Effects of operational parameters on bio-oil production from biomass (original) (raw)
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Influence of reaction conditions on bio-oil production from pyrolysis of construction waste wood
Renewable Energy, 2014
The pyrolysis characteristics of construction waste wood were investigated for conversion into renewable liquid fuels. The activation energy of pyrolysis derived from thermogravimetric analysis increased gradually with temperature, from 149.41 kJ/mol to 590.22 kJ/mol, as the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose was completed and only lignin remained to be decomposed slowly. The yield and properties of pyrolysis oil were studied using two types of reactors, a batch reactor and a fluidized-bed reactor, for a temperature range of 400e550 C. While both reactors revealed the maximum oil yield at 500 C, the fluidized-bed reactor consistently gave larger and less temperature-dependent oil yields than the batch reactor. This type of reactor also reduced the moisture content of the oil and improved the oil quality by minimizing the secondary condensation and dehydration. The oil from the fluidized-bed reactor resulted in a larger phenolic content than from the batch reactor, indicating more effective decomposition of lignin. The catalytic pyrolysis over HZSM-5 in the batch reactor increased the proportion of light phenolics and aromatics, which was helpful in upgrading the oil quality.
Bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis of waste furniture sawdust in a fluidized bed
Bioresource Technology, 2010
The amount of waste furniture generated in Korea was over 2.4 million tons in the past 3 years, which can be used for renewable energy or fuel feedstock production. Fast pyrolysis is available for thermo-chemical conversion of the waste wood mostly into bio-oil. In this work, fast pyrolysis of waste furniture sawdust was investigated under various reaction conditions (pyrolysis temperature, particle size, feed rate and flow rate of fluidizing medium) in a fluidized-bed reactor. The optimal pyrolysis temperature for increased yields of bio-oil was 450°C. Excessively smaller or larger feed size negatively affected the production of bio-oil. Higher flow and feeding rates were more effective for the production of bio-oil, but did not greatly affect the bio-oil yields within the tested ranges. The use of product gas as the fluidizing medium had a potential for increased bio-oil yields.
Preparation and Characterisation of Bio-Oil Produced from Sawdust of Selected Wood Species
American Journal of Modern Energy, 2020
Renewable energy is of growing importance in satisfying environmental concerns over fossil fuel usage. The study was carried out to determine bio-fuel characteristics of pyrolytic oil produce from sawdust of selected wood species (Gmelina arborea, and Nesogordonia papaverifera). Sawdust samples of 200 gramms each were collected from Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria sawmill and oven-dried at 103±2°C for 24 hours to 12% moisture content. While four replicates of bio-oil were produced at each temperature regime for each of the samples, two different temperature regimes were used (500°C and 600°C). The metallic container (pyrolytic chamber) was filled with 200 grammes of the samples of each species and placed inside the Reactor which was connected to a condenser. Using standard test, physical properties, chemical and thermal characterization of bio oil and proximate analysis of the Bio-Char were assessed. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to ascertain significance difference in the oil yield produced at different temperature. The result shows that there was general increase in the volume of oil yield as the temperature increases. The volume of the oil ranged between 35.97±1.82 to 49.33±3.21 and 52.93±0.51 to 63.63±5.83, the highest and least mean of the pH of pyrolytic oil yield ranged from 3.52±0.02 to 3.54±0.02 and 3.64±0.36 to 3.73±0.01 for G. arborea and N. papaverifera respectively. There was significant difference in the means of the volume of bio-oil obtained as pyrolysis temperture increases. It further shows that the sawmill wood residues differs significantly at P<0.05 within the two temperature regime. The study established that pyrolysis is an efficient way to produce liquid fuels from biomass. The physical properties of the bio-oil obtained from sawmill wood residues falls within the acceptable range for fuel production. The selected wood species are therefore suitable for production of bio-oil with acceptable physical and chemical properties. Based on the result of the study, it is therefore among others recommended that residence time be taken for each temperature range to convert the feedstock to oil, and quantity of oil yield per specie.
Bio-Oil Production Using Waste Biomass via Pyrolysis Process: Mini Review
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan
Pyrolysis process using abundantly available biomass waste fabric is a promising, renewable, and sustainable energy supply for bio-oil production. In this study, the pyrolysis of waste biomass determines the highest yield of diverse parameters of material type, temperature, reactor, method, and analysis used. From the differences in the parameters stated above, there is an opportunity to select the proper parameters to get the desired nice and quantity of bio-oil and the very best bio-oil yield. The maximum yield of each bio-oil product for pyrolysis primarily based on the above parameters was 68.9%; 56.9%; 44.4%; 44.16%; 41.05%; 39.99%. The bio-oil made out of pyrolysis was changed into analyzed using GC-MS, ft-IR, NMR, TGA, SEM, Thermogravimetric analysis, HHV, FESEM evaluation methods and the substances used had been plastic, seaweeds, oat straw, rice straw , water hyacinth, timber sawdust, sawdust, microalgae.
Bio-Oil from Pyrolysis of Pine Fruit as Renewable Alternative Energy Using Ni/Mo/Zeolite as Catalyst
International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research, 2020
Reserves for fossil fuels as energy sources are increasingly depleting, while the need for these fuels is increasingly higher along with the population growth. Regarding that solution needs to be sought one of them by utilizing the alternative energy. At the other hand the use of fossil fuels have a negative impact on the environment. This will require renewable substitute fuels, one of which is the utilization of bio-oil from the pyrolysis process of biomass such as pine fruit. This pyrolysis process produces bio-oil, biochar, and gas which can all be utilized, both bio-oil and biochar can be used as the alternative fuels. Bio-oil was formed through pyrolysis process with the pine fruit that mixed Ni/Mo/Zeolite catalyst. Pyrolysis was carried out in the fized bed reactor at the temperature of 550, 600, and 650oC respectively with the time of pyrolysis of 1, 2, 3, and 4 hour respectively. The mass rasio of mass of catalyst to mass of pine fruit was 3 g/100 g, and inert condition in the reactor is served by flowing nitrogen as 80 mL/minute. In this case study, it was found that the highest yield of 19.96% was achieved at 600oC for 4 hours. t temperatures above 600oC it is found that the bio-oil yield decreased. The density of bio-oil was ranging from 0.83 to 0.94 gr/mL and the viscosity was ranging from 1.42 to 1.48 cSt. The heating value of bio-oil was ranging from 7,600 to 8,300 cal/gr. The bio-oil obtained has a standard that meets the quality as an alternative fuel. The other product was biochar which the heating value 6,400 to 6,760 cal/gr and can also use as solid fuel.
Fuel Properties and Chemical Compositions of Bio-oils from Biomass Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis of biomass is a promising alternative route for producing energy and chemical feedstock. This research proposes to investigate effect of pyrolysis temperature on product yields and the determination of their physicochemical properties. Slow pyrolysis of biomass (cassava pulp residue, palm shell and palm kernel) was performed in a fixed bed reactor. Palm kernel pyrolysis provided the highest liquid yield (54.34 wt%) at 700°C. Fuel properties of bio-oils are viscosity at 40°C, 1.46-58.72 cSt (mm 2 /s); pH, 2.8-5.6 and heating value, 14.92-40.00 MJ/kg. The boiling range distribution of dewatered palm kernel oil was closest to that of diesel oil while its heating value approached that of fuel oil.
2018
The objective of this work was to upgrade the properties of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of longan wood by using a low cost catalyst bed material in the fluidized bed reactor. The experiments in this work were performed in two sets. This first one was studied the effects of pyrolysis temperature on the product yield and properties of bio-oil in a fluidized bed reactor to determine the optimal conditions for liquid yield. The experiment were carried out at the pyrolysis temperatures of 450, 500 and 550 oC and sand was used as bed material. The second part was studied the effects of low cost catalyst bed material on the product yields and properties of bio-oil. The experiments were performed at the optimized pyrolysis temperature from the first set of experiments and sand, iron powder and natural zeolite were used as bed materials. The experimental results showed that increasing pyrolysis temperature from 450 - 550 °C reduced bio-oil yield while increasing the gas yields. The optimum p...
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass over zeolites for high quality bio-oil – A review
A B S T R A C T Catalytic fast pyrolysis is a prominent technology for yielding high quality bio-oil and chemicals from lig-nocellulosic biomass while the application of catalyst has been a hotspot for being capable to deoxygenate bio-oil and enhance its fuel properties. The fundamental reaction pathways in catalytic fast pyrolysis and potential routes of bio-oil and chemicals production from three major individual components are discussed at the early section of the review. The effect and potentiality of solid acid catalyst mainly zeolites, biomass particle size and catalyst loading ratio on the yield and quality of bio-oil are then emphasized. In addition, the lumped kinetic model and distributed activation energy model (DAEM), used to predict the thermal behavior of biomass components and energy calculation in catalytic pyrolysis are described. The recent advances in the understanding of catalytic co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass with hydrogen rich co-feeder from different sources are also presented. The progress with technical difficulties in catalytic pyrolysis is pointed out having an intention to produce high quality bio-oil. Finally, some challenges and perspectives of improving bio-oil quality through catalytic fast pyrolysis that will be significant approach in the future research work are presented.
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis
Advancements in fluidized bed pyrolysis mechanisms and analytical methodologies are critical for progress in the biorefinery sector in general and the aviation fuel sector in particular. The statistical modelling of pyrolysis product yields and composition allowed us to observe advantages of operating temperature and feedstock selections over the torrefaction process and catalyst addition in a fluidized bed reactor. Results suggest that the chemical composition and physical properties of bio-oil from pyrolysis of olive stones at 600 • C and pinewood pellets at 500 • C are the most suitable for use as fuels. This work suggests that only combined use of selected gas chromatography mass spectroscopy, UV fluorescence, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and rheology can provide comprehensive information on pyrolysis bio-oil composition. Importantly from a technological point of view, bio-oil was characterized i) by a viscosity similar to that of fossil-based oil; ii) by a low oxygen and water content; and iii) by a balanced composition of aliphatic and aromatic species. These factors indicate that bio-oil from fluidized bed pyrolysis of biomasses is a promising material for use in the aviation industry and energy production.
Catalytic Pyrolysis by Heat Transfer of Tube Furnace for Produce Bio-Oil
Catalytic pyrolysis by heat transfer model can be solved the control temperature in tube furnace to produce bio-oil by continuous pyrolysis process and this study concern the products yield of bio-oil from mixed biomass consist of Cogongrass, Manilagrass and the leaf of trees, which conducted temperatures in the range of ~ 400-550°C, considering the feed rate of 150, 350, and 550 rpm (r?min?1)]. Preliminary result of proximate analysis was founded that the high volatile matter, low ash and moisture. The products yield calculation showed that the liquid yield of bio-oil was highest of 55.60 %, and 45.45%., at 350 rpm and 550 rpm., respectively, the solid yield of bio-oil was highest of 27.35 %, at 350 rpm, and the gas yield of bio-oil was highest of 43.60 %, at 150 rpm. Indicated that biomass from mixed biomass had good received yields because of low solid yield and gas yield and high liquid yield. The compounds detected in bio-oil from mixed biomass showed that the functional groups, especially; phenols. For the purpose that; In this research not only concern the feed rate and the heat transfer for contact biomass but also concern the control gas flow and temperature balanced.