PLASTICS AND THEIR ADDITIVES REACHED THE BLOOD AND TISSUE SPACES: WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES (original) (raw)
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Impact of Microplastic Pollution on Human Health
Environmental Science Archives, 2023
Besides visible plastic pollution, there is also a microplastic threat. Microplastics are ultrasmall plastic items, smaller than 5 mm in size. The presence of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems is increasing at an exponential rate posing a direct or indirect threat to all biodiversity on the planet This paper highlights the Indian scenario of microplastic pollution in comparison with developed regions of the globe while primarily focusing on impacts on human health. Microplastic particles are not metabolised by living organisms and thus they keep bioaccumulating. These tiny plastics also sorb a wide plethora of chemical substances that may have severe effects on life forms. Pathogenic bacteria may also adhere to microplastics affecting health. Exposure to microplastics has become impossible to avoid as these tiny plastics can enter through food, cosmetics and even via air. Besides bioaccumulating microplastics have been proven to interfere with cellular processes and normal physiological functioning of the human body. Very few papers have been published to date highlighting this issue, more research needs to be done on sources, distribution patterns and effects of microplastics on the ecosystem and humans.
2020
The distribution and abundance of microplastics into the world are so extensive that many scientists use them as key indicators of the recent and contemporary period defining a new historical epoch: The Plasticene. However, the implications of microplastics are not yet thoroughly understood. There is considerable complexity involved to understand their impact due to different physical-chemical properties that make microplastics multifaceted stressors. If, on the one hand, microplastics carry toxic chemicals in the ecosystems, thus serving as vectors of transport, they are themselves, on the other hand, a cocktail of hazardous chemicals that are added voluntarily during their production as additives to increase polymer properties and prolong their life. To date, there is a considerable lack of knowledge on the major additives of concern that are used in the plastic industry, on their fate once microplastics dispose into the environment, and on their consequent effects on human health when associated with micro and nanoplastics. The present study emphasizes the most toxic and dangerous chemical substances that are contained in all plastic products to describe the effects and implications of these hazardous chemicals on human health, providing a detailed overview of studies that have investigated their abundance on microplastics. In the present work, we conducted a capillary review of the literature on micro and nanoplastic exposure pathways and their potential risk to human health to summarize current knowledge with the intention of better focus future research in this area and fill knowledge gaps.
Micro-plastics: An invisible danger to human health
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Microplastics are small plastic pieces ranging between the size of 1-5 micrometre (µm). Because of their small size and their continuity, it has the potential to spread throughout all parts of our environment. These are ubiquitous environmental contaminants leading to inevitable human exposure. It can enter our bodies through ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact. It has already been found in various human foods, beers, drinking water, honey, seafood, sugar, table salt etc. It is demonstrated that marine organisms including zooplanktons, bivalves, crustaceans, worms, fish, reptiles etc. ingest microplastic. Around 2% to 40% of fishes were found to be contaminated with microplastic. It can reach our stomach and due to its size , these are either excreted, get entrapped in intestinal lining and stomach or move freely in body fluids like blood, thereby reaching various organs and tissues of body. To tackle this serious issue of microplastic pollution in environment and in human heal...
Study of Microplastics in Human Blood
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2023
Microplastic pollution has been found for first-time time in human blood, with the scientists finding tiny particles in almost 70 percent of the human body. The impact of these microplastics is still unknown. But with the help of the many research studies, it shows that it causes harm to human cells in the laboratory, and in air pollution, particles are known to enter the body and cause deaths. Plastic particles are found everywhere, and they are all around the world. Plastic is the most prevalent type of marine debris found in the ocean. Plastics are very small in size; approximately, there are less than five millimeters, and they can come in any shape and size. The microbeads are a type of microplastic. They are very small in shape and size and are manufactured from polyethylene plastic. They are mixed with other substances as exfoliants for the body. This is added to beauty products (cosmetics), toothpaste, and cleansers. This microplastic consists of carbon and hydrogen atoms bound together in the polymer chain. Microplastics are very hazardous to our health as this plastic causes certain diseases such as oxidative stress, immune system disorders, infertility, breast cancer, and many more. This paper aim to inspire future studies of Microplastics and nano plastics .
The Plastic Within: Microplastics Invading Human Organs and Bodily Fluids Systems
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Microplastics (MPs), small plastic particles resulting from the degradation of larger plastic items and from primary sources such as textiles, engineered plastic pellets, etc., have become a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. As their prevalence in the natural environment grows, concerns about their potential impacts on human health have escalated. This review discusses current research findings on the presence of MPs in organs such as the liver, blood, heart, placenta, breast milk, sputum, semen, testis, and urine, while also exploring plausible mechanisms of translocation. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the importance of understanding the potential toxicological effects of MPs on various physiological processes within these organs and their broader implications for human health. This review also examines the pathways through which MPs can enter and accumulate in human organs and bodily fluids, shedding light on the intricate routes of exposure and potential health implication...
Microplastics, an emerging public health problem
Revista Información Científica , 2023
Introduction: commercial plastic products has transformed the modern era in such a way that current life without plastic would not be possible, so at the same time with this development, plastics contamination is present, becoming one of the most urgent environmental problems nowadays. Objective: to gather available information published on the last five years concerning the microplastics as a source of environmental contamination in Ecuador and in order to reinforce the local interest on plastic pollution. Development: an unstructured review of the literature was performed. Databases used, PubMed and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria used were as follow: articles in English and Spanish published on the last 5 years, no other language; study selections have been done by convenience. It was chronologically organized and analyzed the evidence published in PubMed and Google Scholar on the last five years concerning the microplastics behavior in Ecuador. Final considerations: the information collected chronologically shows the advancing pollution caused by microplastics both globally and in Ecuador, in addition, the presence of microplastics in oceans, fresh water, terrestrial ecosystems, air, foods and even in the human body is evident. Therefore, contamination caused by microplastics is a topic of a great importance today, which requires a speedy control action.