reference to parents. The sample for this study consisted of 497 adolescents from Beijing, China, ranging in age from 12-19 years of age. Data were acquired with selfreport questionnaires administered in school classrooms. Results provided support for parental behaviors as predictors of self-esteem development through individualistic patterns of socialization. Although collectivistic parent-adolescent patterns did not predict the self-esteem of Chinese adolescents, several results supported a collectivistic conception of socialization through significant relationships involving parental behaviors as predictors of adolescent conformity to parents. Some results of this study highlight the significance of parental support and dimensions of moderate parental control (e.g., reasoning and monitoring) within the Chinese parent-adolescent relationship, while identifying only a minimal role for punitive behavior.

Separatedness and Connectedness in the Parent- Adolescent Relationship as Predictors of Adolescent Self- Esteem in US and Chinese Samples

This study examined the impact of relationship connectedness (i.e., conformity to parents) and relationship separatedness (i.e., parental autonomy granting) on the self-esteem of mainland Chinese and European-American adolescents. The findings indicate that adolescent autonomy from parents is a consistent positive predictor of adolescent self-esteem among both Chinese and US samples regardless of gender. However, conformity to parents revealed a more complex series of relationships that varied across gender and cultural group. Adolescent conformity to parents predicted self-esteem most consistently among European-American sons, while only daughters' conformity to mothers predicted self-esteem among the Chinese sample. Contrary to hypotheses, the relationship between autonomy from parents and adolescent self-esteem was not stronger and more consistent within the European-American sample (i.e., the individualistic society) than in the sample from mainland China (i.e., the collectivistic society). Similarly, the relationships between adolescent conformity to parents was not a stronger and more consistent predictor of self-esteem among the Chinese sample in comparison to the US sample. The findings for this study point to the particular importance of aspects of both individualism and collectivism that appear to operate within the socialization processes of the same culture regardless of the dominant macro level social orientation. Another important finding was the patterns of gender differences for the specific influences of either relationship separatedness (autonomy) and connectedness (conformity) on adolescent self-esteem.

Attachment and self-evaluation in Chinese adolescents: Age and gender differences

Journal of Adolescence, 2009

This study investigated age and gender differences in the quality of attachment to mothers, fathers, and peers, and the association of attachment with measures of self-evaluation in 584 Chinese adolescents in junior high, high school, and university. Their responses to the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment indexed attachment quality, and self-evaluation was measured by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Self-Liking and Self-Competence Scale. Consistent with findings with Western samples, our analyses revealed (a) lower parentechild relationship quality in middle (compared to early) adolescence, (b) a significant association of parental and peer attachment with self-evaluation, and (c) gender differences in attachment to peers, with females reporting stronger attachment than males. Chinese females reported stronger maternal attachment than did males, and for females the quality of maternal attachment was more strongly related to self-evaluation than any other attachment relationship. During high school, peer attachment quality e rather than parental e was preeminently associated with self-evaluation. The findings of this study indicate that in a context of considerable consistency of findings with Western studies, parente child attachment in Chinese adolescents is also influenced by culture-specific practices that influence parenteyouth relationships and their meaning to the child. Ó

International Journal of Behavioral Development Life satisfaction, self-concept, and family relations in Chinese adolescents and children

Subjective well-being across the life span may be affected by both age-specific and age-general factors within a cultural context. Thus, this study explored both developmentally invariant and variable predictors of life satisfaction among 115 second-graders and 74 eighth-graders from Hong Kong. In a regression model, general self-concept and ratings of parental warmth and autonomy/detachment predicted life satisfaction equally across the two age groups. However, social self-concept was a strong predictor of life satisfaction among adolescents only, whereas actual academic test scores predicted life satisfaction only among the children. Mean group differences emerged as well, with adolescents scoring significantly lower in life satisfaction and self-concept and higher in emotional detachment than children. Results are explained in relation to both development and culture.

Parenting Behaviors, Adolescent Depressive Symptoms, and Problem Behavior: The Role of Self-Esteem and School Adjustment Difficulties Among Chinese Adolescents

Journal of Family Issues

Cross-sectional data from 589 Chinese adolescents were used to investigate whether parenting behaviors are directly or indirectly (through self-esteem and school adjustment difficulties) associated with adolescent depressive symptoms and problem behavior. Structural equation modeling results showed that school adjustment difficulties fully mediated the relations between two parenting behaviors (parental punitiveness and paternal monitoring) and adolescent problem behavior and partially mediated the relation between maternal monitoring and adolescent problem behavior. Adolescent self-esteem partially mediated the relations between maternal punitiveness and adolescent depressive symptoms and fully mediated the relations between parental support and adolescent depressive symptoms. Parental love withdrawal was not significantly related to any adolescent adjustment when other parenting practices were controlled. The findings highlight the interactions between family and school contexts i...

Chinese adolescents' self-concept as measured by the offer self-image questionnaire

Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 1984

This article reports results of a study of self-image among 426 adolescents from the Republic of China (Taiwan). Self-image was studied through use of a Chinese translation of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire. Subjects were from public schools and a factory setting in the Republic of China. Implications for understanding Chinese youth as well as problems in doing cross-cultural research are discussed.

Parent Child Relationship and Self Esteem among School Going Adolescents

2017

Introduction: Adolescence can be described as the transition between childhood and adulthood. The parent child relationship consists of a combination of the behaviour, feelings and expectations in a parent child relationship is unique and its very parent and child specific. The relationship involves the full extent of a child's development. Selfesteem is a student’s overall evaluation of him or herself, including feelings of general happiness and satisfaction. The integral part of students self esteem is the support from peers and parents. These are very much important for an individual personality which influences significant concomitant changes in behavioral, personality and academic functioning of the school going adolescents. Study aimed to find out the nature of parent-child relationship and self esteem among school going girls and boys. Methods and Materials: The sample for the present study was based on purposive sampling technique. The study was carried out at two school...

Self Esteem in Relation to Parental Behaviour among Adolescent Girls: An Exploratory Study

MIER Journal of Educational Studies Trends & Practices, 2021

Self-esteem is an important predictor of an individual's worth about oneself. Low selfesteem means individuals have poor self-confidence and self-concept whereas high selfesteem is related to high confidence, good social adjustment, high academic achievement and so on and so forth. The present study was conducted on a sample of 100 students of standard XI. The tool administered was self-esteem inventory designed by Prasad and Thakur and Children's Report of Parental Behaviour Inventory (CRPBI) by Saxena and Saxena. The results indicated that majority of girls have negative self-esteem. But the self-esteem is not associated with either of the parent's behaviour.