Psychiatric diagnoses of children affected by their parents’ traumatic brain injury: the 1987 Finnish Birth Cohort study (original) (raw)
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Psychiatric illness after mild traumatic brain injury in children
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2004
Massagli TL, Fann JR, Burington BE, Jaffe KM, Katon WJ, Thompson RS. Psychiatric illness after mild traumatic brain injury in children. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2004;85:1428-34. Objective: To determine the incidence of psychiatric illness 3 years after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children.
Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 2020
Objective: To explore differences between degrees and causes of TBI in mental health impairment comprising gender differences. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional observational study of TBI patients who bedded within 24 hours of presentation to the emergency department (ED), Khatam Hospital, located in Zahedan, Iran. Participants were randomized by a simple randomization technique. Information had been collected twice, the first time by screening patients by Glasgow Coma Scale score (GCS) and the second time was two months after discharging patients from the ED to estimate mental health impairment by using two separate clinical diagnostic tests. Results: The research considered 80 patients, with 66% being male and 34% female. The median age for both genders is estimated at 23.5 years. There was a statistically significant difference between degrees and causes of TBI on the total score of hospital anxiety and depression. In particular, degree and cause of TBI with depression in males (the M = 14.54, SD = .22), and degrees of TBI on post-traumatic stress disorder in females (M = 87, SD = .7) were significant difference. Conclusion: The current investigation highlights the incidence of depression in male patients with severe levels of traumatic brain injury who were injured by car accidents and multiple trauma; furthermore, this research found a remarkable rate of post-traumatic stress disorder in female patients with a mild degree of TBI. The researcher in traumatic brain injury should seriously deliberate and explore gender differences with the degree and cause of TBI in detail.
Identifying Risk Factors for Incidence of Mental Disorders after Traumatic Brain Injury
Background: Organic brain pathology usually may be followed by mental disorders. This research was aimed at constructing a predictive model and investigating the risk factors in the incidence of mental disorders after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirty eight patients (195 males and 43 females) were entered the study in a descriptive-longitudinal design by non-probable and consecutive sampling method. They were undergone neurosurgical examinations and psychological evaluations. After a 4-month follow-up, 65.1% of the patients (N=155) referred to a psychiatrist in order to determine the nature of mental disorder following TBI, using a structured clinical interview based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Results: 75.48% (117 cases) of patients had a form of mental disorder secondary to TBI. The Results of binary logistic regression analyses for calculating odds ratio (OR) model with 95% confidence interval (CI) indicating the severity of TBI (OR = 3.497, 95% CI =1.259-9.712 ), presence of subcranial injury (OR = 2.834, 95% CI =1.022-7.857 ) and falling level of general compatibility, as measured by modified version of GHQ-28 (OR = 1.072, 95% CI =1.035-1.111) indicated an increasing risk in the incidence of mental disorder7 T . Conclusion: Findings revealed that in the development of post-TBI mental disorders, first there was a close relationship with organic brain pathology (TBI severity and subcranial injury), although the role of effective psychological factors such as level of general compatibility after trauma should not be neglected. Also in order to predict the people at risk of mental disorders after TBI, the proposed predictive model in this study can be used.
Psychiatric illness and subsequent traumatic brain injury: a case control study
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 2002
Objective: To determine whether psychiatric illness is a risk factor for subsequent traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Case control study in a large staff model health maintenance organisation in western Washington State. Patients with TBI, determined by International classification of diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnoses, were 1440 health plan members who had TBI diagnosed in 1993 and who had been enrolled in the previous year, during which no TBI was ascertained. Three health plan members were randomly selected as control subjects, matched by age, sex, and reference date. Psychiatric illness in the year before the TBI reference date was determined by using computerised records of ICD-9-CM diagnoses, psychiatric medication prescriptions, and utilisation of a psychiatric service. Results: For those with a psychiatric diagnosis in the year before the reference date, the adjusted relative risk for TBI was 1.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4 to 2.0) compared with those without a psychiatric diagnosis. Patients who had filled a psychiatric medication prescription had an adjusted relative risk for TBI of 1.6 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.1) compared with those who had not filled a psychiatric medication prescription. Patients who had utilised psychiatric services had an adjusted relative risk for TBI of 1.3 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.6) compared with those who had not utilised psychiatric services. The adjusted relative risk for TBI for patients with psychiatric illness determined by any of the three psychiatric indicators was 1.6 (95% CI 1.4 to 1.9) compared with those without any psychiatric indicator. Conclusion: Psychiatric illness appears to be associated with an increased risk for TBI.
Psychiatric comorbidity following traumatic brain injury
Brain Injury
Primary objective: Survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at increased risk for development of severe, long-term psychiatric disorders. However, the aetiology of these disorders remains unclear. This article systematically reviews the most current prevalence rates and evidence for causality, in terms of established criteria. Main outcome and results: Psychiatric syndromes are consistently present at an elevated rate following TBI. Survivors of TBI are particularly susceptible to major depression, generalized anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Evidence for a biological gradient is generally lacking, although this criterion may not be appropriate in the case of TBI. The temporal pattern of onset is variable and reliable critical periods for the post-injury development of a psychiatric disorder remain to be identified; however, individuals appear to remain at risk for years following injury. Conclusions: Non-organic factors, including pre-morbid personality traits and post-injury psychological reactions to disability and trauma, are implicated in the generation and maintenance of post-TBI psychiatric disorder. There remains insufficient evidence to conclude what role the neuropathological consequences of TBI play in the development of post-TBI psychiatric disorder.