Entrepreneurial Values of Indonesian Chinese and Javanese on Micro and Small Enterprises (original) (raw)
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An exploration of ethnic entrepreneurial values and characteristics in MSEs
Bisma (Bisnis dan Manajemen), 2021
Entrepreneurship is one aspect that can encourage economic growth in a country through the creation of goods and services, it can improve the welfare of society. However, the survival of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) is still lower. Even though the number of MSEs in Indonesia has increased, the failure elevates. Variables that can increase the success of MSEs include the values and characteristics of the entrepreneur. This paper explores the entrepreneurial values and characteristics of Chinese, Javanese, and Madurese ethics in MSEs. This study uses a case study approach by using in-depth interviews to explore detailed information. The data source is primary data with six informants from three different ethnicities (Chinese, Javanese, and Madurese). The results demonstrate that Indonesian Chinese entrepreneurs uphold values and dominant perseverance, hard work, guanxi, honesty, personal trust, and confucianism values. Meanwhile, Javanese entrepreneur implements family values, spirituality, innate, paternalism, creativity, deliberation, and harmony. Finally, Madurese entrepreneur emphasizes obedience/surrender to parents, fraternity, and natural behaviour.
DEVELOPING AN ENTREPRENEURSHIP MODEL BASED ON INDONESIAN CULTURAL VALUES: A RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Entrepreneurship is one of the main pillars of economic independence of the nation. By entrepreneurship, people are trained to be creative, performing a variety of innovations, and having a bold spirit and mental. Entrepreneurial activities will generate new jobs, increase public revenues, and the country's economic growth. Therefore, research on entrepreneurship is significant, especially in understanding entrepreneurs. Values form people belief to act or behave. Those values are a reflection of the culture of a country. Although research on entrepreneurship has been extensively carried out, not many studies focus on understanding the values of entrepreneurs, especially for small and medium entrepreneurs. Therefore, this study aims to identify entrepreneurs' values of instrumental and terminals as well as develop entrepreneurial model based on these values. Data will be collected using the survey method. Then, the data will be analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Expected outcomes of this research will be an entrepreneurial model of value for small and medium enterprises. Specifically, this research is a three-year research. The first year research aims to obtain entrepreneur values and key important factors of entrepreneurship. The second year aims to develop and validate entrepreneur values. Finally, the main objective of third year research is to develop an entrepreneurship model based on Indonesian cultural values.
IN SEARCH OF INDONESIAN ENTREPRENEURS’ VALUES: A PROPOSED STUDY
Entrepreneurship is one main significant factor that contribute in enhancing economic development for many countries. Specifically, entrepreneurs contribute substantially to job creation, new venture creation, product and service innovation, and many more. Thus, there is a great deal of research interest in entrepreneurship. While extensive research on entrepreneurship have been conducted to explore and examine various factors that influence intention and decision to become an entrepreneur, less attention has been given to understand entrepreneur personal values. On the other hand, the concept of value is one important variable to human life because values influence all aspects of human life. Moreover, values are known as the most defining elements of culture. Therefore, this current study will explore enterpreneurs’ values. Specifically, this research aims to explore and identify instrumental and terminal values of Indonesian entrepreneurs. Research method will be designed to address stages in identifying current instrumental and terminal values of Indonesian entrepreneurs. Data analysis will be consistent with procedures for developing scales.
Entrepreneurial Quality of Tionghoa Ethnicity and Malay Ethnicity: Are There Any Differences?
GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review
Objective - This study aims to analyse the differences of entrepreneurial quality between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. In this study, quality was measured by the need for achievement, locus of control, risk-taking behaviour, perseverance, independence, creativity, and knowledge. Methodology/Technique - The data in this research was collect using self-report questionnaires which were distributed to 60 Tionghoa respondents and 60 Malay respondents. The data then was then tested using a T-test. Findings - The T-test analysis shows that there are significant differences between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. Novelty - This study investigates the differences in entrepreneurial quality between Malay and Tionghoa entrepreneurs in the province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia, whereas previous studies have focused on other countries. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Entrepreneurial Quality; Malay Ethnicity; Thionghoa Ethnicity; Need for Achievement; Locus ...
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This paper aims to examine and to discuss how entrepreneurial culture is formed from perceived values, cultural dimension, kinship system and informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning of a society. As the context of the research, it uses the Minangkabau tribe, which enjoys supportive social supports and where the culture of entrepreneurship is naturally accepted by the most of the tribe members as a part of their way of life. This paper considers and argues that perceived value, cultural dimension, kinship system and ‘merantau’ – an informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning of the tribe have brought direct and/or indirect positive impact to the creation of an entrepreneurial culture within the tribe. As the basis, a qualitative approach and analysis in terms of descriptive-reflexive observatory method is used to analyse the topic, which is further narratively and descriptively presented. Results of paper have shown the possible model of how perceived value, cultural di...
International Journal of Social Science And Human Research
This study aims to analyze how the ethical identity of Javanese-Muslim and Chinese-Kunghucu ethnic entrepreneurs in Kanoman Market, Cirebon City, is to look deeply into ethnic entrepreneurial ethics in entrepreneurial practice, including in market contestation involving the two ethnicities. This study uses a qualitative method with an anthropological-economic approach to find and explain the entrepreneurial phenomenon involving elements of ethnicity. Primary data comes directly from ethnic entrepreneurs, and secondary data as supporting sources, such as books, journals, proceedings, etc. Exploration, observation, interviews, and in-depth processes carried out data collection. Then, it is equipped with data analysis to answer research questions. The research found that the entrepreneurial ethics of the Javanese-Muslim and Chinese-Kunghucu ethnicity stem from world views, adhered to cultural systems, and connectedness to God or ancestors. The ethnic worldview of God and connectedness ...
Objective-This study aims to analyse the differences of entrepreneurial quality between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. In this study, quality was measured by the need for achievement, locus of control, risk-taking behaviour, perseverance, independence, creativity, and knowledge. Methodology/Technique-The data in this research was collect using self-report questionnaires which were distributed to 60 Tionghoa respondents and 60 Malay respondents. The data then was then tested using a T-test. Findings-The T-test analysis shows that there are significant differences between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. Novelty-This study investigates the differences in entrepreneurial quality between Malay and Tionghoa entrepreneurs in the province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia, whereas previous studies have focused on other countries.
Ethnic entrepreneurship: Do values matter?
New England Journal of Entrepreneurship
While considerable attention has been devoted to the personality traits of entrepreneurs, less attention has been given to their values, especially outside of a Western context. Values are instrumental in the decision to pursue entrepreneurship, and have implications for the entrepreneurʼs approach to creating and managing the venture. The role of values would seem especially relevant in the context of ethnic subcultures. Values traditionally associated with entrepreneurship, such as risk, individualism, competitiveness, wealth generation, and growth, may be more consistent with Western cultures, and may conflict with closely held values within various ethnic subcultures the world over. This article examines the values of entrepreneurs in two ethnic subcultures within South Africa. Findings are reported from interviews with cross-sectional samples of black and colored entrepreneurs. The results indicate entrepreneurs tend to embrace common values regardless of their individual ethni...
The Psychology and Historical Perspective behind Entrepreneurial and Business Practices in Indonesia
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Indonesia is a country in southern Asia consisting of many islands and is the 4th largest populated country in the world. The country has one of the best economies in the world since it has been participating in international trade for many years. However, it has had drawbacks that have made it unable to reach the levels of the developed countries in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to study the facts behind the success and the failure of some business ventures. Additionally, the study of strategies by companies to have a competitive advantage in business is fundamental to understanding the situation in the country. The new research will seek to use the available analyses about the same topic to bring about a new understanding. Theories such as McClelland’s locus of control theory can apply in the study to understand the relationship between entrepreneurship and the psychology of people. The paper uses secondary sources review to get information about the topic to propose a sol...
Influencing Factors of Entrepreneurial Development in Indonesia
Procedia Economics and Finance, 2012
SMEs have a significant influence for economic growth in developing countries. Most of SMEs started as family businesses. Many successful entrepreneurs come from family business background. Therefore, information about the business types and how family members support the business can be a consideration for future entrepreneurs to build their own business empire. The purpose of this paper is to identify the characteristics, attributes and growth orientations of Indonesian entrepreneurs, including the roles and contributions of family toward SME. The data used for this study collected from questionnaires, with family business entrepreneurs as the respondents. The factors collected in the questionnaires are the drivers of being entrepreneurs and a combination of demographic information and detail related to characteristics and business orientations. The output of this study is the information on entrepreneur motivation, the influence of family member participation on the business growth, and other factors that might influence the SME family business success.