Colorant Materials , Additives in Plastic Technology (original) (raw)

2017

Abstract

Pigments and dyes are coloring substances, i.e., substances imparting a specific color to the substrate being colored (Carolin et al. 2015). Pigments and dyes are distinctly different types of colorants. A pigment is a finely divided solid which is essentially insoluble in its polymeric application medium. Pigments are incorporated by a dispersion process into the polymer, while it is in a liquid phase, and after the polymer solidifies, the dispersed pigment particles are retained physically within the solid polymer matrix. In contrast, a dye dissolves in the polymeric application medium and is usually retained as a result of an affinity between individual dye molecules and polymer molecules. Pigments are generally preferred to dyes for the coloration of plastics mainly because of their superior fastness properties, especially migration resistance (Maile et al. 2005). Pigments may be introduced into plastics by a variety of methods. Direct dry coloring, in which the pigment is incor...

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