Chitin and chitosan as adsorbents (original) (raw)

Natural Polymers-Based Green Adsorbents for Water Treatment, 2021

Abstract

Abstract Wastewater generates a severe environmental problem and represent a threat to water quality when discharged into rivers or lakes leading to the destruction of the affected aquatic ecosystem. Recently, the utilization of natural additives that are biocompatible, biodegradable, renewable with low toxicity is used to retain different pollutants from wastewaters. Many researches highlight the biosorbent ability for the removal of pollutants from wastewaters like heavy metal ions, pesticides, and impurities or textile wastewater dyes. Chitin and chitosan are very interesting polysaccharides because of the presence of multiple reactive functional groups (─OH, ─NH─CO─, and ─NH2) on their chains. They can also be called environmental decontamination functional materials as they can effectively control the development and reproduction of lethal bacteria and also control toxic pollutants. Thus such contaminants must be effectively removed to satisfy tough environmental quality standards. They have different applications because of their advantages including availability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability in food, agriculture and material science. Recently, chitin and chitosan were chosen as adsorbents of heavy metal in wastewater treatment. The most objective of this chapter is to throw light on those adsorbents based on chitin and chitosan that are used in the purification of contaminated water.

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